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Theories of Personality > Freud: Psychoanalysis > Flashcards

Freud: Psychoanalysis Flashcards

1
Q

Emphasis is on unconscious and emotions as determinants of personality.

A

Psychoanalysis

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2
Q

Father of Psychoanalysis

A

Sigmund Freud

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3
Q

From whom did Freud learn the hypnotic technique for treating hysteria.

A

Jean Charcot

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4
Q

Viennesse neurologist that Freud studied under; taught him about catharsis.

A

Joseph Breuer

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5
Q

A disorder typically characterized by paralysis or the improper functioning of certain parts of the body.

A

Hysteria

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6
Q

The process of removing hysterical symptoms through “talking them out”.

A

Catharsis

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7
Q

3 levels of personality according to Freud.

A

Unconscious
Preconscious
Conscious

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8
Q

Includes all forms of awareness, memories and experiences; those mental elements in awareness at any given time.

A

Conscious

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9
Q

Past memories which are not readily available; contains all those elements that are not conscious but can become conscious either quite readily or with some difficulty.

A

Preunconscious

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10
Q

No awareness level; repository of repressed and forgotten events; contains all those drives, urges, or instincts that are beyond our awareness but still motivates most of our words, feelings, and actions.

A

Unconscious

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11
Q

Inherited unconscious images.

A

Phylogenetic endowment

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12
Q

2 sources of the contents of the preconscious.

A

Conscious perception
Unconscious

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13
Q

Is turned downward the outer world and acts as a medium for the perception of external stimuli.

A

Perceptual conscious system

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14
Q

3 structures of personality (Freud).

A

Id
Ego
Superego

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15
Q

Source of biological drives,unconscious, operates according to the demands of the pleasure principle.

A

Id

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16
Q

Operates at reality principle and that life is bounded by rules; structure that compels the person to deal with the realities of life.

A

Ego

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17
Q

What the ego tries to substitute for the pleasure principle of the id.

A

Reality principle

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18
Q

Ethical and moral arm of personality; develops out of the Ego, after it develops out of the Id

A

Superego

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19
Q

Guides the Superego as opposed to the pleasure principle of the id and the realistic principle of the ego.

A

Moralistic and idealistic principle

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20
Q

2 subsystems/components of Superego

A

Ego-ideal
Conscience

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21
Q

A built-in reinforcement process that makes a person feel satisfied when doing right and guilt when doing wrong; results from experiences with punishments for improper behavior and tells us what we should not do.

A

Conscience

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22
Q

What the person likes to be; develops from experiences with rewardsfor proper behavior and tells us what we should do.

A

Ego-ideal

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23
Q

A psychological error in speaking or writing that reveals about the unconscious.

A

Freudian slip

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24
Q

A process in which a well-developed Superego acts to control sexual and aggressive impulses.

A

Repression

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25
Q

Motivational principle, the driving forces behind
people’s actions.

A

Instinct/ Drive/ Impulses

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26
Q

2 major headings/groups of drive; originate in the id and come under control of the ego.

A

Sex or Eros
Aggression, Distractions or Thanatos

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27
Q

The word used for sex drive; psychic libido of sex drive.

A

Libido

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28
Q

Characteristics of Libido

A

Impetus
Source
Aim
Object

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29
Q

The amount of force it (libido) exerts.

A

Impetus

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30
Q

The region of the body in a state of excitation or tension.

A

Source

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31
Q

To seek pleasure by removing that excitation or reducing the tension.

A

Aim

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32
Q

The person or thing that serves as the means through which the aim issatisfied.

A

Object

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33
Q

All pleasurable activity is traceable to the sexual drive.

A

Sex

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34
Q

Parts of the body that are capable of producing sexual pleasure.

A

Erogenous zone/s

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35
Q

Infants are primarily self-centered, with their libido invested almost exclusively on their own ego.

A

Primary narcissism

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36
Q

Adolescents often redirect their libido back to the ego and become preoccupied with personal appearance and other self-interests.

A

Secondary narcissism

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37
Q

The need for sexual pleasure by inflicting pain or
humiliation on another person.

A

Sadism

38
Q

A common need, becomes a perversion when
subservient to the destructive drive; experience sexual pleasure from suffering pain and humiliation inflicted either by themselves or by others.

A

Masochism

39
Q

The aim is to return the organism to an inorganic state.

A

Aggression

40
Q

Forms of aggression.

A

Teasing
Gossiping
Sarcasm
Humiliation
Humor
Enjoyment of other people’s suffering

41
Q

A felt, affective, unpleasant state accompanied by a physical sensation that warns the person against impending danger.

A

Anxiety

42
Q

3 kinds of anxiety

A

Neurotic Anxiety
Moral Anxiety
Realistic Anxiety

43
Q

Apprehension about an unknown danger; originates from id impulses; ego’s dependence on the id.

A

Neurotic Anxiety

44
Q

Stems from the conflict between the ego and the superego; dependence on the superego.

A

Moral Anxiety

45
Q

Closely related to fear; defined as an unpleasant, nonspecific feeling involving a possible danger; dependence on the outer world leads to realistic
anxiety.

A

Realistic anxiety

46
Q

During this stage, the child is focusedon oral pleasures like sucking, biting, eating.

A

Oral Stage

47
Q

Infants feel no ambivalence toward the pleasurable object and their needs are usually satisfied with a minimum of frustration and anxiety.

