Foundations in Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q
  • study of microorganisms
A

Microbiology

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2
Q
  • study of bacteria
    Phycology- the study of algae
A

Bacteriology

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3
Q
  • the study of viruses, and how they function inside cells
A

Virology

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4
Q

-scientist who study microorganisms

A

Microbiologist

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5
Q
  • Study of parasites, their hosts, and the relationship between them
A

Parasitology

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6
Q
  • Study of the immune system, which protects us from infection
A

Immunology

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7
Q

The study of organisms too small to be seen without magnification- microscope
the science (logos) of small (micro) life (bios), or to put it another
(ubiquitous) they are in us, on us, and around us.

A

Microbiology

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8
Q

Estimated ___ different species of microorganisms live on and in us

A

500-1000

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9
Q
  • beneficial microbes to us
A

Indigenous microflora

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10
Q
  • organisms that colonize our bodies
A

Opportunistic pathogens

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11
Q

Subgroups of Microbes we will study:

A

bacteria
viruses
fungi
protozoa
helminths (worms)
Algae

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12
Q

Monera

A

Prokaryotes

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13
Q

Protista
Fungi
Animalia
Plantae

A

Eukaryotes

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14
Q
  • an animal or plant on or in which a parasite or commensal organism lives.
A

Host

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15
Q

BSE meaning

A

(bovine spongiform encephalopathy)

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16
Q

-microscopic, single-celled organisms that thrive in diverse environments. These organisms can live in the soil, the ocean, and inside the human gut.

A

Bacteria

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17
Q

The most common bacterial shapes:

A

Coccus
Coccobacillus
Vibrio
Bacillus
Spirillum
spirochete

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18
Q

is a small infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism.

A

Viruses

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19
Q

what are these caused by?

Anthrax, syphilis, Cholera, whooping cough, tuberculosis, typhoid fever, food poisoning, UTI, diarrhea, meningitis, intoxications

A

bacteria

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20
Q

Streptococcus and Pseudomonas, and foodborne illnesses, which can be caused by ___ such as Shigella, Campylobacter, and Salmonella.

21
Q

Diseases caused by ___
-smallpox
-measles
- mumps
-polio
-varicella-zoster
-Rabies

22
Q
  • are a kingdom of usually multicellular eukaryotic organisms that are heterotrophs (cannot make their own food) and have important roles in nutrient cycling in an ecosystem.
23
Q

study of fungi –

24
Q

Disease caused by ___

-athlete’s foot, jock itch, and ringworm
-yeast infections that cause white patches in the mouth (thrush) or vaginal itching and discharge.
-tinea nigra

25
Fungi cause three different types of human illness:
poisonings, parasitic infections, and allergies.
26
___ is a yeast that causes candidiasis, commonly called a “yeast infection.”
Candida
27
are fungi that cause ringworm. This is a skin infection characterized by a ring-shaped rash.
Trichophyton
28
is when fungi infects the skin between the toes.
Athlete’s feet
29
___ is commonly called a “yeast infection.”
candidiasis
30
caused by airborne, when the spores enter the respiratory tract, the immune system responds to them as though they were harmful microbes. Symptoms may include sneezing, coughing, and difficulty breathing.
Mold allergies
31
-"first animals“ is an informal term for single-celled eukaryotes, either free-living or parasitic, which feed on organic matter such as other microorganisms or organic tissues and debris.
Protozoa
32
___ cause Chagas disease and sleeping sickness.
Trypanosoma protozoa
33
___ cause giardiasis
Giardia protozoa
34
cause malaria.
Plasmodium protozoa
35
- are worm-like parasites that survive by feeding on a living host to gain nourishment and protection, sometimes resulting in illness of the host. These worms and larvae live in the small bowel and are referred to as intestinal parasites.
Helminths
36
(roundworm),
Ascaris lumbricoides
37
(whipworm)
Trichuris trichiura
38
. Ringworm
Necator americanus
39
tapeworm
Ancylostoma duodenale
40
-”eukaryotic”, a diverse group of aquatic organisms that have the ability to conduct photosynthesis(the process of harvesting light energy from the sun to generate carbohydrates).
Algae
41
The ___ (class Dinophyceae) are the most notorious producers of toxins.
dinoflagellates
42
___ poisoning is caused by the neurotoxin saxitoxin
Paralytic shellfish
43
is a disease of humans caused by the consumption of tropical fish that have fed on the alga Gambierdiscus or Ostreopsis.
Ciguatera
44
___ is also believed to be responsible for ulcerative dermatitis in the platypus
Prototheca
45
Paralytic shellfish poisoning is caused by the neurotoxin ___
saxitoxin
46
Branches of Microbiology
Immunology Public health microbiology & epidemiology Food and dairy microbiology- Biotechnology
47
- is technology that utilizes biological systems, living organisms or parts of this to develop or create different products
Biotechnology
48
- study of microorganisms causing food spoilage and food-borne illness.
Food and dairy microbiology
49