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121 > Finals | Urinary System > Flashcards

Finals | Urinary System Flashcards

1
Q

REN/O

A

Kidney

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2
Q

VESIC/O

A

UB

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3
Q

KETON/O

A

Ketone bodies

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4
Q

UR/O

A

Urine

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5
Q

-URIA

A

abnormal urine

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6
Q

Occurs when the kidneys aren’t producing urine.

A

Anuria/ Anuresis

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7
Q

An inflammation of the bladder. In most cases, the cause is UTI.

A

Cystitis

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8
Q

Bulging or dropping of the bladder into the vagina.

A

Cystocele

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9
Q

Cystocele AKA

A

“prolapsed or dropped
bladder”

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10
Q

Stone in the urinary bladder.

A

Cystolith

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11
Q

Kidneys filter too much
bodily fluid.

A

Diuresis

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12
Q

Dysuria- a symptom of (1), (2), or (3) when urinating. It is more common in (4)

A
  1. pain
  2. discomfort
  3. burning
  4. women
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13
Q

Last stage (stage 5) of chronic kidney disease (CKD).

A

End-stage renal disease (ESRD)

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14
Q

ESRD as last stage of CKD means that kidneys are only functioning at — percent of their normal capacity.

A

10 to 15

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15
Q

ESRD aka

A

End-stage renal failure

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16
Q

ESRD makes use of what procedure to check for the function of kidney? It is used when pt will undergo CM exam

A

Glomeluar Filtration Rate (GFR)

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17
Q

Disorders of the kidneys, bladder, or ureter and/or poor control of the muscles that control the release of urine

A

Enuresis

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18
Q

Enuresis aka

A

Bed wetting /Involuntary urination

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19
Q

Enuresis is normal for?

A

Children and geriatrics

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20
Q

Inflammation of the tiny filters in your kidneys

A

Glomerulonephritis

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21
Q

When a kidney swells due to urine failing to properly drain from the kidney to the bladder. This swelling most commonly affects only one kidney, but it can involve both kidneys.

A

Hydronephrosis

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22
Q

Hydronephrosis (1) of the renal collecting system of one or both kidneys due to (2)

A
  1. dilation and distention
  2. obstruction of urine outflow distal to the renal pelvis
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23
Q

Stone in the kidney

A

Nephrolithiasis

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24
Q

Tumor of the kidney cortex

A

Nephroma

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25
Q

A disease of the kidneys caused by damage to the small blood vessels or to the units in the kidneys that clean the blood.

A

Nephropathy

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26
Q

Hardening of the walls of the small arteries and arterioles of the kidney.

A

Nephrosclerosis

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27
Q

Nephrosclerosis is caused by —

A

hypertension (high blood pressure).

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28
Q

Appearance of the cortical surface in benign nephrosclerosis

A

Fine, leathery, granularity of cortical surface

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29
Q

Tiny canals that make up much of the substance of the kidney.

A

kidney tubules

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30
Q

Any degenerative disease of the kidney tubules,

A

Nephrosis

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31
Q

Medical term for excessive urination at night.

32
Q

Urine output for oliguria

A
  1. Infants: < 1 mL/kg/h
  2. Children: < 0.5 mL/kg/h
  3. Adults <400 mL daily
33
Q

Oliguria is one of the clinical hallmarks of (1) and has been used as a criterion for diagnosing and staging (2).

A
  1. renal failure
  2. acute kidney injury (AKI)
34
Q

Normal pH value of urine

35
Q

Occurs when you urinate more than normal.

A

Excessive urination volume (or polyuria)

36
Q

Polyuria: Urine volume is considered excessive if it equals — liters per day.

A

more than 2.5

37
Q

Type of urinary tract infection (UTI) that generally begins in your urethra or bladder and travels to one or both of your kidneys.

A

Pyelonephritis

38
Q

A type of pain you get when urinary stones block part of your urinary tract.

A

Renal colic

39
Q

Condition of having high levels of urea in the blood;

40
Q

Uremia is a serious complication of (1) and acute kidney injury (2)

A
  1. CKD
  2. acute kidney injury
41
Q

When does uremia occur?

A

When urea and other waste products build up in the body because the kidneys are unable to eliminate them.

42
Q

Stricture of the ureter

A

Ureterostenosis

43
Q

Inflammation of the urethra.

