Fluids Flashcards
What are some lab test you can do to determine dehydration levels
Packed cell volume, total protein, urine specific gravity
What is a conservative blood volume
50 ml/kg
What is the shock fluid rate
80-90ml/kg in the first hour
What is the maintenance rate for small dogs and large dogs
60ml/kg for small dogs and
40ml/kg for large dogs
What makes intracellular fluid different
The dissolved ions
At 5% dehydration what are the clinical signs
Loss of skin elasticity
At 8% dehydration what is the clinical sign
Noticeable delay in return of skin to normal position. Slight increase in capillary refill time. Dry mucous membranes
I 12% dehydration what are the clinical signs
Skin remains tented. Continued increase in capillary refill time. Eyes are sunken in their Orbits. Tachycardia and weak pulse
What are crystalloid fluid solutions considered
Contain electrolytes and nonelectrolyte substances capable of passing through cell membranes. Considered replacement or maintenance solutions
What is special about saline in terms of contraindications
Do not use with animals in cases of known heart disease.
What are lactated ringer’s used for
To prevent against acidosis
Why do not give dextrose subcutaneously
Because it causes tissue sloughing
What are colloid solution is used for
For expansion of the plasma volume in the treatment of patients with hypovolemic or septic shock
What are three examples of natural colloids
Fresh frozen plasma, plasma, whole blood
What components are necessary for determining the amount of fluid to administer
The hydration deficit, the maintenance requirement, the ongoing losses
