Foundations in Microbiology Flashcards
- study of microorganisms
Microbiology
- study of bacteria
Phycology- the study of algae
Bacteriology
- the study of viruses, and how they function inside cells
Virology
-scientist who study microorganisms
Microbiologist
- Study of parasites, their hosts, and the relationship between them
Parasitology
- Study of the immune system, which protects us from infection
Immunology
The study of organisms too small to be seen without magnification- microscope
the science (logos) of small (micro) life (bios), or to put it another
(ubiquitous) they are in us, on us, and around us.
Microbiology
Estimated ___ different species of microorganisms live on and in us
500-1000
- beneficial microbes to us
Indigenous microflora
- organisms that colonize our bodies
Opportunistic pathogens
Subgroups of Microbes we will study:
bacteria
viruses
fungi
protozoa
helminths (worms)
Algae
Monera
Prokaryotes
Protista
Fungi
Animalia
Plantae
Eukaryotes
- an animal or plant on or in which a parasite or commensal organism lives.
Host
BSE meaning
(bovine spongiform encephalopathy)
-microscopic, single-celled organisms that thrive in diverse environments. These organisms can live in the soil, the ocean, and inside the human gut.
Bacteria
The most common bacterial shapes:
Coccus
Coccobacillus
Vibrio
Bacillus
Spirillum
spirochete
is a small infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism.
Viruses
what are these caused by?
Anthrax, syphilis, Cholera, whooping cough, tuberculosis, typhoid fever, food poisoning, UTI, diarrhea, meningitis, intoxications
bacteria
Streptococcus and Pseudomonas, and foodborne illnesses, which can be caused by ___ such as Shigella, Campylobacter, and Salmonella.
bacteria
Diseases caused by ___
-smallpox
-measles
- mumps
-polio
-varicella-zoster
-Rabies
Virus
- are a kingdom of usually multicellular eukaryotic organisms that are heterotrophs (cannot make their own food) and have important roles in nutrient cycling in an ecosystem.
Fungi
study of fungi –
Mycology
Disease caused by ___
-athlete’s foot, jock itch, and ringworm
-yeast infections that cause white patches in the mouth (thrush) or vaginal itching and discharge.
-tinea nigra
fungi
Fungi cause three different types of human illness:
poisonings, parasitic infections, and allergies.
___ is a yeast that causes candidiasis, commonly called a “yeast infection.”
Candida
are fungi that cause ringworm. This is a skin infection characterized by a ring-shaped rash.
Trichophyton
is when fungi infects the skin between the toes.
Athlete’s feet
___ is commonly called a “yeast infection.”
candidiasis
caused by airborne, when the spores enter the respiratory tract, the immune system responds to them as though they were harmful microbes.
Symptoms may include sneezing, coughing, and difficulty breathing.
Mold allergies
-“first animals“ is an informal term for single-celled eukaryotes, either free-living or parasitic, which feed on organic matter such as other microorganisms or organic tissues and debris.
Protozoa
___ cause Chagas disease and sleeping sickness.
Trypanosoma protozoa
___ cause giardiasis
Giardia protozoa
cause malaria.
Plasmodium protozoa
- are worm-like parasites that survive by feeding on a living host to gain nourishment and protection, sometimes resulting in illness of the host.
These worms and larvae live in the small bowel and are referred to as intestinal parasites.
Helminths
(roundworm),
Ascaris lumbricoides
(whipworm)
Trichuris trichiura
.
Ringworm
Necator americanus
tapeworm
Ancylostoma duodenale
-”eukaryotic”, a diverse group of aquatic organisms that have the ability to conduct photosynthesis(the process of harvesting light energy from the sun to generate carbohydrates).
Algae
The ___ (class Dinophyceae) are the most notorious producers of toxins.
dinoflagellates
___ poisoning is caused by the neurotoxin saxitoxin
Paralytic shellfish
is a disease of humans caused by the consumption of tropical fish that have fed on the alga Gambierdiscus or Ostreopsis.
Ciguatera
___ is also believed to be responsible for ulcerative dermatitis in the platypus
Prototheca
Paralytic shellfish poisoning is caused by the neurotoxin ___
saxitoxin
Branches of Microbiology
Immunology
Public health microbiology & epidemiology
Food and dairy microbiology-
Biotechnology
- is technology that utilizes biological systems, living organisms or parts of this to develop or create different products
Biotechnology
- study of microorganisms causing food spoilage and food-borne illness.
Food and dairy microbiology