A

Urethritis

44
Q

Inability to completely or partially empty the bladder.

A

Urinary retention

45
Q

Suffering from urinary retention means you may be unable to (1), or if you are able to start, you can’t fully (2).

A
  1. start urination
  2. empty your bladder
46
Q

DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES for Urinary System

A
  1. BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen)
  2. Catheterization
  3. Cystography
  4. Intravenous pyelography (IVP)
  5. Urinalysis
  6. Voiding cystourethrography
47
Q

Measure the amount of urea nitrogen found in the blood

A

BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen)

48
Q

Human adult blood

A

10-50 mg/dL

49
Q

Allows patient’s urine to drain freely from the bladder for collection.

A

Catheterization

50
Q

Imaging test that can help diagnose problems of the bladder.

A

Cystography

51
Q

Radiologic procedure used to visualize abnormalities of the urinary system

A

Intravenous pyelography (IVP)/ “INTRAVENOUS UROGRAM”,

52
Q

Clinical urine test, test of the urine to detect and manage a wide range of disorders in the urinary tract

A

Urinalysis

53
Q

Technique to visualize a person’s urethra and UB while the patient urinates.

A

Voiding cystourethrography/ Micturating cystourethrography (MCU)

54
Q

URINALYSIS RESULTS can be

A
  1. ALBUMINURIA
  2. BACTERURIA
  3. GLYCOSURIA
  4. HEMATURIA
  5. KETONURIA
  6. PROTEINURIA
  7. PYURIA
55
Q

Presence of albumin in the kidney

A

ALBUMINURIA

56
Q

ALBUMINURIA is commonly a symptom of —

A

kidney disease

57
Q

Presence of bacteria in the urine, having asymptomatic bacteriuria

A

BACTERURIA

58
Q

condition characterized by an excess of sugar in the urine, typically associated w/ diabetes/kidney disease.

A

GLYCOSURIA

59
Q

Presence of blood in the persons urine

60
Q

HEMATURIA can be manifested by

A
  1. GROSS HEMATURIA
  2. MICROSCOPIC HEMATURIA
61
Q

GROSS HEMATURIA vs MICROSCOPIC HEMATURIA

A
  1. GROSS HEMATURIA: Blood seen with the naked eye
  2. MICROSCOPIC HEMATURIA: seen with microscope
62
Q

Excretion of abnormally large amounts of ketone bodies in the urine, characteristic of diabetes mellitus, starvation/other medical condition.

63
Q

KETONURIA is the excretion of abnormally large amounts of ketone bodies in the urine, characteristic of (1), (2)/other medical condition.

A
  1. diabetes mellitus
  2. starvation
64
Q

Presence of abnormalities quantities of protein in the urine, which may indicate damage to the kidneys.

A

PROTEINURIA

65
Q

Presence of puss in the urine typically from bacterial infection.

66
Q

THERAPEUTIC CONDITIONS for Reproductive System

A
  1. CYSTECTOMY
  2. CYSTOPLASTY
  3. HEMODIALYSIS
  4. LITHOTRIPSY
  5. PERITONEAL DIALYSIS
  6. PYELOPLASTY
  7. NEPHRECTOMY
  8. RENAL BIOPSY
  9. RENAL TRANSPLANTATION
  10. URETHEROPLASTY
67
Q

Treat utero-pelvic junction obstruction if residual renal function is adequate

A

PYELOPLASTY

68
Q

Surgical procedure for bladder enlargement

A

CYSTOPLASTY

69
Q

Kidney dialysis, one of 3 renal replacement therapies.

A

HEMODIALYSIS

70
Q

Physical destruction of the hardened masses like kidney stones, bezoar, gallstones.

A

LITHOTRIPSY

71
Q

Type of dialysis which uses the peritoneum in a person’s abdomen as a membrane through which fluid and dissolved substances are exchanged with blood.

A

PERITONEAL DIALYSIS

72
Q

Surgival removal of kidney

A

NEPHRECTOMY- Bilateral nephrectomy

73
Q

Small piece of kidney is removed from the body for examinations usually under a microscope.

A

RENAL BIOPSY

74
Q

Surgical procedure that is performed to remove the ureteral strictures

A

RENAL TRANSPLANTATION

75
Q

Repair of an injury or defect within the walls of the urethra

A

URETHEROPLASTY

121 (30 decks)

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