Fuel Oil and Lube Oil Flashcards
what is the primary fuel used in all shipboard power plants?
Fuel, Naval Distillate (F-76)
who must be notified for technical advice as soon as possible when using emergency substitute fuel?
Type Commander (TYCOM) or Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEASYSCOM)
what is the total quantity of fuel needed to conduct the Bottom Sediment and Water (BS&W) test?
100 milliliters per centrifuge tube for a total of 200 milliliters
what is the minimum temperature at which the fuel oil BS&W test is to be performed?
60 degrees F
what is the required centrifuge revolutions per minute (RPM), when conducting the fuel BS&W test?
about 1500 revolutions per minute (RPM)
how is the BS&W reading recorded from the centrifugal tubes?
the readings shall be a direct percentage of water and sediment read from the tube
what is the proper procedure, if the readings from the two tubes differ?
the readings shall be added together and divided by two to determine the BS&W
what type of fuel oil test uses the Pensky Martin closed cup tester?
flashpoint
what is the purpose of filtering the fuel through filter paper, when conducting the flashpoint test?
to remove all water
what is the required length of the test flame on the flashpoint tester, when conducting testing?
a millimeters (mm) or 5/32 inch
the temperature is raised at what rate, when performing the flashpoint test?
9 degrees F to 11 degrees F per minute
at what temperature is the test flame applied to the sample, when conducting the flashpoint test?
when the temperature of the sample is not higher than 30 degrees F. below the expected flashpoint temperature
after the test flame is applied, what is the rate at which the temperature is increased?
in 2 degrees F. increments until flashpoint is achieved
what is the minimum flashpoint of F-76?
140 degrees F
what is the minimum flashpoint of JP-5 (F-44)?
140 degrees F
the flashpoint tester stirring mechanism rates at what speed?
90 to 120 revolutions per minute (RPM)
the thermometer used for flashpoint testing has. orange of what?
20 to 230 degrees F
what fuel oil test uses a hydrometer?
API gravity
when conducting an API gravity test, how is the hydrometer read?
after the hydrometer is released in the sample, adequate time must be allotted for the hydrometer to reach equilibrium, once equilibrium is reached the reading is recorded
what is the standard temperature for determining volume on all petroleum products?
60 degrees F
the term clear refers to what, when applied to fuel oil samples?
free of solid particulate
the term bright refers to what, when applied to fuel oil samples?
free of water
how long is the sample bottle inverted, when conducting fuel oil clear and bright observations?
minimum of one minute
what is the minimum amount of times that the sample bottle is inverted, during clear and bright observations?
3 times
during clear and bright observations, you notice a cloud in the sample bottle that disappears at the top of the bottle, what is this an indication of?
water is present
what is the range of the thermometer used in the API gravity testing?
-5 to plus 215 degrees F
what is the volume of the graduated cylinder that is used for BS&W testing?
100 milliliters (ml)
in order to standardize the Navy terminology with the North Atlantic Treaty (NATO), Naval distillate fuel has been given what code number?
F-76
more information concerning fuels and substitute fuels can be found in what publication?
NSTM 541
what term is defined as the lowest temperature at which a liquid gives off suffiecient vaporto form a flammable mixture with air above the liquid surface?
flashpoint
the term wicking is defined as?
fuel drawn onto an absorbent solid material that can be ignited
if fuel is obtained from outside the military supply system, the greatest concern from a safety standpoint is what?
flashpoint
naval distillate lower pour point fuel is given what NATO symbol?
F-75
what fuel is used by Navies operating in colder climates?
F-75
JP-5 is hwta type of fuel?
turbine fuel, avaiation
heating value of fuel is measured by what?
BTU’s per pound or per gallon
the lowest temperature at which vapor remains burning after flashing is called what?
fire point
viscosity is defined as what?
the measurement of resistance to flow
what device is used to determine viscosity?
viscometer
what type of viscometer is commonly used to determine fuel oil and lube oil viscosity?
saybolt viscometer
what term is defined as the lowest temperature at which fuel will flow when it is chilled under prescribed conditions?
pour point
when fuel is mixed with water, the two liquids usually separate upon standing. this ability to separate is termed what?
demulsification
how often are bilges inspected for fuel accumulation?
twice daily
how are oily waste and rags stored onboard ship?
in steel oil-tight containers with self-closing covers until disposal can be accomplished in a manner estbalished by the commanding officer
no person shall enter a tank known or suspected to contain fuel or fuel vapors at any time without first having secured permission from whom?
Commanding Officer and Gas Free Engineer
how often are fuel tanks emptied to reduce heavy sludge deposits?
at least every 12 months
the fueling-at-sea hose is tested at what hydrostatic pressure?
200 psi
how long must hydrostatic pressure be maintained on the fueling-at-se hose?
a minimum of 5 minutes
what is the required fluid that is used for hydrostatic testing of the fueling-at-sea hose?
water
what fueling system has been adopted by NATO as the standard method for refueling at sea?
Probe fueling system
what is the required rleative force of the centrifuge, when conducting the fuel oil BS&W test?
between 500 and 800 relative centrifugal force (RCF)
prior to receiving fuel, a fuel analysis is required to show what specification?
API gravity, flashpoint, and water & sediment