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Step 1 > First Aid - Classic/Relevant Treatments > Flashcards

First Aid - Classic/Relevant Treatments Flashcards

1
Q

absence seizures

A

ethosuximide

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2
Q

acute gout attack

A

NSAIDs, colchicine, glucocorticoids

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3
Q

acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)

A

all-trans retinoic acid

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4
Q

ADHD

A

methylphenidate, CBT, atomoxetine, guanfacine, clonidine

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5
Q

alcohol use disorders

A

disulfram, acamprosate, naltrexone, supportive care

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6
Q

alcohol w/draw

A

long acting benzodiaepines

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7
Q

anorexia

A

nutrition, psychotherapy, mirtazapine

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8
Q

anticoag during pregnancy

A

heparin

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9
Q

B12 def

A

vit B12 supplementation - work up caue with schilling test

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10
Q

arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

A

class IB antiarrhythmic (lidocane, mexiletine, tocainide)

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11
Q

bipolar disorder

A

lithium, valproate, carbamazepine, lamotrigine (mood stabilizers), and atypical antipsychotics

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12
Q

breast ca in postmeopausal woman

A

aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole)

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13
Q

buerger dz

A

smoking cessation

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14
Q

bulimia nervosa

A

SSRIs

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15
Q

candida albicans

A

amphotericin B (systemic), nystatin (oral thrush), azoles (vaginitis)

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16
Q

carcinoid syndrome

A

octreotide

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17
Q

chlamydia trachomatis

A

doxycycline (ceftriaxone for ghorrhea coinfection), erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis in infants)

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18
Q

chronic gout

A

probenecid (underexcretor), allopurinol (overproducer), febuxostat, pegloticase

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19
Q

chronic hepatits

A

INF-alpha, ribaviren

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20
Q

chonic myelogenous leukemia

A

imatinib

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21
Q

clostridium botulinum & tetani

A

antitoxin

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22
Q

c. diff

A

oral metronidazole; if refractory oral vanco

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23
Q

clostridium tetani

A

antitoxin + vaccine booter + diazepam

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24
Q

CMV

A

ganciclovir, fascarnet, cidofovir

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25
Q

Crohns Dz

A

corticosteroids, infliximab, azathioprine

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26
Q

cryptococcus neoformans

A

fluconizole (prophylaxis in AIDS pts)

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27
Q

cyclophosphamide-induces hemorrhagic cystitis

A

mesna

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28
Q

depression

A

SSRI (first line)

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29
Q

diabetes insipidus

A

desmopressin (central), HCTZ, indomethacin, amiloride (nephrogenic)

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30
Q

DM type I

A

dietary intervention (low sugar) + insulin replacement

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31
Q

DM type 2

A

dietary intervention, oral hypoglycemics, and insulin (if refractory)

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32
Q

diabetic ketoacidosis

A

fluid, insulin, K+

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33
Q

enterococci

A

vanco, aminopenicillins/cephalosporins

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34
Q

erectile dysfunction

A

sidenafil, verdenafil, tadalafil

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35
Q

ER + breast cancer

A

tamoxifen

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36
Q

ethylene glycol/methanol incoxication

A

fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitory)

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37
Q

haemophilus influenzae (B)

A

rifampin (prophylax)

38
Q

generalized anxiety disorder

A

SSRI, SNRI (first line), busiperone (second line)

39
Q

granulomatosis with polyangiitis

A

cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids

40
Q

heparin toxicity (acute)

A

protamine sulfate

41
Q

HER2/neu + breast cancer

A

trastuzumab

42
Q

hyperaldosteronism

A

spriniolactone

43
Q

hypercholsterolemia

A

statin (first line)

44
Q

hypertriglyceridemia

A

fibrate

45
Q

immediate anticoagulation

A

heparin

46
Q

infertility

A

leuprolide, GnRH (pulsatile), clomiphene

47
Q

influenza

A

rimantadine, oseltamivir

48
Q

legionella pneumophila

A

macrolides (ex azithromycin)

49
Q

long-term anticoagulation

A

warfarin

50
Q

malaria

A

choloroquine/mefloquine (for blood schizont), primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)

51
Q

malignant hyperthermia

A

dantroline

52
Q

medical abortion

A

mifepristone

53
Q

MRSA

A

vanco

54
Q

MS

A

beta-interferon, immunosuppression, natalizumab; acute flares use IV steroids

55
Q

muycobact TB

A

RIPE (rifampin, INH, pyrazinamide, ethambutol)

56
Q

nisseria gonorrheae

A

ceftriazone (add doxycyclin to cover likely concurrent chlamydia)

57
Q

neutal tube defect prevention

A

prenatal folic acid

58
Q

osteomalacia/rickets

A

vit D supplementation

59
Q

osteoporosis

A

bisphosphonates; Ca and vit D supplementation, SERMs, calcitonin, denosumab

60
Q

patent ductus arteriosus

A

indomethacin

61
Q

pheochromocytoma

A

alpha-antagonist (ex phenoxybenzamine)

62
Q

penumocystis jirovecii

A

TMP-SMX (prophylax in AIDS pts)

63
Q

prolactinoma

A

bromocriptine (dopamine antagonic)

64
Q

prostate cancer/uterine fibroids

A

leuprolide, GnRH (continuous)

65
Q

prostate carcinoma

A

flutamide

66
Q

pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

antipseudomonal penicillin + aminoglycoside, carbapenems

67
Q

pulomary arterial hyper tension

A

sildenafil, bosentan, epoprostenol

68
Q

rickettsia rickettsii

A

doxycyclin, chloramphenicol (ass’d with aplastic anemia)

69
Q

ringworm infs

A

terbinafine, griseofulvin, imidazole

70
Q

schizophernia (neg symptoms)

A

atypical antipsychotics

71
Q

schizophrenia (positive symptoms)

A

typical and atypical antipsychotics

72
Q

SIADH

A

fluid restriction, IV hypertonic saline, conivaptan/tolvaptan, demeclocycline

73
Q

sickle cell anemia

A

hydroxuria (increases fetal Hb)

74
Q

sprothrix schenckii

A

oral potassium idodide, itraconazole

75
Q

stable angina

A

sublingual nitroglycerin

76
Q

streptococcus bovis

A

penicillin prophylaxis; eval for colon cancer if linked to endocarditis

77
Q

staphlococcus aureus

A

MSSA: nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin; MRSA: vanco, captomycn, linezolid, ceftaroline

78
Q

streptococcus pyogenes

A

penicillin prophylaxs

79
Q

temporal arteritis

A

high dose steroids

80
Q

tonic-clonic seizures

A

penytoin, valproate, carbamazepine, levetiracetam

81
Q

toxoplasma gondii

A

sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine

82
Q

treponema pallidum

A

penicillin

83
Q

trichomonas vaginalis

A

metronidazole (pt and partner)

84
Q

ulcerative colitis

A

5-ASA preps (mesalamine), 6MP, infliximab, colectomy

85
Q

UTI prophylaxis

A

TMP-SMX

86
Q

warfarin toxicity

A

FFP (acute), vit K (chronic)

87
Q

arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

A

alpha1-antagonist, 5alpha-reductase inh, PDE-5 inhibitors

88
Q

kawasaki disease

A

IVIG, high-dose asa

89
Q

migraine

A

abortive therapies (sumatriptan, NSAIDs); prophylaxis (propranolol, topiramate, CCBs, amitriptyline)

90
Q

nisseria meningitidis

A

penicillin/ceftraxone, rifampin (prophylaxis)

91
Q

strep pneumo

A

penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic inf, penumonia), vanco (meningitis)

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