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Fundamentals > DRVs > Flashcards

DRVs Flashcards

1
Q

What is a good nutritional status associated with (2)

A

Diet that supplies the required amount of nutrients

Without excessive storage

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2
Q

What is a poor nutritional status associated with

A

Intakes that are insufficient to meet requirements

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3
Q

What is meant by a balanced diet?(3)

A

All necessary nutrients are supplied in the required amounts
Variation of foods
Provides a balance between supply and demand

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4
Q

Supply

A

Any means through which nutrients are made available to meet demand

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5
Q

What does supply include?(3)

A

Intake from food
Stores of nutrients that can be mobilised within body
De novo synthesis within body

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6
Q

Demands

A

Any physiological or metabolic process that utilises nutrients

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7
Q

Examples of demand (6)

A 
Energy releasing substrate
Enzyme cofactor 
Structural component of tissues
Substrate for synthesis of macromolecules 
A transport element 
Component for cell-cell signalling
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8
Q

Under nutrition

A

Demand for nutrient exceeds supply

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9
Q

What causes undernutrition?(2)

A

High demands

Low intakes

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10
Q

Consequences of undernutrition (2)

A

Malnutrition

Nutrient deficiency

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11
Q

What is over nutrition?

A

Supply of nutrient exceeds demand

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12
Q

What causes over nutrition (4)

A

Intake of foods containing the nutrient increases above demand
Inappropriate change in dietary behaviour
Intake of unnecessary supplements
Nutrient demand decreases with no dietary change

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13
Q

Potential consequences of over nutrition (4)

A

Excess storage - e.g. adipose tissue
Excess secretion may damage kidneys
May be toxic
May reduce absorption of other nutrients

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14
Q

Factors that influence nutrient requirements (7)

A 
Sex
Age
Body comp
PA 
Lactation
Pregnancy 
Illness/trauma
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15
Q

Why are dietary standards needed?(5)

A

Assess the adequacy of a population’s diet
Provide guidance for individuals
Provide food labelling information
Enable government planning of food supply
Maintain good nutritional status

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16
Q

Define dietary reference values (DRV)

A

A general term which covers all figures of EAR, RNI AND LRNI

17
Q

Define estimated average requirements (EAR)

A

The estimated average requirement of a group for a particular nutrient or energy

18
Q

Reference nutrient intake (RNI) (3)

A

The amount of a nutrient (mean + SD) which is sufficient for almost all individuals
It exceeds the requirements of most people

19
Q

Lower reference nutrient intake (LRNI) (2)

A

The amount of a nutrient (mean - SD) which is sufficient for only a few individuals

20
Q

What are DRVs poorly suited for?

A

Assessing diets of individuals

21
Q

What are DRVs useful for?(2)

A

Assessing diets of populations

Food labelling purposes

22
Q

What are safe intakes

A

Level of intake that is considered to be a low risk for deficiency and/or toxicity

23
Q

When are safe intakes used?

A

If there is too little data to set typical DRVs

24
Q

Examples of nutrients that have been set safe intakes (2)

A

Biotin

Pantothenic acid

25
Q

Define nutritional status

A

The state of an individual’s health in relation to the nutrients in their diet and availability within their body

26
Q

% of total energy from dietary fats (3)

A

Sat fats: 10
Trans fats: 2
Total fats: 35%

27
Q

% of total energy from carbs (2)

A

Free sugars: 5

Total carbs: 50

28
Q

Guidelines for healthy eating (6)

A 
Base meals on starchy foods
At least 5 fruit and veg a day
Eat more fish
Cut down on sat fat and sugar
Eat less salt
Don't get thirsty
29
Q

How much water should we drink daily?(2)

A

6 to 8 glasses of water

1.6 to 2L

30
Q

How much alcohol should men and women drink a day

A

Women - 2-3 units

Men - 3-4 units

31
Q

How many alcohol free days should there be?

A

2-3

32
Q

Maximum sugars intake per day for 4-6 year old (2)

A

19g

3-5 teaspoons

33
Q

Maximum sugars intake per day for 7-10 year old (2)

A

24g

4-6 teaspoons

34
Q

Maximum sugars intake per day for 11 years and above (2)

A

30g

5-7 teaspoons

Fundamentals (17 decks)

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