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Master Somm 2023 > Fortified Wines > Flashcards

Fortified Wines Flashcards

1
Q

What is Mistelle, name 3 examples?

A

It is a fortified grape juice, where grape spirit is added to unfermented grape juice, such as Ratafia in Champagne, Floc de Gascogne in Armagnac or Pineau de Charante in Cognac.

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2
Q

Which year was port first demarcated?

A

1756

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3
Q

What does IVDP stand for in Port?

A

Instituto dos Vinhos do Douro e Porto

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4
Q

What does “lei do terço” mean

A

“Law of the third” the restricting sales of port to only 1 third of production of port house per year

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5
Q

How many points are available on the port scale?

A

2361

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6
Q

Name the category and associated points for the port scale.

A

A = 1200+
B = 1001 - 1200
through to I

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7
Q

Name max hl/ha for red and white grapes in Port.

A

Red = 55hl
white = 65hl

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8
Q

What means Moreira do Fonseca Method?

A

12 point criteria of evaluation of a vineyard:
location, altitude, exposure, bedrock, rough matter, slope and shelter
type of vine, planting density, yield, training system, and vine age

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9
Q

Name the 3 planting methods for Port.

A

Socalcos - old tight terraces
Patamares - Terraces managed by tractor
Vinhos ao Alta - Vine rows leading direct up slope

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10
Q

Name the French term for fortification.

A

Mutage

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11
Q

What means Beneficio?

A

fortification of wine with spirits in Douro.

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12
Q

Translation of Aguardente

A

burning water

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13
Q

What abv can Port be fortified to ?

A

19-22%abv

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14
Q

What size are Pipes in Douro and Vila Nova de Gaia?

A

Douro: 550L
VNGaia: 620L

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15
Q

What significe Envelhecido em Garrafa?

A

Unfiltered LBV indicating a min of another 3 yrs bottle aging

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16
Q

What is the name of the famous ungrafted Vinyard of Quinta do Noval and how big is it?

A

Nacional 2ha

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17
Q

What was the voyage called Madeira was taken on?

A

Torna Viagem - Round trip

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18
Q

What means Torna Viagem and what is it used for?

A

Round trip Madeira wine was taken on to age wines. repeated heating and cooling

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19
Q

What are Poios?

A

Basalt stone walls on Madeira

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20
Q

What relates to IVBMA to?

A

Institut of Wine, Embroidery and Handcraft of Madeira

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20
Q

Name the 8 Companies of Madeira.

A

Vinhos Justino henriques
Madeira Wine Company
Henriques & Henriques
HMBorges
Vinhos Barbeitos
Madeira Vintners
Faria & Filhos
Pereira d’Oliveira

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20
Q

When was Madeira Wine Company formed?

A

1913

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21
Q

Which year was Tinta Negra upgraded to appear on Label?

A

2015

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22
Q

Name the Island belonging to Madeira.

A

Porto Santo

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23
Q

What is the RS for Esgana Cão?

A

18-65g/l Sercial Dry Madeira

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24
Q

What is the RS for Verdelho?

A

Med Dry = 49 - 78 g/l RS

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25
Q

What is the RS for Boal?

A

Med Sweet = 78 - 96g/l RS

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26
Q

What is the RS of Malmsey?

A

Sweet = 96 - 135g/l RS

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27
Q

Definition Rainwater

A

Light Madeira made mostly from Tinta Negra.

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28
Q

What are special aging requirements from Special Reserve madeira?

A

Min 10yrs or older >15yrs
often single noble variety
Canteiro Method

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29
Q

Define Solera in Madeira production.

A

Fraction Blending
max 10% drawn off annually
Solera topped up with old wines not young

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30
Q

Give the other 2 names Vinho da Torna can be called?

A

Vinho da Roda
Vinho da Volta

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31
Q

Definition of Colheita in Madeira.

A

min 85% from a single vintage stated
aged 5yrs
may be a blend of single varietals

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32
Q

What is the name of the Pergola System in Madeira?

