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0857 RAD TECH 121 > Finals | Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Finals | Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

Ballooning of the blood vessel

A

Aneurysm

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2
Q

Severe chest pain with feeling of suffocation

A

Angina Pectoris

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3
Q

Sudden contraction of smooth muscle of the wall of bloodvessel; can interrupt blood flow

A

Angiospasm

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4
Q

Narrowing of aorta; Congenital or result of disease

A

Aortostenosis/ Aortic Stenosis

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5
Q

Any irregularity in the heart beat

A

Arrhythmia

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6
Q

Diminished elasticity of arterial walls

A

Arteriosclerosis

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7
Q

Fatty deposit that obstructs blood flow through a vessel, usually artery

A

Atheroma

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8
Q

Fatty deposits within a blood vessel

A

Atherosclerosis

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9
Q

Abnormally slow heart beat

A

Bradycardia

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10
Q

Differentiate heart beat per minute during bradychardia, normal beat, and tachycardia

A

Bradychardia: <60bpm
Normal: 60-100 bpm
Tachycardia: >100bpm

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11
Q

Cessation of cardiac function

A

Cardiac arrest

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12
Q

Non-synchronous muscular contraction

A

Cardiac arrest

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13
Q

What happens when the heart stops during cardiac arrest?

A

Brain losses oxygen, causing death

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14
Q

Genral term for any disease of theheart muscle

A

Cardiomyopathy

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15
Q

Narrowing of blood vessel; congenital malformation

A

Coarctation

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16
Q

Indication of coarctation

A

Different bp in upper and lower limbs

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17
Q

The ability of the heart to pump blood is impaired causing fluid to back up in the lungs and other tissues

A

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

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18
Q

Impair the ability of the coronary arteries to deliver an adequate supply of blood to the heart muscle

A

Coronary Artery Disease

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19
Q

Sudden blockage of an artery by a clot or other particle circulating in the blood

A

Embolism

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20
Q

Embolus vs thrombus

A

Embolus: travels throughout the blood
Thrombus: stationary blood clot on affected area

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21
Q

Type of HTN in which the cause of elevated blood pressure is unknown

A

Essential hypertension

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22
Q

Essential hypertension- vs general HTN

A

Essential: cause is unknown
General: Has stressor/ cause

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23
Q

Irregular, quivering contractions of ventricular muscle resting from desynchronization of electrical impulses in the heart

A

Fibrillation

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24
Q

Characterized by rapid but regular contractions of the atria or ventricles

A

Flutter

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25
Q

Disturbance in the transmission of electrical signals through the cardiac conduction system

A

Heart Block

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26
Q

Consistently elevated BP

A

Hypertension

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27
Q

Abnormally low blood pressure

A

Hypotension

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28
Q

Normal bp vs Hypertension vs Hypotension

A

Normal: 120/80 mmHg
Hypertension: 140/90 mmHg
Hypotension: 90/60 mmHg

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29
Q

Area of necrosis occurring as a result of oxygen deprivation

A

Infarction

30
Q

Temporary oxygen deficiency due to an interruption of blood flow to a tissue or organ

A

Ischemia

31
Q

Enlargement of the left
ventricular wall

A

Left Ventricular Hypertrophy

32
Q

Left Ventricular Hypertrophy usually occur as a result of —

A

chronic HTN

33
Q

Dangerously high BP which is sustained over time, causing damage to the vasculature

A

Malignant Hypertension

34
Q

Worst type of HTN

A

Malignant Hypertension

35
Q

Narrowing of the opening between the left atrium and left ventricle, with obstruction of blood flow between them

A

Mitral Stenosis

36
Q

Condition in which a flap of the mitral valve collapses into the left atrium during systole

A

Mitral Valve Prolapse

37
Q

Soft blowing sound heard between normal beats of the heart, usually resulting from vibration in a valve

A

Murmur

38
Q

Condition in which delivery of oxygen to a portion of the heart muscle is impaired, resulting in death of the tissue in thatarea

A

Myocardial Infarction (MI)

39
Q

Myocardial Infarction (MI) is also referred to as ?

A

Heart attack

40
Q

Inflammation of the muscular layer of the heart wall, usually due to infections

A

Myocarditis

41
Q

An unusually rapid or strong heart beat that is perceptible to the patient

A

Palpitation

42
Q

Inflammation of the fibrous sac surrounding the heart, usually due to infection

A

Pericarditis

43
Q

Define pericardium

A

Double layer membrane of the heart

44
Q

Progressive disease in which the blood vessels of the legs become narrower

A

Peripheral Vascular Disease

45
Q

Peripheral Vascular Disease is a rogressive disease in which the blood vesselsof the (1) become (2), usually due to (3)

A
  1. legs
  2. narrower
  3. atherosclerosis
46
Q

Inflammation of the vein

A

Phlebitis

47
Q

Phlebitis
- Nearly always the (1);
- (2) and painful
- red, warm
- lump usually (3) in shape; - usually along line of (4) or (5)

