Fibre Flashcards
Soluble fibre (2)
Effect glucose and lipid absorption from small intestine
Easily fermented by microflora in large intestine
Insoluble fibre (2)
Slowly and incompletely fermented in the colon
Pronounced effects on bowel habit
Sources of soluble fibres (2)
Oats
Legumes
Soluble fibre forms a ____ with water
Gel
How does soluble fibre effect glucose absorption from small intestine?
Slows release of glucose
How does soluble fibre effect lipid absorption?(2)
Bind to fat
Reduces LDL and total cholesterol absorption
What happens to soluble fibre in the large intestine?
Fermented by bacteria producing SCFA
Sources of insoluble fibre (3)
Whole grain
Veg
Fruit skin
Effects of insoluble fibre on digestion and absorption (4)
Decreases transit time
Helps pass waste
Prevents constipation
Prolongs satiety
High fibre sources (6)
Whole grain and whole meal Beans and pulses Fruit and veg Nuts Seeds Oats
How much fibres should be consumed daily
30g
What is the most common source of fibre in the UK
Cereal
Symptoms of fibre overconsumption (3)
Flatulence
Bloating
Abdominal cramps
Which minerals may becomes deficient due to overconsumption of fibre?(3)
Zinc
Calcium
Iron
How does fibre over consumption cause mineral deficiencies?
Mineral binds to fibre and are eliminated instead of being absorbed
Soluble fibres _____ intestinal transit time
Increase
Insoluble fibres _____ intestinal transit time
Decrease
What does fermentation of soluble fibres produce?
SCFAs
Effects of soluble fibre on digestive enzyme function (3)
Impair ability of digestive enzymes to interact with nutrients in food
May inhibit intestinal peptidases
May inhibit pancreatic lipase
Dietary fibre is associated with reduced incidence of which cancers?(2)
Colorectal
Bowel
How may fibre reduce the risk of CVD (4)
Increased bile secretion
Decreased macronutritient absorption
Increase satiety
Delayed gastric emptying
Which CVD risk factors are improved by fibre consumption?(4)
Decreased LDL cholesterol
Weight regulation
Improved glucose metabolism
Decreased BP
What is the seaweed extract that is good for health?
Alginate
Effects of of alginate on digestion and absorption (5)
Slow glucose absorption Increased satiety Modulation of colonic microflora Stool bulking Reduced fat absorption by up to 75%
Define fibre (2)
Carbs that are neither digested or absorbed in the small intestine
And have a degree of polymerisation of 3 or more units, plus lignin
