Femur

Question 1

Femur

Answer 1

longest, heaviest and strongest bone in the body

Question 2

head

Answer 2

rounded proximal part of the bone that fits into the acetabulum
it constitutes more of a sphere than the hemispherical head of the humerus

Question 3

fovea capitis

Answer 3

small, nonarticular depression near the centre of the head of the femur

Question 4

neck

Answer 4

connects the head with the shaft

Question 5

greater trochanter

Answer 5

large, blunt, nonarticular prominence on the lateral, proximal part of the femur

Question 6

interochanteric line

Answer 6

is a variable, fairly vertical, roughened line that passes between the lesser and greater trochanters on the anterior surface of the base of the neck of the femur

Question 7

trochanteric fossa

Answer 7

is the pit excavated into the posteromedial wall of the greater trochanter

Question 8

obturator externes groove

Answer 8

shallow depression aligned laterally and superiorly across the posterior surface of the femoral neck

Question 9

lesser trochanter

Answer 9

the blunt, prominent tubercle on the posterior femoral surface just inferior to the point where the neck joins the shaft

Question 10

intertrochanteric crest

Answer 10

elevated line on the posterior surface of the proximal femur between the greater and lesser trochanters

Question 11

gluteal line/tuberosity

Answer 11

long, wide, roughened, posterolaterally placed feature that extends from the base of the greater trochanter to the lip of the line aspera
It can be a depression or is a true tuberosity (third trochanter)

Question 12

spiral line

Answer 12

spiraling inferior to the lesser trochanter, connects the inferior end of the intertrochanteric line with the medial lip of the line aspera

Question 13

pectineal line

Answer 13

short, curved line that passes inferolaterally from the base of the lesser trochanter, between the spiral line and gluteal tuberosity

Question 14

femoral shaft

Answer 14

the long section between the expanded proximal and distal ends of the bone

Question 15

linea aspera

Answer 15

the long, wide, roughened, elevated ridge that runs along the posterior shaft surface

Question 16

nutrient foramen

Answer 16

located about mid shaft level on the posterior surface of the bone, adjacent to or on the line aspera

Question 17

medial supracondylar line (ridge)

Answer 17

the inferior, medial extension of the linea aspera marking the distal, medial corner of the shaft
fainter than the lateral supracondylar line

Question 18

lateral supracondylar line (ridge)

Answer 18

is the inferior (distal) lateral extension of the line aspera
More pronounced than medial supracondylar line

Question 19

popliteal surface

Answer 19

the wide, flat, triangular area of the posterior, distal femur

Question 20

lateral condyle

Answer 20

the large, protruding articular knob on the lateral side of the distal femur

Question 21

lateral epicondyle

Answer 21

is the convexity on the lateral side of the lateral condyle

Question 22

popliteal groove

Answer 22

a smooth, hollow on the posterolateral side of the lateral condyle

Question 23

medial condyle

Answer 23

the large, articular knob on the medial side of the distal femur
Its medial surface bulges away from the axis of the shaft
Extends more distally than the lateral condyle

Question 24

medial epicondyle

Answer 24

the convexity on the medial side of the medial condyle

Question 25

adductor tubercle

Answer 25

variable, raised tubercle on the medial supracondylar ridge just superior to the medial epicondyle

Question 26

intercondylar fossa/notch

Answer 26

the nonarticular, excavated surface between the distal and posterior articular surfaces of the condyles

Question 27

patellar surface

Answer 27

a notched articular area on the anterior surface of the distal femur
the lateral surface of this notch is elevated, projecting more anteriorly than the medial boundary fo the notch

Question 28

Siding: intact femora/proximal ends

Answer 28

head is proximal and faces medially

the lesser trochanter and linea aspera are posterior

Question 29

Siding: isolated femoral heads

Answer 29

the fovea is medial and displaced posteriorly and inferiorly
the posteroinferior head-neck junction is more deeply excavated than the anterosuperior junction

Question 30

Siding: proximal femoral shafts

Answer 30

the nutrient foramen opens distally and the linea aspera is posterior and thins inferiorly
the gluteal tuberosity is superior and faces posterolaterally

Question 31

Siding: femoral midshafts

Answer 31

the nutrient foramen opens distally, the bone widens distally and the lateral posterior surface is usually more concave than the medial posterior surface

Question 32

Siding: distal femoral shafts

Answer 32

the shaft widens distally, and the lateral supracondylar ridge is more prominent than the medial
the medial condyle extends more distally than the lateral

Question 33

Siding: femoral distal ends

Answer 33

the intercondylar notch is posterior and distal and the lateral boarder of the patellar notch is more elevated
the lateral condyle bears the popliteal groove and the medial condyle bulges away form the line of the shaft