Clinical Psychology: Disorders Flashcards
Disordered behavior
- Unusual
- Maladaptive
- Labeled as abnormal by society
- Perceptual or cognitive dysfunction
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
The APA’s handbook for identifying and classifying behavioral disorders
Neurodevelopmental
The developing brain
Intellectual disability
Deleted development in general mental abilities
Autism spectrum disorder
Manifests in early childhood development; social communication deficits (verbal and nonverbal)
ADHD
Patterned inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity
Schizophrenia
“Split brain”
Delusions
Beliefs that are not based in reality
Hallucinations
Perceptions that are not based in reality, such as seeing things or hearing voices that are not there
Disorganized thinking
A person may switch from one topic to another in illogical fashion
Positive symptom
Something that a person has that typical people do not
Negative symptom
Something that typical people do have, but that one does not have
Bipolar disorders
Movement between two poles: depressive stances and manic states
Depressive disorders
The presentes of a sad, empty, or irritable mood, combined with changes in thinking and bodily functioning that significantly impar one’s ability to function
Anxiolytics
Anti-anxiety medications
Panic disorder
An anxiety disorder characterized by recurring pánica attacks
Generalized anxiety disorder
An anxiety disorder characterized by an almost constant state of autonomic nervous system arousal and feelings of dread and worry
Phobias
Persistent, irrational fears
Agoraphobia
The fear of being in open spaces, public spaces, or other places from which escape is perceived to be difficult
OCD
Involuntary, persistent thoughts of obsessions, as well as compulsions, or repetitive behaviors that are time consuming and maladaptive, that an individual believes will prevent a particular outcome
PTSD
Intrusive thoughts or dreams related to the trauma, irritability, avoidance of situations that might recall the traumatic event, sleep disturbances, diminished interest in formally pleasurable events, and social withdrawal
Dissociative amnesia
An inability to recall life events that goes dar beyond forgetting
Dissociative identity disorder
Person reporting to have more than one personality
Somatic symptom disorder
Bodily symptoms combined with disorders thoughts, feelings, and/or behaviors connected to these symptoms
Illness anxiety disorder
One worries excessively about the possibility of falling ill
Conversion disorder
Bodily symptoms like changed motor function over changed sensory information that are incompatible with neurological explanations
Fictitious disorder
An individual knowingly falsifies symptoms in order to get medical care, or sympathy or aid from others
Cluster A
Paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal personality disorders
Cluster B
Antisocial, borderline, histrionic, and narcissistic personality disorders
Cluster C
Avoidant, dependent, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders
