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Botany > Fruits, Flowers and Seeds > Flashcards

Fruits, Flowers and Seeds Flashcards

1
Q

what is the stalk of an inflorescence

A

pedicel

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2
Q

what is the modified stem tip?

A

receptacle

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3
Q

the sepals are the individual units of what?

A

calyx

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4
Q

petals are

A

corolla

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5
Q

what is the sterile part of the flower?

A

the caylx and corolla

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6
Q

the male part of the flower is the _____ and the _____ is the female part of the flower

A

androecium and gynoecium

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7
Q

what is the stamen made up of?

A

the anther and the filament

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8
Q

anther turns into ____ which produces ___ sperm

A

pollen, 2

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9
Q

the pistil is made up of?

A

the stigma, style and ovary

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10
Q

the ovary produces ____ which produces ___ egg

A

ovule, 1

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11
Q

what are the two types of pistils?

A

simple and compound

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12
Q

a simple pistil has ____ chamber

A

one

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13
Q

a compound pistil has ____ chambers

A

multiple

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14
Q

the compound pistil is made up of multiple ____ that have fused together

A

carpals

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15
Q

ovary wall separate individual ____

A

locules

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16
Q

what are the three ovary positions?

A

hypogynous, perigynous, and epigynous

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17
Q

hypogynous means…

A

attached below the ovary

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18
Q

perigynous means…

A

indermediately attached to the ovary

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19
Q

epigynous means…

A

attached on top of the ovary

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20
Q

what are the two symmetries?

A

radial and bilateral

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21
Q

radial symmetry means?

A

multiple ways to get equal halves

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22
Q

bilateral symmetry means?

A

on cut it one way to get equal halves

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23
Q

what are tepals?

A

where petals and sepals look identical

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24
Q

what is an incomplete modificiation?

A

missing one or more parts

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25
Q

what is imperfect modification?

A

type of incomplete flower

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26
Q

flower that has both sexes present?

A

synoecious

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27
Q

male flowers

A

staminate

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28
Q

female flowers

A

pistillate

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29
Q

produces male flowers and female flowers on the same plant

A

monoecious

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30
Q

produces only female or male parts

A

dioecious

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31
Q

collections/ aggregates of flowers

A

inflorescence

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32
Q

flowers outside tend to be _____

A

sterile

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33
Q

the first flower to develop is the

A

largest

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34
Q

the fruit is made up of the

A

ovary and the seed

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35
Q

development of the ovary into a fruit without a seed

A

pathenocarpic

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36
Q

the ovary wall is the

A

pericarp

37
Q

outside

A

exocarp

38
Q

inside

A

endocarp

39
Q

middle

A

mesocarp

40
Q

one flower, one ovary

A

simple

41
Q

one flower, multiple ovaries

A

aggregate

42
Q

multiple flowers each with their own ovary

A

mutiple

43
Q

multiple flowers each with their own ovary

A

multiple

44
Q

acessory fruit

A

more than just the ovary wall making up the fruit

45
Q

what is a drup?

A

fruit with thin skin, hard endocarp that is sometimes called a stone

46
Q

a drup has a ____ seed

A

single

47
Q

an example of a drup with think skin and a hard endocarp is ?

A

peach

48
Q

drups can also have ____ outside with a ____ seed that you eat

A

fleshy, single

49
Q

what is an example of a drup with a single seed you eat?

A

black walnut

50
Q

what is a fruit that has thin skin and a soft pericarp?

A

true berry

51
Q

what is an example of a true berry?

A

grape

52
Q

what fruit has a leathery skin that contains oils?

A

hesperidium

53
Q

how do hesperidium fruits form?

A

outgrowths from the inner lining of the ovary wall become swollen with juice

54
Q

the white part in a hesperidium is the what?

A

mesocarp

55
Q

what fruits are hesperidium?

A

oranges, limes, lemon, grapefruit

56
Q

what fruit has a relatively thick rind?

A

pepo

57
Q

where does a pepo fruit develop from?

A

inferior ovary

58
Q

a ____ is an example of an accessory fruit

A

pome

59
Q

what is an example of a pome fruit?

A

apple

60
Q

lots of petals that stay attached to the ovary and become fleshy

A

hypanthium

61
Q

dry fruits that naturally split open

A

dehiscent

62
Q

a dry fruit follicle splits along ____ line of dehiscence

A

one

63
Q

what is an example of a follicle

A

milkweed

64
Q

a legume opens along ___ lines of dehiscence

A

two

65
Q

in a legume how many carpals?

A

one

66
Q

what is an example of a legume

A

beans, peas, peanuts

67
Q

a silique has ___ sutures and ___ carpals that are ____

A

2, 2, fused

68
Q

when the fruit is mature in a silique, you get how many lines of dehiscence?

A

two

69
Q

what is an example of a silique?

A

mustard family

70
Q

dry fruits with three or more sutures

A

capsules

71
Q

what is an example of a capsule

A

cacao

72
Q

dry fruits that do not naturally open

A

indehiscent

73
Q

when the fruit matures it does not naturally open up

A

achne

74
Q

what is an example of an achne

A

sunflower seed

75
Q

what is an example of a caryopsis

A

grains, grasses, corn, rice, oats, wheat

76
Q

why are you unable to separate the fruit from the seed in a grain?

A

because the seed coat fuses with the ovary wall

77
Q

helicopter seeds

A

samara

78
Q

samara are the ___ fruits

A

winged

79
Q

for a samara, at maturity the two ___ separate and the wings allow for proper dispersal

A

carpals

80
Q

what are the different ways fruits and seeds disperse

A

wind, animal, water, mechanical

81
Q

in a eudicot, the two halves of a seed are known as the

A

cotyledons

82
Q

the cotyledon is the part of the embryo that ____ in a eudicot

A

stores food

83
Q

first pair of leaves in a seed

A

plumule

84
Q

embryonic root

A

radicle

85
Q

small hole where the pollen tubes would have grown in the ovule

A

microphyle

86
Q

where the seed was attached to the ovary wall

A

hilum

87
Q

in a monocot seed, where is the food stored?

A

in the endosperm

88
Q

shape of corn, pointing that allows it to grow through soil

A

coleoptile

89
Q

shoot system

A

plumule

Botany (21 decks)

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