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Fundamentals > Fibre > Flashcards

Fibre Flashcards

1
Q

Soluble fibre (2)

A

Effect glucose and lipid absorption from small intestine

Easily fermented by microflora in large intestine

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2
Q

Insoluble fibre (2)

A

Slowly and incompletely fermented in the colon

Pronounced effects on bowel habit

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3
Q

Sources of soluble fibres (2)

A

Oats

Legumes

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4
Q

Soluble fibre forms a ____ with water

A

Gel

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5
Q

How does soluble fibre effect glucose absorption from small intestine?

A

Slows release of glucose

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6
Q

How does soluble fibre effect lipid absorption?(2)

A

Bind to fat

Reduces LDL and total cholesterol absorption

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7
Q

What happens to soluble fibre in the large intestine?

A

Fermented by bacteria producing SCFA

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8
Q

Sources of insoluble fibre (3)

A

Whole grain
Veg
Fruit skin

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9
Q

Effects of insoluble fibre on digestion and absorption (4)

A

Decreases transit time
Helps pass waste
Prevents constipation
Prolongs satiety

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10
Q

High fibre sources (6)

A 
Whole grain and whole meal
Beans and pulses
Fruit and veg
Nuts 
Seeds
Oats
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11
Q

How much fibres should be consumed daily

A

30g

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12
Q

What is the most common source of fibre in the UK

A

Cereal

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13
Q

Symptoms of fibre overconsumption (3)

A

Flatulence
Bloating
Abdominal cramps

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14
Q

Which minerals may becomes deficient due to overconsumption of fibre?(3)

A

Zinc
Calcium
Iron

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15
Q

How does fibre over consumption cause mineral deficiencies?

A

Mineral binds to fibre and are eliminated instead of being absorbed

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16
Q

Soluble fibres _____ intestinal transit time

A

Increase

17
Q

Insoluble fibres _____ intestinal transit time

A

Decrease

18
Q

What does fermentation of soluble fibres produce?

A

SCFAs

19
Q

Effects of soluble fibre on digestive enzyme function (3)

A

Impair ability of digestive enzymes to interact with nutrients in food
May inhibit intestinal peptidases
May inhibit pancreatic lipase

20
Q

Dietary fibre is associated with reduced incidence of which cancers?(2)

A

Colorectal

Bowel

21
Q

How may fibre reduce the risk of CVD (4)

A

Increased bile secretion
Decreased macronutritient absorption
Increase satiety
Delayed gastric emptying

22
Q

Which CVD risk factors are improved by fibre consumption?(4)

A

Decreased LDL cholesterol
Weight regulation
Improved glucose metabolism
Decreased BP

23
Q

What is the seaweed extract that is good for health?

A

Alginate

24
Q

Effects of of alginate on digestion and absorption (5)

A 
Slow glucose absorption 
Increased satiety 
Modulation of colonic microflora 
Stool bulking 
Reduced fat absorption by up to 75%
25
Q

Define fibre (2)

A

Carbs that are neither digested or absorbed in the small intestine
And have a degree of polymerisation of 3 or more units, plus lignin

Fundamentals (17 decks)

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