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Psychology > First Aid Psychiatry: Psychotic Disorders > Flashcards

First Aid Psychiatry: Psychotic Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Delusion

A

fixed, false beliefs that remain despite evidence to the contrary

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2
Q

bizarre vs. nonbizarre delusion

A

bizarre: impossible
nonbizarrie: possible

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3
Q

Delusions of persecution/paranoid delusions

A

Irrational belief that one is being persecuted

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4
Q

Ideas of reference

A

Belief that cues in the external environment are uniquely related to the individual

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5
Q

Delusions of control: 2 types

A
  1. thought broadcasting

2. thought insertion

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6
Q

thought broadcasting

A

belief that one’s thoughts can be heard by others

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7
Q

thought insertion

A

belief that others’ thoughts are being placed in one’s head

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8
Q

Delusions of grandeur

A

Belief that one has special powers beyond those of a normal person

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9
Q

Delusions of guilt

A

belief that one is guilty or responsible for something

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10
Q

Somatic delusions

A

belief that one is infected with a disease or has a certain illness

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11
Q

” I am responsible for all world’s war”

A

Delusion of guilt

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12
Q

“The TV characters are speaking directly to me”

A

Ideas of reference

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13
Q

“The CIA is after me and tapped my phone”

A

Delusions of persecution/paranoid delusions

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14
Q

command hallucinations

A

auditory hallucinations that directly tell the patient to perform certain acts

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15
Q

auditory hallucinations are seen in

A

schizophrenic patients

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16
Q

visual hallucinations are seen in

A

drug intoxication, drug and alcohol withdrawal or delirium

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17
Q

olfactory hallucination seen in

A

epilepsy

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18
Q

tactile hallucination seen in

A

drug use or alcohol withdrawal

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19
Q

difference between illusion and hallucination

A

illusion: existing sensory stimulus
hallucination: no external stimulus

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20
Q

DSM- 5 criteria for psychotic disorder due to another medical condition

A
  • prominent hallucinations or delusions

- symptoms do not occur only during an episode of delirium

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21
Q

medical causes of psychosis

A
  • CNS disease
  • Endocrinopathies ( cushing, addison)
  • Nutritional/Vitamin deficiency (B12/folate)
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22
Q

Elderly, medically ill patients who present with psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations, confusion, or paranoia should be carefully evaluated for what

A

delirium

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23
Q

what are the three categories for schizophrenia symptoms

A

Positive
negative
cognitive

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24
Q

three phases of schizophrenia

A
  1. Prodromal
  2. Psychotic
  3. Residual
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25
Q

prodromal phase

A

decline in functioning that precedes the 1st psychotic episode
-withdrawn, decline school performance

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26
Q

psychotic phase

A
  • perceptual disturbances
  • delusions
  • disordered thought
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27
Q

Residual phase

A

following an episode of active psychosis

- mild hallucinations or delusions, social withdrawal and negative symptoms

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28
Q

what drug is considered when a patient fails both typical or other atypical antipsychotic? Potential adverse effects

A

Clozapine: agranulocytosis

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29
Q

Name 5 negative symptoms of schizophrenia

A 
Anhedonia
affect (flat)
Alogia ( poverty of speech)
Avolition (apathy)
Attention (poor)
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30
Q

DSM 5 criteria for schizophrenia

A 
2 or more must be present for 1 month
1. delusions
2. hallucinations
3. Disorganized speech
4. disorganied behavior
5. negative symptoms 
1 of them must be 1,2,or3
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31
Q

when do men present with schizophrenia

A

mid 20s

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32
Q

when do women present with schizophrenia

A

late 20s

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33
Q

most commonly comorbid abused substance for schizophrenia

A
  1. nicotine
  2. alcohol
  3. cannabis
  4. cocaine
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34
Q

downward drift hypothesis

A

lower socioeconomic groups have higher rate of schizophrenia

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35
Q

a phenomenon of schizophrenic patients develop what after resolution of their psychotic symptoms

A

post-psychotic depression

36
Q

children born when have higher incidence of schizophrenia

A

late winter or early spring

37
Q

akathesis

A

restlessness

38
Q

what is the main neurotransmitter that causes schizophrenia? pathways?

