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NUR 325 > Fungal Infection > Flashcards

Fungal Infection Flashcards

1
Q

Transmission skin to skin

A

Tineas

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2
Q

Inhalation

A

cryptococcal

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3
Q

Antibiotics, biome

A

candidiasis

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4
Q

Who are fungal infections more common in?

A

elderly and immunocompromised
patients with in dwelling catheters
organ transplant recipients
chemo patients

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5
Q

What are superficial fungal infections caused by?

A

mycoses and dermatophytes

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6
Q

What is infected in dermatophytes?

A

keratinized tissues of hair, skin, nails

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7
Q

What infects in dermatophytes?

A

candidiasis, tineas

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8
Q

Treatment for superficial fungal infections

A

TOPICAL

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9
Q

Where do fungi thrive?

A

warm, dark and moist areas

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10
Q

Fungi of yeast

A

candida albicans

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11
Q

Fungi of ringworm of body

A

tinea corporois

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12
Q

Fungi of athletes foot

A

tinea pedis

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13
Q

Fungi of skin on upper chest, back and arms

A

tinea versicolor

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14
Q

Fungi of hair (cradle cap)

A

tinea capitis

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15
Q

Fungi of ringworm of groin

A

tinea cruris

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16
Q

Risk factors of tinea pedis, athletes foot

A

contact with infected skin
fungus in environment
wet socks

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17
Q

Diagnosis of athletes foot

A

culture
microscopic skin shavings

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18
Q

Treatment of athletes foot

A

TOPICAL

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19
Q

What is the most common pediatric dermatophyte?

A

tinea capitis

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20
Q

Are topicals effective for tinea capitis?

A

no, PO systemic anti fungals for 4-6 weeks BID

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21
Q

Tinea versicolor, ringworm of upper chest, back and arms risk factor

A

hot climate
sweat
oily skin
weak immune system

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22
Q

Is tinea versicolor contagious?

A

no

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23
Q

What is the treatment of tinea versicolor?

A

TOPICAL

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24
Q

Candidiasis, yeast risk factors

A

immunosuppressive
antibiotic use

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25
Q

Candidiasis, yeast treatment

A

TOPICAL, powder

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26
Q

Who are yeast infections common in?

A

chemo
transplant patients
HIV patients

27
Q

Systemic fungal infection

A

involves internal organs- intestines, lungs, urinary tract, brain

28
Q

-osis

A

fungal infections seen in immunocompromised

29
Q

Herpes Zoster- shingles

A

varicella foster virus lies dormant

prodrome: burning, tingling, rash
usually unilateral

30
Q

Risk factors of herpes zoster, shingles

A

previous hx chicken pox
>50 years old
most contagious-leaking vesicles

31
Q

Treatment for herpes zoster

A

usually oral
some IV antivirals

32
Q

Impetigo

A

staph and strep, nasal

acute, very contagious

honey pustules, crust on red base

33
Q

Treatment for impetigo

A

topical

34
Q

Abscess

A

skin inflamed with red collection of puss

may drain purulant discharge

35
Q

Treatment for abscess

A

anti biotics
incision and drainage

36
Q

Furnuncle

A

bacterial infection of hair follicle

37
Q

Carbuncle

A

painful, deep, swelling of skin caused by bacteria

38
Q

Treatment for carbuncle and furnuncle

A

incision and drainage
antibiotics-usually po

39
Q

Cellulitis

A

bacterial infection of skin and surrounding tissues

may be initial injury that becomes infected and spreads to healthy tissue

animal/insect bites

40
Q

Where does cellulitis usually occur?

A

lower extremities

41
Q

Is cellulitis contagious?

A

no

42
Q

Treatment for cellulitis

A

depends on severity
oral systemic antibiotics
IV if spreads to lymph nodes

43
Q

MRSA

A

methicillin resistant staph infection

44
Q

Hospital acquired MRSA

A

surgery, IV tubing, artificial joints

45
Q

Community acquired MRSA

A

often begins as painful boil
person to person transmission

46
Q

Who is at high risk for MRSA

A

high school wrestlers
child care workers
living in high crowded conditions

47
Q

Treatment for MRSA

A

IV vancomycin or zyvox (hospital acquired)

PO Bactria (community acquired)

prophylaxis prior to surgery

48
Q

Are precancerous lesions benign or malignant?

A

benign

49
Q

Actinic keratosis

A

due to skin damage from UV ray damage

common in fair skin people

50
Q

Solar lentigos

A

age spots
common in fair skin people

51
Q

Who are at higher risk for melanomas?

A

Women until 49
Men after 50
Caucasians

52
Q

Who is more likely to be under diagnosed?

A

African americans

53
Q

Basal cell neoplasms

A

most common

least often malignant

most common in white people

most curable

due to sun exposure

54
Q

Squamous cell neoplasm

A

can mestasize to remote areas

second most common

due to sun exposure

curable with early treatment

55
Q

Melanoma

A

more rare

high rates of mestasizing

56
Q

What neoplastic disease grows rapidly and vertically?

A

melanoma

57
Q

Risk factors of melanoma

A

blonde/red hair
freckling
hx of blistering sunburns <20 yrs
hx of >3 yes outside job as teen

58
Q

What is the most deadly form of skin cancer?

A

melanoma

59
Q

Who has the highest rate of melanoma?

A

caucasian males

60
Q

Eczema

A

skin becomes inflamed or irritated from overactive immune system

not contagious

61
Q

What kind of eczema is most common

A

atopic
(inherited)

62
Q

Psoriasis

A

long term, chronic condition

begins in early adulthood

not contagious

cause: over active immune system

63
Q

What is the link between with psoriasis

A

obesity, CVD

64
Q

How is psoriasis treated?

A

keep skin moist
topical meds
corticosteroid cream/lotion

NUR 325 (14 decks)

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