Fuel Oil and Lube Oil Flashcards

1
Q

what is the primary fuel used in all shipboard power plants?

A

Fuel, Naval Distillate (F-76)

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2
Q

who must be notified for technical advice as soon as possible when using emergency substitute fuel?

A

Type Commander (TYCOM) or Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEASYSCOM)

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3
Q

what is the total quantity of fuel needed to conduct the Bottom Sediment and Water (BS&W) test?

A

100 milliliters per centrifuge tube for a total of 200 milliliters

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4
Q

what is the minimum temperature at which the fuel oil BS&W test is to be performed?

A

60 degrees F

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5
Q

what is the required centrifuge revolutions per minute (RPM), when conducting the fuel BS&W test?

A

about 1500 revolutions per minute (RPM)

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6
Q

how is the BS&W reading recorded from the centrifugal tubes?

A

the readings shall be a direct percentage of water and sediment read from the tube

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7
Q

what is the proper procedure, if the readings from the two tubes differ?

A

the readings shall be added together and divided by two to determine the BS&W

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8
Q

what type of fuel oil test uses the Pensky Martin closed cup tester?

A

flashpoint

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9
Q

what is the purpose of filtering the fuel through filter paper, when conducting the flashpoint test?

A

to remove all water

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10
Q

what is the required length of the test flame on the flashpoint tester, when conducting testing?

A

a millimeters (mm) or 5/32 inch

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11
Q

the temperature is raised at what rate, when performing the flashpoint test?

A

9 degrees F to 11 degrees F per minute

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12
Q

at what temperature is the test flame applied to the sample, when conducting the flashpoint test?

A

when the temperature of the sample is not higher than 30 degrees F. below the expected flashpoint temperature

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13
Q

after the test flame is applied, what is the rate at which the temperature is increased?

A

in 2 degrees F. increments until flashpoint is achieved

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14
Q

what is the minimum flashpoint of F-76?

A

140 degrees F

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15
Q

what is the minimum flashpoint of JP-5 (F-44)?

A

140 degrees F

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16
Q

the flashpoint tester stirring mechanism rates at what speed?

A

90 to 120 revolutions per minute (RPM)

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17
Q

the thermometer used for flashpoint testing has. orange of what?

A

20 to 230 degrees F

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18
Q

what fuel oil test uses a hydrometer?

A

API gravity

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19
Q

when conducting an API gravity test, how is the hydrometer read?

A

after the hydrometer is released in the sample, adequate time must be allotted for the hydrometer to reach equilibrium, once equilibrium is reached the reading is recorded

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20
Q

what is the standard temperature for determining volume on all petroleum products?

A

60 degrees F

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21
Q

the term clear refers to what, when applied to fuel oil samples?

A

free of solid particulate

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22
Q

the term bright refers to what, when applied to fuel oil samples?

A

free of water

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23
Q

how long is the sample bottle inverted, when conducting fuel oil clear and bright observations?

A

minimum of one minute

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24
Q

what is the minimum amount of times that the sample bottle is inverted, during clear and bright observations?

A

3 times

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25
Q

during clear and bright observations, you notice a cloud in the sample bottle that disappears at the top of the bottle, what is this an indication of?

A

water is present

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26
Q

what is the range of the thermometer used in the API gravity testing?

A

-5 to plus 215 degrees F

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27
Q

what is the volume of the graduated cylinder that is used for BS&W testing?

A

100 milliliters (ml)

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28
Q

in order to standardize the Navy terminology with the North Atlantic Treaty (NATO), Naval distillate fuel has been given what code number?

A

F-76

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29
Q

more information concerning fuels and substitute fuels can be found in what publication?

A

NSTM 541

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30
Q

what term is defined as the lowest temperature at which a liquid gives off suffiecient vaporto form a flammable mixture with air above the liquid surface?

A

flashpoint

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31
Q

the term wicking is defined as?

A

fuel drawn onto an absorbent solid material that can be ignited

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32
Q

if fuel is obtained from outside the military supply system, the greatest concern from a safety standpoint is what?

A

flashpoint

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33
Q

naval distillate lower pour point fuel is given what NATO symbol?

A

F-75

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34
Q

what fuel is used by Navies operating in colder climates?

A

F-75

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35
Q

JP-5 is hwta type of fuel?

A

turbine fuel, avaiation

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36
Q

heating value of fuel is measured by what?

A

BTU’s per pound or per gallon

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37
Q

the lowest temperature at which vapor remains burning after flashing is called what?

A

fire point

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38
Q

viscosity is defined as what?

A

the measurement of resistance to flow

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39
Q

what device is used to determine viscosity?

A

viscometer

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40
Q

what type of viscometer is commonly used to determine fuel oil and lube oil viscosity?

A

saybolt viscometer

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41
Q

what term is defined as the lowest temperature at which fuel will flow when it is chilled under prescribed conditions?

A

pour point

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42
Q

when fuel is mixed with water, the two liquids usually separate upon standing. this ability to separate is termed what?

A

demulsification

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43
Q

how often are bilges inspected for fuel accumulation?

A

twice daily

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44
Q

how are oily waste and rags stored onboard ship?

