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Pharmacology > Anti Cancer Drugs > Flashcards

Anti Cancer Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What is Epogen

A

Recumbent DNA technology. Erythropoietin used in dogs and cats for the treatment of anemia associated with chronic renal failure

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2
Q

What are anabolic steroids used for

A

Used for the treatment of chronic non-regenerative anemia

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3
Q

What is used in the red blood cell transfusion

A

Whole blood, packed red blood cells with the plasma removed

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4
Q

What do you use heparin for

A

As an anticoagulant to preserve blood, diluted in sterile water for injection, preserve donated blood for transfusions

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5
Q

What is EDTA used for

A

It is an anticoagulant that prevents clotting

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6
Q

What happens if an animal ingests warfarin rat poison

A

It needs a shot of vitamin K

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7
Q

What is aspirin used for

A

It is used as an anti-platelet drug to him her clotting through inhibition of platelet stickiness and clumping. Used to prevent thromboembolism associated with heartworm treatment and to treat cardiomyopathy in cats

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8
Q

What are three different types of hemostatics

A

Gel form observable gelatin sponges. Hemostat powder. Silver nitrate sticks.

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9
Q

How do hemostatics work

A

Initiate clotting through the coagulation of blood

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10
Q

What does a thrombolytic agent do

A

Remove or reduce the size of occluding thromboembolus and minimize tissue damage. This action is brought about by stimulating conversions of plasmogen to the enzyme plasmin which lyses the clots

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11
Q

What is streptase used for

A

Treatment of pulmonary embolism, treatment of arterial thrombosis
Treatment of coronary thrombosis. Intravenous catheter clearance

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12
Q

What are six components of cancer

A

Self-sufficiency in the production of cell growth signals. Insensitivity to antigrowth signals. Ability to avoid programmed apoptosis. Unlimited potential to replicate. Sustainability to promote angiogenesis. Capacity to invade tissues and metastasize

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13
Q

What type of tumors is chemotherapy used for

A

Rapidly growing tumors.

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14
Q

Give an example of rapidly dividing cells that are affected by antineoplastic drugs

A

Bone marrow, gastrointestinal tract, reproductive organs, hair follicles

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15
Q

What is the traditional way of using chemotherapy

A

Giving the maximum tolerated dose for the shortest time possible

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16
Q

How are chemotherapy drugs dosed

A

On the basis of estimated body surface area.

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17
Q

What are the side effects that are most often associated with chemotherapy

A

Asymptomatic. Gastrointestinal and hemopoietic symptoms, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

18
Q

What are most animals given before doing a chemotherapy around

A

And antiemetic or an antihistamine

19
Q

What are some important safety precautions to minimize the risk of topical contamination

A

Where chemotherapy administration gloves. Where non-absorbant chemotherapy administration gown. Do not push air bubbles out of syringe. Use commercially available chemotherapy dispensing products . Use safety goggles

20
Q

How do you avoid oral contamination

A

Never eat or drink in chemotherapy room, never smoke or apply makeup and chemotherapy room. Never store chemotherapeutic drugs with food or other drugs. Always very gloves when administering chemotherapeutic drugs

21
Q

How do you dispose of chemotherapy waste

A

Separate the biohazard’s, contact a local human hospital for aid and disposal

22
Q

How are chemotherapeutic drugs excreted

A

In the feces and urine. Where chemotherapy gloves when cleaning up after patients for 48 hours

23
Q

What are six examples of anti-neoplastic drugs

A

Alkylating agents, anthracyclines, antimetaolites, antitubulin agents, corticosteroids, miscellaneous agents

24
Q

How do alkylating agents work

A

Changes dna structure and causes the inhibition of cell replication.

25
Q

What is an example of an alkylating agent

A

Cytoxan

26
Q

What do anthracycline antineoplastic agents do

A

Exert the effects by binding with dna and interfering with rna and protein synthesis

27
Q

What is an example of a anthracycline antineoplastic agents

A

Adriamycin

28
Q

What do antimetaolites do

A

Affect dna synthesis phase of cell cycle. Inhibit protein and enzyme synthesis.

29
Q

What is an example of an antimetabolite

A

Methotrexate

30
Q

What are antitubulin agents

A

Inhibit mitosis and cause cell death.

31
Q

What is an example of an antitubulin agent

A

Vincristine

32
Q

What are platinum drugs used for

A

Interrupt replication of DNA in tumor cells

33
Q

What is an example of a platinum agent

A

Cisplatin

34
Q

What is asparaginase used for

A

Acts as a catalyst in the breakdown of asparagine, an amino acid required by cancer cells. Causes cancer cells to die

35
Q

Give an example of an asparaginase

A

Elspar

36
Q

What are glucocorticoids used for

A

They have a lymphogenic action which makes them useful for treating lymphoid neoplasms. Also help in the management of secondary complications of neoplastic diseases such as hypercalcemia and thrombocytopenia. In addition they increased appetite and the overall feeling of well-being

37
Q

What are interferons used for

A

Feline infectious peritonitis. Feline leukemia virus

38
Q

What is azathioprine used for

A

Affect cells in the S phase of cell cycle. Inhibits both T and B lymphocytes it is not used in cats

39
Q

What are cyclosporine is used for

A

Prevention of organ transplant rejection. Immune mediated skin disorders. Kerato conjunctivitis Sicca

40
Q

What are two examples of cyclosporine’s

A

Atopica, opt immune

41
Q

What is metronidazole used for

A

treatment of Giardia and anaerobic bacteria infections

42
Q

How does the kidney respond to hypoxia

A

Produces erythropoietin which stimulates the bone marrow to produce red blood cells

Pharmacology (15 decks)

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