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Sociology > Functionalism > Flashcards

Functionalism Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the four core functions in education?

A

Social solidarity, Specialist skills, Secondary socialisation, Sifting and sorting (role allocation)

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2
Q

Who is the founding father of functionalism?

A

Durkheim

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3
Q

What did Durkheim develop?

A

The organic analogy

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4
Q

What is social solidarity?

A

It is a sense of togetherness where individuals feel that they belong to a community that is bigger than themselves.

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5
Q

What does Durkheim say that school is and why?

A

He says that school is like a mini society as there is rules to follow and the child has to learn to interact with the other people.

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6
Q

Give any examples of social solidarity? (6)

A
  • shared culture in history lessons
  • we all learn about the would wars
  • british values
  • hyms in assembly
  • sports day
  • school plays
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7
Q

EVALUATION - What does school fail to pass on?

A

Fails to pass on shared culture.

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8
Q

EVALUATION- What does rose-tinted mean?

A

It means to ignore the red flags and some people would argue that functionalism is “rose-tinted”

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9
Q

EVALUATION - What does ethnocentric mean?

A

Gives priority to white culture over others.

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10
Q

EVALUATION- How can ethnocentrism make EMs feel?

A

It can make them feel excluded and can divide them from other people.

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11
Q

EVALUATION- What is ethnocentric curriculum?

A

It is a type of educational curriculum that is based of a certain ethnic group.

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12
Q

EVALUATION - Examples of ethnocentric curriculum? (6)

A
  • only learn about white history
  • european languages
  • holidays e.g 2 weeks off for Christmas
  • food e.g no halal food
  • english e.g poems, english authors
  • black history month e.g only learnt for 1 week then forgotten
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13
Q

What is specialist skills?

A

It is when individuals are taught special skills so they can take their place within a highly complex division of labour.

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14
Q

What does division of labour mean?

A

There are different specialised jobs that involve specific tasks which are performed by specific people.

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15
Q

What skills does education teach? (4)

A
  • communication
  • confidence
  • critical thinking
  • problem solving
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16
Q

Who does the tax go to and what do they do with it?

A

It goes to the national government and they use the money to keep society going.

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17
Q

EVALUATION - What is the wolf review?

A

A review of vocational education by the government.

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18
Q

EVALUATION - What did education find that a third of 16-19s do? Which theory supports this view?

A

They found that they do courses that doesn’t lead to higher education or a good job. The new right would support this view.

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19
Q

EVALUATION- What does NEET mean?

A

Not in education, employment or training.

20
Q

What does secondary socialisation mean?

A

Parson believe that education passes on norms and values of society.

21
Q

What does meritocracy mean?

A

We can achieve status based on our own ability and effort.

22
Q

What does meritocracy do?

A

It makes sure that each person strives to achieve their full potential e.g beat your target grade.

23
Q

How might you be encouraged to achieve your full potential at work?

A

given targets

24
Q

In what ways could the education system be seen as fair to everyone? (4)

A
  • all students get the opportunity to go as it is free
  • qualifications: all can take exams and be rewarded with qualifications
  • national curriculum: all have to study the same subjects
  • everyone has to meet the same criteria e.g must get an 80% for an A
25
Q

EVALUATION - What does private school show?

A

It shows that not everyone has a equal chance to success.

26
Q

EVALUATION - Who does private school give an advantage to?

A

Middle class students

27
Q

EVALUATION - Who says that meritocracy is a myth?

A

Bowles and Gintis

28
Q

EVALUATION - What does children of the wealthy get?

A

They get high qualifications and well rewarded jobs.

29
Q

EVALUATION - Who does the working class blame when they fail?

A

They blame themselves rather than the system.

30
Q

EVALUATION- What is the myth of meritocracy?

A

It is the idea that we can achieve status based on our ability and effort when in reality it is based on our class background.

31
Q

EVALUATION - According to the myth of meritocracy, why are poor people poor?

A

Functionalist would say they lack ability and effort.

32
Q

What is sifting and sorting?

A

Davis and Moore says that it sifts and sorts people according to their ability and effort (meritocracy).

33
Q

How does education sift and sort people?

A
  • students are placed into sets
  • the clever students are placed into gifted and talented programmes
34
Q

What do the more able students gain?

A

They gain high grades which leads to important jobs e.g doctors, pilots

35
Q

What do the people with important jobs earn?

A

They earn a higher status and more money.

36
Q

What is natural and even desirable in society.

A

The inequalities in society

37
Q

Why is inequalities needed?

A

It acts as an incentive to work hard.

38
Q

EVALUATION - What three other factors have a significant role in determining achievement?

A
  • class
  • gender
  • ethnicity
39
Q

EVALUATION - Why may working class students not go university?

A

The tuition fees of £9000.

40
Q

What is the stretch paragraph called?

A

The Bridge

41
Q

What is the bridge?

A

Parsons say that education helps students to make the transition from home to work

42
Q

What is universalistic standards?

A

When the same standards apply to everyone.

43
Q

What is particularistic standards?

A

When a person is treated as “special” or “unique”

44
Q

What is ascribed status?

A

The status we are born into

45
Q

What is achieved status?

A

The status gained based on how hard a person has worked

46
Q

EVALUATION- How is the system failing to help students transition to work?

A

There is too many young people on benefits

Sociology (14 decks)

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