A
  1. legs
  2. Tender
  3. tubular
  4. inner thigh
  5. calf
48
Q

Vascular disorder in which the fingers and toes become cold, numb and painful as a result of temporary constriction of blood vessels in the skin

A

Raynaud’s phenomenon

49
Q

Difference of raynaud’s phenomenon and frostbite

A

Raynaud’s phenomenon:
- Disruption of blood flow
- Skin turns red, blue, then white

Frostbite:
- Might need to amputate in serious cases because of necrosis
- Skin turns black

50
Q

Caused by rheumatic fever, in which persistent streptococcal infection causes inflammation and scarring of the valves, impairing their ability to open and close normally

A

Rheumatic Heart Disease

51
Q

Type of HTN in which blood pressure is elevated as a result of another condition, usually kidney disease

A

Secondary Hypertension

52
Q

A condition that makes your heart beat more than 100 beats per minute

A

Tachycardia

53
Q

An inflammatory process that causes a blood clot to form and block one or more veins, usually in your legs.

A

Thrombophlebitis

54
Q

The formation or presence of a blood clot in a blood vessel. The vessel may be any vein or artery

A

Thrombosis

55
Q

The inflammation of the heart valves

A

Valvulitis

56
Q

Valvulitisi s a common complication of —

A

Acute Rheumatic Fever

57
Q

Swollen, twisted veins that you can see just under the skin.

A

Varicose Veins

58
Q

Varicose Veins usually occur in the —, but also can form in other parts of the body

A

legs

59
Q

The sudden contraction of the muscular walls of an artery.

A

Vasospasm

60
Q

A procedure used to visualize blood vessels in various parts of the body, typically using contrast media and X-ray imaging.

Modality: Radiography.
Machine: X-ray machine.
Technique: Injection of contrast media into the blood vessels.

A

ANGIOGRAPHY

61
Q

A procedure to examine how well the heart is working by inserting a catheter into a blood vessel and guiding it into the heart.

Modality: Interventional radiology.
Machine: Catheterization lab equipment.
Technique: Catheter insertion and imaging with fluoroscopy.

A

CARDIAC CATHETERIZATION

62
Q

A type of imaging that uses small amounts of radioactive materials to diagnose heart conditions.

Modality: Nuclear medicine.
Machine: Gamma camera.
Technique: Injection of radioactive tracer and imaging with a gamma camera.

A

CARDIAC NUCLEAR MEDICINE IMAGING

63
Q

A non-invasive test that uses sound waves to create images of the heart’s structures.

Modality: Ultrasound.
Machine: Echocardiography machine.
Technique: Use of ultrasound probe on the chest.

A

ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY

64
Q

A test that records the electrical activity of the heart over a period of time using electrodes placed on the skin

Modality: Electrophysiology.
Machine: ECG machine.
Technique: Placement of electrodes on the skin.

A

ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY

65
Q

A procedure to remove fluid from the sac around the heart (pericardium) using a needle and catheter.

Modality: Interventional radiology.
Machine: Ultrasound machine for guidance.
Technique: Ultrasound-guided insertion of a needle into the pericardial space.

A

PERICARDIOCENTESIS

66
Q

The measurement of blood pressure using a device called a sphygmomanometer.

Modality: Physical examination.
Machine: Sphygmomanometer.
Technique: Inflating a cuff around the arm and measuring pressure.

A

SPHYGMOMANOMETRY

67
Q

A test that measures the heart’s ability to respond to stress, typically exercise, by monitoring ECG, heart rate, and blood pressure.

Modality: Cardiology.
Machine: Treadmill or exercise bike with ECG monitoring.
Technique: Exercise while being monitored.

A

STRESS TEST

68
Q

Continuous monitoring of a patient’s vital signs, such as ECG, heart rate, and oxygen levels, using wireless devices.

Modality: Cardiology.
Machine: Telemetry unit.
Technique: Placement of wireless sensors on the body.

A

TELEMETRY MONITORING

69
Q

A type of echocardiography that uses a probe inserted into the esophagus to create images of the heart.

Modality: Ultrasound.
Machine: TEE echocardiography machine.
Technique: Insertion of a probe into the esophagus.

A

TRANSESOPHAGEAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY

70
Q

A procedure to visualize veins in the body using contrast media and X-ray imaging.

Modality: Radiography.
Machine: X-ray machine.
Technique: Injection of contrast media into a vein and imaging with X-rays.

A

VENOGRAPHY

71
Q

A procedure to visualize the ventricles of the heart using contrast media and X-ray imaging.

Modality: Radiography.
Machine: X-ray machine.
Technique: Injection of contrast media into the heart’s ventricles and imaging with X-rays.

A

VENTRICULOGRAPHY

0857 RAD TECH 121 (30 decks)

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