A

in steel oil-tight containers with self-closing covers until disposal can be accomplished in a manner estbalished by the commanding officer

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45
Q

no person shall enter a tank known or suspected to contain fuel or fuel vapors at any time without first having secured permission from whom?

A

Commanding Officer and Gas Free Engineer

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46
Q

how often are fuel tanks emptied to reduce heavy sludge deposits?

A

at least every 12 months

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47
Q

the fueling-at-sea hose is tested at what hydrostatic pressure?

A

200 psi

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48
Q

how long must hydrostatic pressure be maintained on the fueling-at-se hose?

A

a minimum of 5 minutes

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49
Q

what is the required fluid that is used for hydrostatic testing of the fueling-at-sea hose?

A

water

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50
Q

what fueling system has been adopted by NATO as the standard method for refueling at sea?

A

Probe fueling system

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51
Q

what is the required rleative force of the centrifuge, when conducting the fuel oil BS&W test?

A

between 500 and 800 relative centrifugal force (RCF)

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52
Q

prior to receiving fuel, a fuel analysis is required to show what specification?

A

API gravity, flashpoint, and water & sediment

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53
Q

in what publication would you find a listing of applicable Foreign material commercial source fuel supplies?

A

NAVPETOFFNOTE 4295

54
Q

when fuel is received from a fuel contractor, what is the required sediment and water content?

A

.01 percent

55
Q

at what frequency are visual samples taken during refueling operations?

A

every 15 minutes

56
Q

what is maximum BS&W content of fuel received from Navy sources?

A

.1 percent maximum

57
Q

what is used to test fuel oil 24 hours after receiving the fuel?

A

water indicating paste

58
Q

steam propelled ships shall take water indicating pastecuts on idle fuel tanks at what periodicity?

A

monthly

59
Q

on steam propelled ships, all fuel oil service tanks are tested prior to use for what?

A

Sediment and water (BS&W)

60
Q

before trasnferring fuel from fuel oil storage tanks to ships fuel oil service tanks the fuel must be tested for what?

A

Sediment and water (BS&W)

61
Q

when stripping fuel oil tanks, the system is alligned to draw off how many gallon of fuel?

A

150 to 300 gallons

62
Q

who must authorize the dischage of ballast water to the sea?

A

Commanding officer

63
Q

discharge of all ballast water must be in accordance with what publication?

A

NSTM 593, pollution control

64
Q

what tanks provide stability at sea, torpedo protection, and flooding control during underwater damage?

A

fuel oil ballast tanks

65
Q

what is the liquid medium used to ballast tanks?

A

seawater

66
Q

fuel oil storage are filled to what percentage and maintained at what percentage at all times?

A

95 percent

67
Q

what does tank free surafce contribute to?

A

causes a reduction in stability and makes a ship more sensitive to heeling moments

68
Q

ovreboard discharge of fuel contamination shall not be undertaken within how many nautical miles from shore?

A

50 miles

69
Q

what is the rated capacity of a fuel tank?

A

95 percent of total capacity as computed after allowance has been made for all obstructions in the compartment

70
Q

fuel tank air escape outlets are fitted with removable flash screens consisting of an inner screen of what dimension?

A

40 mesh

71
Q

overboard overflows are fitted with a check valve to prevent back flow of what?

A

water from the sea

72
Q

how often are overflow line valves that are accesible without entering the tank, inspected and cleaned?

A

annually

73
Q

one fuel oil service tabk per comparment must be inspected at what interval?

A

every 18 months

74
Q

what type of strainer consits of one or more cylindrically shaped fine mesh screens or perforated metal?

A

simplex strainer

75
Q

what type of strainer is constructed to house two single element filters?

A

duplex strainer

76
Q

what is the maximum allowable pressure drop across a fuel oil duplex strainer when online?

A

3 percent

77
Q

how often is the pressure drop across a duplex strainer monitored?

A

at least each watch

78
Q

what must be done daily, to knife edge type strainers, while online?

A

rotate the cleaning handle and clean the strainer

79
Q

what type of strainer is prohibited for use in the fuel oil system?

A

inline or cone type

80
Q

what type of sample must be drawn prior to starting any steam driven, turbine equipment?

A

lube oil

81
Q

what is the minimum allowable temperature of the oil supplied to the reduction gears before jacking over the gears?

A

90 degrees F

82
Q

if lube oil pressure at the pump increases suddenly, what is the probable cause?

A

clogged strainer

83
Q

turbine line shaft bearings and thrust bearings are designed to use what type of lubricating oil?

A

2190 TEP

84
Q

what is the required outlet temperature range to the bearings, during normal operation?

A

120 to 130 degrees F

85
Q

what publication covers specific lube oil testing requirements?

A

NSTM 262

86
Q

the viscosity loss in a journal bearinng is directly proportion to what?

A

viscosity of the oil in the bearing

87
Q

what is the lube oil cooler outlet temperature maintained at?

A

120 to 130 degrees F

88
Q

what must be done to lube oil coolers that are idle for more than 24 hours?

A

drain the seawater side

89
Q

what causes lube oil to break down prematurely?

