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Skeletal Anatomy > Foot > Flashcards

Foot Flashcards

1
Q

Talus

A

Second largest of the tarsals

forms the lower member of the talocrural joint

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2
Q

Talus: Head

A

rounded, convex, distal articular surface of the talus

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3
Q

Talus: body

A

squarish bulk of the bone posterior to the taller neck

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4
Q

Talus: trochlea

A

saddle shaped articular surface of the body

its sides are the lateral and medial malleolar surfaces which articulate with the fibula and tibia respectively

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5
Q

Talus: neck

A

connects the head of the talus to the body
Occasionally there are small articular facets (squatters’ facets) formed by contact with the anterior surface of the distal tibia

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6
Q

Talus: groove for flexor hallucinations longus

A

short, nearly vertical groove on the posterior surface of the taller body

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7
Q

Talus: calcanea or subtalar articular surfaces

A

on the inferior aspect of the talus are usually three in number and variable in shape

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8
Q

Talus: sulcus tali

A

deep groove between the posterior and the middle calcanea articular surfaces

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9
Q

Talus: positional siding

A

head is medial when viewed from above and aligns with the hallux

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10
Q

Calcaneus

A

heel bone
largest of the tarsal bones and largest bone in the foot
located inferior to the talus and articulates anteriorly (distally) with the cuboid

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11
Q

Calcaneus: calcanea tuber

A

large, blunt, nonartciular, posterior process of the heel

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12
Q

Calcaneus: lateral and medial processes

A

on the plantar portion of the calcanea tuberosity

lateral process much smaller than the medial

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13
Q

Calcaneus: sustentaculum tali

A

the shelf on the medial side of the calcaneus

supports the talar head

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14
Q

Calcaneus: sustentacular sulcus (groove)

A

just inferior to the sustentaculcum is a pronounced groove

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15
Q

Calcaneus: fibular (peroneal) tubercle

A

rounded projection low on the lateral surface of the calcanea body

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16
Q

Calcaneus: positional siding

A

with the heel away from you and the articular surface up, the shelf projects to the side from which the bone comes

17
Q

Cuboid

A

sits on the lateral side of the foot sandwiched between the calcaneus and the fourth and fifth metatarsals
recognised by its large size and projecting, pointed, proximal articular surface
Most cube-shaped of the foot bones

18
Q

Cuboid: positional siding

A

look directly at the flat nonarticular surface

With the cancaneal facet toward you, the tuberosity projects laterally on the side from which the bone comes

19
Q

Navicular

A

strongly concave proximal surface that articulates with the head of the talus
On the distal surface the navicular has a large facet divided by two ridges

20
Q

Cuboid: tuberosity

A

large tuberosity on the inferolateral surface of the bone

21
Q

Navicular: tubercle

A

large, blunt projection on the medial side of the bone

22
Q

Navicular: positional siding

A

hold the bone by the base of the tubercle, with the concave articular surface facing you and the flat nonarticular side up
the tip of the tubercle points toward the side from which the bone comes

23
Q

Medial (first) cuneiform

A

articulates with the navicular
less wedge-shaped than the other cuneiforms and is distinguished by the kidney-shaped facet for the base of the first metatarsal

24
Q

Medial cuneiform: positional siding

A

place the large kidney-shaped articular surface away from you and orient its long axis vertically with the smaller more concave navicular facet toward you
With the bone resting on its blunter end the only other facet is near the top and faces toward the side from which the bone comes

25
Q

Intermediate (second) cuneiform

A

smallest of the three cuneiforms
located between navicular and second metatarsal
articulates with the first and third cuneiforms

26
Q

Lateral (third) cuneiform

A

intermediate in size between the other cuneiforms

Medially it contacts the intermediate cuneiform, laterally the cuboid, and proximally the navicular

27
Q

Lateral cuneiform: positional siding

A

place the flat, nonarticular surface up (wedge down) with the smaller end facet toward you
The Africa shaped facet is away from you
the longest boundary of the upper surface is on the side from which the bone comes

28
Q

First Metatarsal (M1)

A

shortest but most massive metatarsal

29
Q

M1 siding

A

the basal facet has a convex medial profile and a straight lateral profile

30
Q

M2

A

longest and narrowest metatarsal

two lateral facets at the base

31
Q

M2 siding

A

most proximal point on the base is lateral to the main shaft axis

32
Q

M3

A

similar to M2
its base has two medial basal facets that are smaller than M2 lateral facets
The lateral facet is single and large
Base is squarer and there is a large, bulging tubercle distal to the lateral articular facet

33
Q

M3 siding

A

most proximal point on the base is lateral to the main shaft axis

34
Q

M4

A

shorter than M2 or M3
single medial and lateral basal facets
the proximal facet for the cuboid is fairly oval

35
Q

M4 siding

A

most proximal point on the base is lateral to the main shaft axis

36
Q

M5

A

bears a styloid process, a distinctive, blunt, nonarticular basal projection that projects proximally

37
Q

M5 siding

A

the styloid process is lateral

groove on the base of the tubercle is inferior

38
Q

Phalanges: siding

A

head is distal and the base is proximal

dorsal phalangeal shaft surfaces are smooth and straight, whereas the plantar surfaces are more irregular and curved

39
Q

Intermediate (second) cuneiform: positional siding

A

place the flat, nonarticular surface up and the concave facet away from you
The outline of the superior surface is a square whose most projecting corner points towards the side from which the bone comes

Skeletal Anatomy (16 decks)

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