A

Latadas

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33
Q

What is the name of the water channels in Madeira

A

Levadas

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34
Q

What is a Partidista and where is this term used?

A

A person that stores wines and sell it at maturity in Madeira, ie Pereira d’Oliveira

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35
Q

How warm and long for is the min production of the Estufagem process?

A

min 45-50°C heated for 3 months

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36
Q

What means Estagio?

A

The rest period of 90 days after Estufagem process before the wines go into cask

37
Q

Aging requirements for Madeiras made by Estufa system?

A

may not be released up until 2yrs after harvest

38
Q

What is ‘Armazenz de Calor ‘

A

Room heated by tanks or Pipes = gentler way of Estufagem Process

39
Q

Aging requirements for Canteiro

A

min 2 yrs in cask in lodge attics
bottled at min 3yrs of age
often aged 20+ ‘Frasqueiras’

40
Q

Which is the largest Pago in Jerez and how big is it?

A

Macharnudo of 2000acres

41
Q

Which river flows through the Region of Jerez?

A

Guadalquivir

42
Q

Name the towns allowed to age Sherry in Spain?

A

Originals
Jerez de la Frontera
El Puerto de Santa Maria
Sanlucar de Barrameda

added since 2022
Chipiona
Chiclana de la Frontera
Lebrija

Puerto Real
Rota

Trebujena
San Jose de Valle

43
Q

What is the traditional training system im Jerez called?

A

vara y pulgar (single guyot like)

44
Q

Name 7 authorised grape varieties to produce dry sherry.

A

Palomino
Beba
Cañocazo
Mantuo de Pilas
Mantuo Castellano
Perruno
Vigiriega

45
Q

Name 5 Pagos of Jerez.

A

Macharnudo
Carrascal
Maína
Balbaína
Miraflores

46
Q

What is the term used for fortification in Jerez?

A

Mitad y Mitad

47
Q

Can Sherry be unfortified?

A

Yes since 2021 regulations have been changed to allow wines that naturally reach min abv for Sherry, ie 15%/17% do not need to be fortifed under DO regulations.

48
Q

What is the name of the common yeast strain causing the film forming flor on biological aged Sherries?

A

Saccharomyces Beticus

49
Q

How much is min must weight for PX before bottling?

50
Q

What is the minimum age of Fino Viejo?

51
Q

What is the min age of Manzanilla or Fino?

52
Q

What is Palo Cortado?

A

A rare fortified wine starting under flor, but much less than Amontillado and so more Glycerol is preserved = more body and richness, then oxidative aged.

53
Q

Name the 3 types of soils found in Jerez and what are they?

A

Albariza = chalk
Barros = Clay
Arenas = Sand

54
Q

What means VOS on a bottle of Sherry?

A

Vinum Optimum Signatum/Very Old Sherry min 20yrs + aging (single barrels)

55
Q

What means VORS on a bottle of Sherry?

A

Vinum Optimum Rare Signatum/Very old rare Sherry min 30yrs aging

56
Q

What does the terms 12yrs and 15yrs mean on a bottle of Sherry?

A

the whole Solera is aged for that amount of years.

57
Q

Who invented the Autovinifier and what does it?

A

Algerian invention - it pushes juice by natural internal pressure up to spray on top of the vinification cap.

58
Q

Name Single Quintas of:
1. Quinta do Noval
2. Niepoort
3. Kopke - 1638

A

”
1.Quinta do Passadouro”
“
2.Quinta Napoles
2. Quinta do Carril”
“
3.Quinta do Sao Luiz”

59
Q

Name Single Quintas of:
1. Warre
2. Grahams
3. Cockburn

A

”
Quinta Cavadinha”
“
Quinta dos Malvedos 1890
Quinta do Tua”
“
Quinta dos Canais”

60
Q

Name Single Quintas of Ramos Pinto?

A

“Quinta da Urtiga
Quinta do Bom Retiro
Quinta do Evamoira”

61
Q

Name Single Quintas of Taylor Flatgate?