A

Oral-receptive phase

48
Q

Infants respond to others through biting, cooing, closing their mouth, smiling, and crying.

A

Oral-sadistic period

49
Q

What stage is the first 4 or 5 years of life.

A

Infantile Stage

50
Q

The child’s focus of pleasure in this stage is on eliminating and retaining feces.

A

Anal Stage

51
Q

2 subphases of anal phase.

A

Early anal period
Late anal period

52
Q

Children receive satisfaction by destroying or losing objects.

A

Early anal period

53
Q

Children sometimes take friendly interest toward their feces.

A

Late anal period

54
Q

People who continue to receive erotic satisfaction by keeping and possessing objects and by arranging them in an excessively.

A

Anal character

55
Q

Orderliness, stinginess, and obstinacy that typifies the adult anal character which the anal eroticism transforms into.

A

Anal triad

56
Q

The pleasure zone switches to the genitals; Freud believed that during this stage, boys develop unconscious sexual desires for their mothers known as Oedipus Complex.

A

Phallic Stage

57
Q

Freud’s notion of a boy’s sexual feelings for his mother and rivalries with his father.

A

Oedipus Complex

58
Q

Freud’s notion of unconscious fear from a boy’s
struggle to deal with his love for his mother while knowing that he cannot overcome his father.

A

Castration anxiety

59
Q

Freud’s notion of a phenomenon in which girls develop inferiority feelings and jealousy over her lack of a penis.

A

Penis envy

60
Q

It is during this stage that sexual urges
remain repressed or become calm and children interact and play mostly with same sex peers.

A

Latency Stage

61
Q

The final stage of psychosexual development begins at the start of puberty when sexual urges are once again awakened.

A

Genital Stage

62
Q

A stage attained after a person has passed through the earlier developmental periods in an ideal manner.

A

Psychological maturity

63
Q

Excessive use of this can lead to psychological disorders; serves as the insulator of the ego to protect it from breaking.

A

Defense mechanism

64
Q

Principal defense mechanisms identified by Freud.

A

Repression
Reaction Formation
Displacement
Fixation
Regression
Projection
Introjection
Sublimation
Suppression
Denial

65
Q

Pushing into the unconscious; voluntary/purposely.

A

Supression

66
Q

Taking the opposite belief because the true belief
causes anxiety; adopting a disguise that is directly opposite its original form.

A

Reaction Formation

67
Q

Taking out impulses on a less threatening target; people redirect their unacceptable urges onto a variety of people or objects so that the original impulse is disguised or concealed.

A

Displacement

68
Q

Resorting of ego to the strategy of remaining at the present, more comfortable psychological stage.

A

Fixation

69
Q

Supplying a logical or rational reason as opposed to the real reason.

A

Rationalization

70
Q

Returning to a previous stage of development; reverting back to an earlier stage during times of stress and anxiety.

A

Regression

71
Q

Avoiding unacceptable emotions by focusing on the intellectual aspects.

A

Intellectualization

72
Q

Placing unacceptable impulses in yourself onto someone else; ego reduces the anxiety by attributing the unwanted impulse to an external object, usually another person.

A

Projection

73
Q

People incorporate positive qualities of another person into their own ego.

A

Introjection

74
Q

Acting out unacceptable impulses in a socially acceptable way; repression of the genital aim of Eros by substituting a cultural or social aim.

A

Sublimation

75
Q

It requires the patient to say whatever
comes to head; patients are required to verbalize every thought that comes to their mind, no matter how irrelevant or repugnant it may appear.

A

Free association/ Free talking

76
Q

This happens when the repressed feelings (positive or negative) surfaced can be channelled to the therapist; refers to the strong sexual urge or aggressive feelings, positive or negative, that patients develop toward their analyst during the course of treatment.

A

Transference

77
Q

Permits patients to more or less relive childhood experiences within nonthreatening climate of the analytic treatment.

A

Positive transference

78
Q

Form of hostility that must be recognized by the therapist and explain to the patients so that they can overcome any resistance to treatment.

A

Negative transference

79
Q

Refers to a variety of unconscious responses used by patients to block their own progress in therapy.

A

Resistance

80
Q

The emergence of buried feelings (fear, grief, other
forgotten memories) in the unconscious. This is the turning point or healing.

A

Catharsis

81
Q

The therapist’s reaction to the patient is distorted by own unresolved conflicts.

A

Countertransference

82
Q

Used to transform the manifest content of dreams to the more important latent content.

A

Dream analysis

83
Q

The surface meaning or the conscious description given by the dreamer.

A

Manifest content

84
Q

Refers to the dream’s unconscious material.

A

Latent content

85
Q

Refers to the fact that the manifest dream content is not as extensive as the latent level, indicating that the unconscious material has been abbreviated or condensed before appearing on the manifest level.

A

Condensation

86
Q

Means that the dream image is replaced by some other idea only remotely related to it.

A

Displacement

87
Q

Unconsciously forces threatening feelings into unconscious.

A

Repression

88
Q

Arguing against an anxiety provoking stimulus by stating it doesn’t exist.

A

Denial

89
Q

A pleasure-seeking person is dominated by?

A

Id

90
Q

A guilt-ridden or inferior feeling person is dominated by?

A

Superego

91
Q

A psychologically healthy person is dominated by?

A

Ego

92
Q

If the ego and superego fails to perform accordingly, what emerges to control?

A

Id

Theories of Personality (24 decks)

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