First Aid Psychiatry: Children Flashcards
before gathering information form a child, what first must be determinedd
developmental stage
Intellectual Disability
Severely impaired cognitive/social/adaptive functioning
Epicanthal folds, flat nasal bridge, and palmar crease
Down Syndrome
Macrocephaly, joint hyperlaxity and macroorchdism in postpubertal male
Fragile X
obese, small stature, almond-shaped eyes
Prader-Willi
Specific Learning disorder usually occurs with what other disorder
ADHD
growth retardation, smooth philtrum, short palpebral fissures, thin vermillion border
fetal alcohol syndrome
what should be ruled out when diagnosing specific learning disorder
sensory hearing deficits
Language Disorder
difficulty acquiring and using language
Speech sound disorder
difficulty articulating speech
Childhood-onset fluency disorder
stuttering
Social disorder
- issues with verbal and nonverbal communication
- if repetitive activities are seen: autism
2 domains of ADHD
inattentiveness and hyperactivity
ADHD is comorbid with
- oppositional defiant disorder
- conduct disorder
- specific learning disorder
third drug option for ADHD medication
alpha 2 agonists
- clonodine and guanfacine
autism spectrum disorder
social communication/interaction and restrictive, repetitive behaviors/interests
what is red flag for autism spectrum disorder
rapid deterioration of social and/or language skills during the first 2 years of life
2 most important predictors of outcome for autism spectrum disorder are
- intellectual functioning
2. language impairment
define Tourette’s
multiple motor tics and at least one vocal tic lasting for at least 1 year
coprolalia
utterance of obscene, taboo words
echolalia
repeating other’s words
frist line for tics
alpha 2 agonists guanfacine then clonodine
Persistent chronic motor or vocal tic disorder
single or multiple motor or vocal tics but not both. does not meet criteria for Tourette’s
provisional tic disorder
single or multiple motor and/or vocal tics less than one year
If a child has no difficulties getting along with peers but will not comply with rules from parents or teachers consider
ODD
comorbid for ODD
ADHD and substance abuse
Conduct disorder
violates the rights of other humans and animals
- most serious disruptive behaviors
difference between ODD and CD
ODD does not have
- physical aggression
- violating others’ basic rights
enuresis treatment
- urine alarm
- Desmopressin: first line
- Imipramine
most common drug of abuse by adolescents
alcohol then cannabis