A

Quinta de Vargellas
Quinta de Terra Feita
Quinta do Junco”

62
Q

Name Single Quintas of Dows.

A

”
Quinta do Bomfim
Quinta do Senhora da Ribiero”

63
Q

Name Single Quintas of Croft & Sandeman.

A

”
Quinta dos Roeda”
“
Quinta do Seixo”

64
Q

What are the declared Port Vintages in 2000s?

A

2000,’03’07’11

65
Q

What are the best Vintages in the 90’s?

A

‘91’92, ‘94 (best) ‘95, ‘97

66
Q

What is the name of the special tulip shaped glass Sherry is traditionally served in?

67
Q

What is the Training system called in Jerez?

A

Vara y Pulgar

68
Q

What is the required RS for dry and medium style Sherry?

A

dry = 4g/l (was 5g/l until 2021)
medium = 50g/l (was45g/l)

69
Q

What is an Almacenista?

A

A farmer storing and selling wines at maturity in Jerez

70
Q

What are the aging requirements for Garrafeira Port and when was it established?

A

min 4-8yrs in cask - oxidative
min 15yrs in demijohns - reductive
officially controlled since 2021, but produced since 1931 by Niepoorts

71
Q

Who belong the following quintas to?”
2.Quinta Napoles
2. Quinta do Carril”

72
Q

Who belong the following quintas to?
1.Quinta de Vargellas
2.Quinta de Terra Feita
3.Quinta do Junco”

A

Taylor Flatgate

73
Q

Who belong the following quintas to?
Quinta da Urtiga
Quinta do Bom Retiro
Quinta do Evamoira”

A

Ramos Pinto

74
Q

Who belong the following quintas to?”
Quinta do Bomfim
Quinta do Senhora da Ribiero”

75
Q

What is the translation of aguardente?

A

Burning Water

76
Q

Where can you find the following subzones?
Santa Cruz
Santana
Ponta do Sol

A

Madeira Island

77
Q

Where is the term Mosto Cotto used?

A

cooked must sweetened Marsala

78
Q

What is a Mistelle made of overripe grapes called in Masala?

79
Q

Name the 3 red varieties to produce Rubino and what is it?

A

Perricone
Calabrese (Nero d’Avola)
Nerello Mascalese
Marsala, fortified wine from Sicily

80
Q

What are the residual sugar levels in Marsala of following:
Secco
Semi Secco
Dulce

A

Secco = min 40g/l
Semi Secco = min 40 - 100g/l
Dulce = min 100g/l

81
Q

What are the aging requirements in Marsala, name and time in Oak required?

A

Fine = 1yrs
Superiore = 2yrs
Superiore Riserva = 4yrs

Vergine = 5yrs (secco only)
Vergine Stravecchio = min 10yrs

Solera min 5yrs
Vintage = refers to year of fortification

82
Q

Who produces Vecchio Samperi and what is it?

A

Wine from Marsala released without fortification by Mario de Bartoli.

83
Q

Which year was Marsala first manufactured and by whom?

A

1773 by John Woodhouse

84
Q

Best Port Vintage in 2010th ?

A

2011, 2016, 2017

85
Q

What is the min abv for grape spirit in Madeira?

86
Q

What styles can have the term 50yrs old and since what year is it authorised?

A

White Port & Tawny Port
since 2022

87
Q

What is the residual sugar for Cream Sherry?

A

115g - 140g/l

88
Q

What are the white grapes authorised in Marsala?

A

Grillo, Inzolia (Ansonica) = preferre grapes +
Catarratto, and Damaschino = higher yielding

89
Q

How much Sherry can you make from 100kg of grapes?

90
Q

What is the term for the first must of Sherry ?

A

primera yema = free run juice 60-70% of total

91
Q

name the 3 pressing before sherry fermentation.

A

pimera yema = free run juice
segunda yema = press wine
mosto prensa = poor wine for distillation

Master Somm 2023 (46 decks)

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