Functional Foods Flashcards
Define nutraceutical
Food component which as a drug-like effects in physiological functions
Example of an existing food which has been shown to provide specific benefits
Quaker Oats
Benefits of Quaker Oats (2)
It is rich in soluble fibre
Which help reduce cholesterol as apart of a low fat diet
Mechanism of how soluble fibre helps reduces cholesterol (3)
Binds to bile acids and thus they are excreted
Decreases cholesterol absorption
Propionate fermentation may inhibit hepatic cholesterol synthesis
Example of a functional food that had been formulated with an established ingredient in order to achieve specific benefits
Flora
Characteristics of flora (5)
High in essential polyunsaturates Low in saturates Virtually no trans fats Rich in vitamin E No hydrogenated oils
Examples of a food containing novel ingredients believed to have specific benefits (2)
Benecol
Olean
What is the novel ingredient in Benecol?
Stanol ester
Effects of stanol ester (3)
Displaces cholesterol from micelles
Therefore cholesterol is not absorbed
It is instead excreted in faeces
What is Olean?(5)
Brand name for olestra
Sucrose polyester (sucrose and long chain FA)
Non absorbable fat
Has the physical qualities of conventional dietary fat
Reduce fat and energy intake
Negative effects of olestra and how this is offset?(2)
Reduces absorption of fat soluble vitamins
They must be added to food
Polyphenols are potent _______
Antioxidants
Where can Polyphenols be naturally found?(6)
Green tea Cocoa Pomegranate juice Red wine Liquorice Some fruits and veg
Actions of resveratrol (7)
Antioxidant Inhibits platelet aggregation Induces vasodilation Anti-proliferation Anti-inflammatory Extends lifespan Regulates gene expression
Effects of resveratrol on gene expression (3)
Increases eNOS
blocks the detrimental effect of oxidative stress on increasing ET-1
Reduces blood pressure
