Fortifed wines Flashcards by Laura Otey

What islands can the Maderia DOP be made on?

Madeira
Porto Santo

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What are Poios

Terraces made from walls of basalt stone

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What are latadas

low trellised pergolas that help combat fungal disease in the subtropical enviroments

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Levadas

canals that collect rainfall from high altitude making agriculture possible on this island

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Is hand harvesting or mechanical used in Madeira

hand harvesting, mechanical isnt posisble

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What is the regulating body of Madeira

Wine, Embroidery and Handicraft Institute of Madeira

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What are the three types of companies in Maderia?

Production
Shipping
Partidisatas

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What are Production Companies

Madeira

Make wine and sell wine
8 companies, 6 exporting

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The 8 production companies

Madeira

Vinhos Justino Hernriques
Madeira Wine Company
Henriques & Henriques
HM Borges
D’Oliveira
Vinhos Barbeito
Faria & Filhos
Madeira Vintners

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Who is the largest production company?

Madeira

Justino Henriques

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What is the second largest production company

Madeira

Madeira wine comapny

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Who is the largest independent production company that owns their own vines

Madeira

Henriques & Henriques

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What are Shipping Companies

Madeira

They trade wine rather than make it
Usually based in london
Select wines from producers, bottle under their own brand

Broadbent Selections

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What are Partidistas

Madeira

Store wine and sell it at maturity to other traders

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Nobel grapes in Madeira from sweetest to dryest

Malmsey/Mavasia
Boal
Verdelho
Sercial

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What grape makes up 85% of the production of Madeira

Tinta Negra

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What are the label laws around Tinta Negra

Madeira

Must contain 85% the grape, 100% if it is vintaged

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What is Rainwater

Madeira

100% Tintal Negra, light style

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What is Solera Madeira

Fractional blending
Canteiro method
Max 10% can be pulled each year
Bottled with the start date of the solera

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What is Seleccionado

Madeira

Blended wine that is 3-5 years old
Dominated by Tinta Negra
Made Estufagem

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Laws around Reserva Madeira

5-10 years old

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Laws around Special Reserva Madeira

10-15 years old
Single Variety
Canteiro method

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Laws around Extra Reserve Madeira

15-20 years old

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What is Colheita Madeira

Single Vintage
Aged for 5 years before bottling
Blended or Single Varity
Offers vintage without the price

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What is Fransqueira Madeira

Min 20 years in Cask Canteiro method Single Nobel Variety Can age in glass demijons

What is Vinho de Roda/ Vinho da Torno/ Vinho da Volta and who is the major producer | Madeira

wines that go across the equator Shortridge Lawton (MaderiaWine Co)

Which style of Madira is best with cheese and dessert

Malvasia

Which style of Madira is best for an aperitif

Sercial

What is Madira made with

96% ABV grape spirit imported from France

What is a estufa

stainless steel vat with coils to warm the wines

Describe the Estufagem process

Wines in the Estafua are warmed to 113-122F and held for 3 months Rest for 90 days Transffered to a cask Released for 2 years after harvest

What is Armazen de Calor

Delicate variation of Estufagem Rooms warmed by steam pipes/tanks, no direct heat Maderia Wine Co uses this Lower temps over a long period of time

Describe the Canteiro process

Reserved for best wines Wines are aged for 2 years min in cask in attics Prevents burnt caramelization of sugar bottled at a min of 3 years

What is the capital of Madeira

Funchal

What is the hottest region in Spain

Jerez

What city marks the southeastern border and the triangle

Chiclana de la Frontera

The three towns of production of Sherry

Jerez de la Frontera El Puerto de Santa Maria Sanlucar de Barrameda

The Two DO zones of Sherry

Jerez Xeres Sherry Manzanilla Sanlucar de Barrameda

What are the winds in Sherry

Levante, hot dry Poniente, humid, cooling

Which wind helps develop the flor

Poniente

The three soil types in Sherry

Albariza Barros Arenas

Which soil type is the best

Albariza

What are the big three grapes

Palomino Pedro Ximenez Moscatel

What is the other name for Palomino

Listan

What are the sub varieties of Palomino

Palomino Fino Palomino de Jerez

Which grape is allowed to be imported from Montailla-Moriles | Sherry

Pedro Ximenez

What is the training system of Sherry

Vara y Pulgar | pruning alternate spurs each year

What are the max yeilds of Jerez

80hl/ha

What are the three divisions of the Must in Sherry

Primera Yema Segunda Yema Mosto Prensa

Is the must acidified in Sherry?

Yes, Palomino is a low acid grape

Which wines are Biologicially aged

Fino Manzanilla Amontillado

What conditions require the flor to develop

Humid air 60-70F No sugar 15% alcohol

Different types of Manzanilla

Manzanilla Fina (similar to fino) Manzanilla Pasada (loose the flor) Manzanilla Anada

What is Palma Cortada

Robust Fino, can become Amontillado | Sobretables (rest)

What is Dos Rays

Flor has disappeared with high VA Normally blended and sweetened

What part of the must does Oloroso use?

Segunda Yema

What is the alcohol of Oloroso?

17-22%

What is the Alcohol of Biologically aged Sherry

15-17%

What are the sweeting agents used in Sherry

Dulce Pasa Dulce de Almibar Mistela

What is Dulce pasa made from

sunned palomino grapes

What is VOS Sherry

Very old Sherry Solera of over 20 years every Liter drawn, 20 must remain

What is VORS

Very Old Rare Sherry solera, 30 years old for every 1 liter pulled, 30 remain

Which is warmer- Jerez de la Frontera or Sanlucar de Barrameda

Jerez de la Frontera can be 20F higher in the summer

The subregion between Sanlucar de Barrameda and Guadalete River contains 80% of the vines

Jerez Superior

Largest Pago in Jerez

Macharnudo

The two grapes primarily used to sweetning Sherry

Moscatel Pedro Ximenez

Base wine of sherry is what alcohol

11-12.5%

Barrels of sherry marked with a vertical slash are this:

Palo- fortified to 15-15.5% and are destined to become delicate Fino or Manzanilla

Sherry barrels marked with a circle mean this

gordura- fortified to 17-18% destined to become Oloroso Sherry

Movements in the solera levels are called

Trasiegos

What does generoso mean in Sherry?

Dry wine directly from the solera

Who has trademarked almacenistas

Lustau purchase young wines, age them and sell the wines to shippers at maturation

What three region names are protected by the EU

Sherry, Port, Champagne

What is Lei do terco

Law of the third restricting sales of Port to 1/3rs of the hosues total inventory annually

What is the Beneficio authorization

The max amount of wines that can be foritifed in a given year Based of 12Moreira da Fonseca (Points) Each factor has a min-max point score 2361 points to get Graded A-I

What are the two categories of the Moreira da Fonseca

7soil/climate- location, altitude, exposure, bedrock, rough matter, slope, shelter 5 vine- type of vine, platning density, yield, training system, vine age

Max yields for Red/White

Red- 55hl/ha White- 65 hl/ha

What are the big Red Grapes of Port?

Touriga Nacional, Touriga Francesa, Tinta Roriz

What are the big white grapes of Port?

Gouveio, Malvasia Fina, Viosinho

What are Patamares

terraces that are wider and able to be navigated by tractor

What are Lagares

low open granite tradtionally used

Autovinifiers are?

fermenting containers that use the wines own gas to pump over

How long is the fermentation in Port

2-3 days