Bryophytes Flashcards
what plants are bryophytes
liverworts, hornworts, mosses
what anchors the plant
rhizoids
do they have xylem and phloem
no, they are non-vascular
what is the dominant generation
gametophyte
what are some characteristics?
cuticle, gametangia and sporangia, mulitcellular embryo
what phylum are liverworts in
hepaticophyta
what is the thallus
flat, green, photosynthetic tissue layer
what is the gemmae
asexual reproduction that float away in water
the gametophyle is made up of
thallus, gammae, antheridiosphore and archegoniosphore
what is the sporphyle made up of
foot, seta, capsule, elaters
what does the foot do?
anchors sporophyte into gametophyle tissue
what is the seta
stalk
what is the capsule
on top of stalk; where spores are produced
what is the function of sporangium?
produce spores
what is the calyptra
wall or archegonium that surrounds sporangia
where is the antheridia?
antheridiophore
what does the antheridiophore produce?
lots of sperm
where is the archegonium?
archegoniophore
what does the archegoniophore produce?
one egg
how thick is the gamatangium?
one layer thick
what phylum are the mosses in?
bryophyta
what kind of leaves don’t mosses have?
true leaves
why are leaves on mosses not considered true leave
because true leaves are vascular and mosses are not vascular
what are the transport tissue for mosses?
hydroid and leptiod
what does hydroid transport?
water
what does leptiod transport?
food
how are spores formed?
when sporocytes undergo meiosis and become spores
what happens when spores mature?
the operculum pops off and the spores are dispersed
what is the protonema
filamentous structure; early development of mosses
what phylum are hornworts in?
anthocerophyta
what kind of maturation of spores do hornworts have?
gradual maturation
where is the gametangia located in hornworts
immersed; embeded in the thallus
what are the sporophytes in hornworts
the horns
pores in gametophytes are filled with _____ which contains what kind of bacteria
mucilage; nitrogen fixing
there is ____ large chloroplast in ____ cell
one; each