A

dopamine increase

  1. prefrontal cortical: decrease dopamine causes negative symptoms
  2. mesolimbic: increase dopamine causes positive symptoms
  3. tuberoinfundibular: blocked my antipsychotic
  4. nigrostriatal: blocked by antipsychotics
39
Q

blocking nigrostriatal pathway causes what symptoms

A

parkinsonism, tremor, slurred speech

40
Q

blocking tuberoinfundibular pathway causes what symptoms

A

gynecomastia

41
Q

other neurtransmitter abnormalities in Schizophrenia

A
  1. elevated serotonin
  2. elevated NE
  3. decrease GABA
  4. Decrease glutamate
42
Q

CT and MRI for schizophrenia shows

A
  • enlarged ventricles
  • diffuse cortical atrophy
  • reduced brain volume
43
Q

neologisms

A

newly coined term or expression that has meaning only to the person who uses it

44
Q

Prognosis for schizophrenia: late onset

A

good

45
Q

Prognosis for schizophrenia: early onset

A

bad

46
Q

Prognosis for schizophrenia: good social support

A

good

47
Q

Prognosis for schizophrenia: positive symptoms

A

good

48
Q

Prognosis for schizophrenia: negative symptoms

A

bad

49
Q

Prognosis for schizophrenia: family history

A

bad

50
Q

Prognosis for schizophrenia: mood symptoms

A

good

51
Q

Prognosis for schizophrenia: gradual onset

A

bad

52
Q

Prognosis for schizophrenia: acute onset

A

good

53
Q

Prognosis for schizophrenia: female

A

good

54
Q

Prognosis for schizophrenia: male

A

bad

55
Q

MOA for second generation antipsychotics

A

antagonize serotonin and dopamine

56
Q

what type of therapy is good for schizophrenia

A

behavioral, family and group

57
Q

Treatment for extrapyramidal symptoms

A

Benztropine, diphenhydramine,

- Benzodiazepine, beta blockers (akathesia)

58
Q

Treatment for tardive dyskinesia

A

Benzodiazepine, Botox and vitamin E

59
Q

what medication usually causes neuroleptic malignant syndrome

A

high-potency first-generation antipsychotics

60
Q

how to diagnose Schizoaffective

A
  • meet criteria for either major depressive or manic episode during which psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia are met also
  • Delusions or hallucinations for 2 weeks in absence of mood disorder
61
Q

who usually gets delusional disorder

A

middle-aged or older patients after age 40

62
Q

Erotomanic type

A

delusion that another person is in love with the individual

63
Q

grandiose type

A

delusions of having great talent

64
Q

somatic type

A

physical delusions

65
Q

persecutorytype

A

delusions of being persecuted

66
Q

Jealous type

A

delusions of unfaithfulness

67
Q

mixed type

A

more than one type of delusion

68
Q

Difference between Schizophrenia and Delusional disorder

A

Delusional disorder: nonbizarre delusions

  • daily functioning not significantly impaired
  • does not meet criteria for schizophrenia
69
Q

Koro

A

Southeast Asia

- intense anxiety that the penis will recede into the body, possibly death

70
Q

Amok

A

Malaysia

- Sudden unprovoked outbursts of violence, often followed by suicide

71
Q

Brain fag

A

Africa

Headache, fatigue, eye pain, cognitive difficulties in make students

72
Q

Schizoid

A

Solitary activities, lack of enjoyment from social interactions
- NO psychosis

73
Q

Schizotypal

A

odd or magical beliefs

- criteria for overt psychosis are not met

74
Q

Echolalia

A

repeat words or phrases

75
Q

echopraxia

A

mimic behavior

PRAxia: Practice behavior

76
Q

what drugs create schizophrenic like symtpoms

A

cocaine and amphetamines

77
Q

What disorder usually has has neologism

A

Schizophrenia

78
Q

how long should second generation antipsychotics be tried before quitting

A

4weeks

79
Q

what causes extrapyramidal symptoms

A

high-potency first generation antipsychotics

80
Q

treatment for extrapyramidal symptoms

A

Benztropine
Diphenhydramine
Benzodiazepines/Beta blocker for akathisia

81
Q

what are the extrapyramidal symptoms

A

ADAPT

82
Q

what causes anticholinergic symtpoms

A

Low-potency first generation antipsychotics

83
Q

what causes metabolic symptoms

A

second-generation antipsychotics

84
Q

what causes neuroleptic malignant syndrome

A

high-potency first-generation antipsychotics

85
Q

how is schizoaffective and mood disorder with psychotic features distinguished

A

schizoaffective: delusions or hallucinations for 2 weeks in absence of mood disorder

86
Q

Can you diagnosed brief psychotic disorder with someone with borderline personality

A

no, psychotic features are part of personality

87
Q

criteria for delusional disorder

A

one or more delusions for at least 1 month

Psychology (21 decks)

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