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AP Psychology > Foundations: History > Flashcards

Foundations: History Flashcards

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1
Q

Psychology

A

The study of behavior and the mind

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2
Q

Behavior

A

Observable actions of a person or an animal

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3
Q

Mind

A

The sensations, memories, motives, emotions, thoughts, and other subjected phenomena particular to an individual or animal that are not readily observed

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4
Q

Dualism

A

Divides the world and all things in it into two parts: body and spirt

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5
Q

Brain

A

Command center of the central nervous system

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6
Q

Empiricism

A

The acquisition of truth through observing and experiences

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7
Q

Tabula rasa (blank slate)

A

Humans are born knowing nothing

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8
Q

Materialism

A

The belief that only things that exist are matter and energy

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9
Q

Natural selection

A

All creatures have evolved into their present state over long periods of time

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10
Q

Structuralism

A

Looking for patters in thought, which are illuminated through interviews with a subject describing his or her conscious experience

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11
Q

Functionalism

A

Seeks to understand how the mind functions

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12
Q

Biological psychology approach

A

Field of psychology that seeks to understand the interactions between anatomy/physiology and behavior

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13
Q

Behavior genetics approach

A

The field of psychology that explores how particular behaviors may be attributed to specific, genetically based psychological characteristics

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14
Q

Behavioralist approach

A

Psychology is the study of behavior

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15
Q

Classical conditioning

A

Basic form of learning in which a behavior comes to be elicited by a formerly neutral stimulus

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16
Q

Operant conditioning

A

Subjects learn to associate a behavior with an environmental outcome

17
Q

Cognitive approach

A

The idea that to understand people’s behavior, we must first understand how they think

18
Q

Humanistic approach

A

The philosophical tradition of studying the roles of consciousness, free will, and awareness of the human condition

19
Q

Self-actualization

A

The news for individuals to reach their full potential in a creative way

20
Q

Psychoanalytic/psychodynamic approach

A

Our behaviors and mental processes are influenced by our past experiences

21
Q

Sociocultural approach

A

The environment a person lives in has a great deal to do with how the person behaves and how other perceive that behavior

22
Q

Evolutionary approach

A

Behavior can be explained in terms of how adaptive that behavior is to our survival

23
Q

Biopsychosocial approach

A

Emphasizes the need to investigate the interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors in contributing to a behavior or a mental process

AP Psychology (13 decks)

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