A

water in the lube oil

90
Q

what is the required information on alube oil sample bottle label?

A

equipment, oil type, date, time

91
Q

lube oils are taken at intervals specified by what?

A

planned maintenance system (PMS), and engineering operating sequencing system (EOSS)

92
Q

idle line shaft bearing lube oil must be sampled within what periodicity?

A

Weekly

93
Q

what is the lube oil sampling frequency on operating machinery?

A

daily

94
Q

when conducting a lube oil transparency test, what is failure criteria?

A

if the printed words on the PMS card cannot be read

95
Q

what test is performed to dterminewater and sediment content of lube oil?

A

BS&W

96
Q

who must be informed if the lube oil sample fails transparency testing?

A

engineering officer of the watch

97
Q

what is the volume of the pear-shaped centrifuge tubes, used for centrifuge testing of lube oil?

A

100 milliliters (ml)

98
Q

what is the quantity of Biotek Hi-Solvent used per centrifuge tube, when conducting the lube oil BS&W test?

A

50 milliliters (ml)

99
Q

when is hot water bath required?

A

when the sample is cloudy after sitting for 1/2 hour

100
Q

prior to start lube oil samples are good for how long?

A

24 hours

101
Q

when placing a stopper in the centrifuge tube, what is the recommended covering for the stopper?

A

cellophane

102
Q

prior to inserting the centrifuge tube in the centrifuge, how many times must you invert the tube, to ensure complete mixing?

A

at least 5 times

103
Q

after completion of the centrifuge test, how is the pear-shaped centrifuge tube read for lube oil sediment and water?

A

add the readings of the two tubes together to obtain the percentage of BS&W

104
Q

what does a lube oil BS&W warning condition mean?

A

BS&W exceeds .2 percent but is less than or equal to .4 percent

105
Q

how long can equipment be operated in the BS&W lube oil warning range?

A

maximum of 7 days from the date of the contamination

106
Q

should an operational necessity exist, who can authorize the continued operation of the equipment past the 7 day warning limit for lube oil?

A

commanding officer

107
Q

what constitutes a satisfactory lube oil BS&W test?

A

if theres is less than or equal to .1 percent sediment and the combined BS&W is less than or equal to .2 percent

108
Q

if the combined lube oil BS&W exceeds .4 percent or if the sediment exceeds .1 percent at any BS&W level, the lube oil is said to be in what limitation?

A

condemning limit

109
Q

the centrifuge is operated in what time intervals, during centrifuge testing?

A

30 minute intervals

110
Q

what is the required speed of the centrifuge during lube oil BS&W testing?

A

1500 revolutions per minute (RPM)

111
Q

main engine purifiers should be run periodically everyday while steaming for a period of how many hoursper day?

A

12 hours (good engineering practice)

112
Q

when heating a lube oil sample in the water bath, what is the temperature to which samples is heated?

A

120 degrees F

113
Q

if the lube oil becomes clear and bright upon hearing, the sample is said to be?

A

satisfactory for use

114
Q

how long must a lube oil sample be allowed to settle after being taken to be observed for clear and bright criteria?

A

30 minutes

115
Q

what is the size of the lube oil sample bottle?

A

8 ounce square bottle

116
Q

what must be done if a lube oil sample contains free water?

A

a BS&W test must be performed

117
Q

oil that is to be discarded shall be deposited into what?

A

oily waste holding tank

118
Q

what type of rags must be used to wipe the inside of a lube oil tank, abearing, or any lubrication system part?

A

lint-free

119
Q

how often is spring bearing lube oil level and temperature checked while in operation?

A

hourly

120
Q

what does the 2 in 2190 TEP lube oil stand for?

A

class or series of oil

121
Q

what does the 190 in 2190 TEP lube oil mean?

A

viscosity at testing temperature

122
Q

what does the TEP stand for in 2190 TEP?

A

indicates that the oil contains additives for special purposes

123
Q

during refueling, when are fuel oil BS&W tests conducted?

A

at the beginning, midpoint and end

124
Q

because of the importance of good quality lubricating oil, what program was established?

A

lube oil quality management (LOQM) program

125
Q

what act prohibits the discharge of oil or water having oil in it into the sea within 50 miles of any land and establishes prohibited zones?

A

oil pollution control act of 1961

126
Q

what act prohibits any person to discharge oil from any water borne vessel or onshore or offshore facility into upon certain waters, and establishes restrictions within the contiguous zone?

A

Federal water pollution control act of 1970

127
Q

what is the contiguous zone?

A

12 miles from the baseline from which territorial sea is measured

128
Q

all oil spills that produce a visible sheen in the United States navigable waters and the contiguous zone mustbe reported immediately to whom?

A

commander of local Coast Guard district

129
Q

what instruction outlines the provisions of the Federal Law that deals with pollution control?

A

OPNAVINST 5090.1

130
Q

the Federal Water Pollution Control Act was amended in what year?

A

1970

131
Q

if oil is spilled between two ships, how can this spillage be effectively contained until help arrives?

A

by directing fire gose streams into both ends of the slick to keep it from moving

132
Q

what Naval ships technical manual covers pollution control procedures?

A

NSTM 593