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Botany > Bryophytes > Flashcards

Bryophytes Flashcards

1
Q

what plants are bryophytes

A

liverworts, hornworts, mosses

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2
Q

what anchors the plant

A

rhizoids

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3
Q

do they have xylem and phloem

A

no, they are non-vascular

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4
Q

what is the dominant generation

A

gametophyte

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5
Q

what are some characteristics?

A

cuticle, gametangia and sporangia, mulitcellular embryo

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6
Q

what phylum are liverworts in

A

hepaticophyta

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7
Q

what is the thallus

A

flat, green, photosynthetic tissue layer

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8
Q

what is the gemmae

A

asexual reproduction that float away in water

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9
Q

the gametophyle is made up of

A

thallus, gammae, antheridiosphore and archegoniosphore

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10
Q

what is the sporphyle made up of

A

foot, seta, capsule, elaters

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11
Q

what does the foot do?

A

anchors sporophyte into gametophyle tissue

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12
Q

what is the seta

A

stalk

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13
Q

what is the capsule

A

on top of stalk; where spores are produced

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14
Q

what is the function of sporangium?

A

produce spores

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15
Q

what is the calyptra

A

wall or archegonium that surrounds sporangia

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16
Q

where is the antheridia?

A

antheridiophore

17
Q

what does the antheridiophore produce?

A

lots of sperm

18
Q

where is the archegonium?

A

archegoniophore

19
Q

what does the archegoniophore produce?

A

one egg

20
Q

how thick is the gamatangium?

A

one layer thick

21
Q

what phylum are the mosses in?

A

bryophyta

22
Q

what kind of leaves don’t mosses have?

A

true leaves

23
Q

why are leaves on mosses not considered true leave

A

because true leaves are vascular and mosses are not vascular

24
Q

what are the transport tissue for mosses?

A

hydroid and leptiod

25
Q

what does hydroid transport?

A

water

26
Q

what does leptiod transport?

A

food

27
Q

how are spores formed?

A

when sporocytes undergo meiosis and become spores

28
Q

what happens when spores mature?

A

the operculum pops off and the spores are dispersed

29
Q

what is the protonema

A

filamentous structure; early development of mosses

30
Q

what phylum are hornworts in?

A

anthocerophyta

31
Q

what kind of maturation of spores do hornworts have?

A

gradual maturation

32
Q

where is the gametangia located in hornworts

A

immersed; embeded in the thallus

33
Q

what are the sporophytes in hornworts

A

the horns

34
Q

pores in gametophytes are filled with _____ which contains what kind of bacteria

A

mucilage; nitrogen fixing

35
Q

there is ____ large chloroplast in ____ cell

A

one; each

Botany (21 decks)

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