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0857 RAD TECH 121 > Finals | Nervous System > Flashcards

Finals | Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Disease symptom that causes a person to lose the ability to move their muscles on their own

A

Akinesia

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2
Q

Progressive disorder that causes brain cells to waste away (degenerate) and die.

A

Alzheimer’s disease

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3
Q

Common patients for AD

A

Geriatric

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4
Q

Disorder that results from damage to portions of the brain that are responsible for language. For most people, these areas are on the left side of the brain.

A

Aphasia

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5
Q

Lack of muscle coordination that may affect a person’s speech, eye movements, and ability to swallow, walk, and pick up objects, among other voluntary movements.

A

Ataxia

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6
Q

Condition that causes a temporary weakness or paralysis of the muscles in the face.

A

Bell’s palsy

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7
Q

Group of disorders that affect movement and muscle tone or posture.

A

Cerebral palsy

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8
Q

Cause of cerebral palsy

A

It’s caused by damage that occurs to the immature brain as it develops, most often before birth.

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9
Q

“stroke”

A

Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA)

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10
Q

What happens during CVA

A

Blood flow to a part of the brain is stopped either by a blockage or the rupture of a blood vessel.

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11
Q

A prolonged state of unconsciousness.

A

Coma

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12
Q

Coma vs deep sleep

A

Coma: Person is alive and looks like he is sleeping vut cannot be awakened by any stimulation, including pain
Deep sleep: person can be awakened by any stimulation

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13
Q

Define concussion

A

Bumping of head

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14
Q

What is concussion considered as?

A

Minor brain injury

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15
Q

A continuous decline in thinking, behavioral and social skills that disrupts a person’s ability to function independently

A

Dementia

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16
Q

Most common cause of dementia

A

AD

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17
Q

A learning disorder that involves difficulty reading due to problems identifying speech sounds and learning how they relate to letters and words (decoding).

A

Dyslexia

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18
Q

The majority of cases are caused by either a viral infection or the immune system mistakenly attacking brain tissue.

A

Encephalitis

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19
Q

What is affected by encephalitis?

A

Only ONE hemisphere of the brain is affected

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20
Q

White structures on an MRI can be seen in the presence of enephalitis. What causes this?

A

Caused by viral infection (whixh engulfs the brain tissue)

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21
Q

A chronic disorder that causes unprovoked, recurrent seizures

A

Epilepsy

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22
Q

“Group of tumors”

A

Glioma

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23
Q

Where does glioma arise from?

A

Glial cells in the brain

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24
Q

Funtion of the glial cells

A

Supports the function of the main brain cell type (neuron)

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25
Q

What is affected by glioma?

A

Usually happen in the cerebral hemispheres of the brain

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26
Q

These seizures result from abnormal electrical activity in the brain.

A

Grand mal

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27
Q

Grand mal is also known as ?

A

“generalized tonic-clonic seizures”

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28
Q

What does “generalized tonic-clonic seizures” involve?

A

Muscle contractions
Muscle rigidity
Loss of consciousness

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29
Q

Grand mal vs Petite mal

A

Grand mal: worse and longer
Petite mal: <15 secs seizures

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30
Q

Weakness or the inability to move on one side of the body, one-sided weakness in your arms, hands, face, chest, legs or feet.

A

Hemiparesis or Hemiplegia

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31
Q

Differentiate hemiplegia, paraplegia, and quadriplegia

A

Hemiplegia: affects one side of body
Paraplegia: both sides of lower limb (pelvic area to down)
Quadriplegia: all limbs

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32
Q

Fatal genetic disorder that causes the progressive breakdown of nerve cells in the brain.

A

Huntington’s chorea

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33
Q

Huntington’s chorea deteriorates a person’s (1) and (2) abilities usually during their (3) years and has (4)

A
  1. mental
  2. physical
  3. prime working
  4. no cure
34
Q

Describe the appearance of huntington’s disease

A

Enlarged frontal horns of the lateral ventricles of brain; looks lke a big butterfly

35
Q

Define lethargy

A

Lack of energy; state of tiredness/ fatigue

36
Q

Progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects nerve cells in the brain and the spinal cord.

A

Lou Gehrig’s disease

37
Q

Other term for Lou Gehrig’s disease

A

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

38
Q

Named after a basketball player who first experienced the disease

A

Lou Gehrig’s disease

39
Q

A bacterial or viral infection of the fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord usually causes the swelling.

A

Meningitis

40
Q

An unpredictable disease of the central nervous system that disrupts the flow of information within the brain, and between the brain and body.

A

Multiple sclerosis (MS)

41
Q

Characterized by weakness and rapid fatigue of any of the muscles under your voluntary control.

A

Myasthenia gravis

42
Q

Myasthenia gravis is caused by?

A

It’s caused by a breakdown in the normal communication between nerves and muscles.

43
Q

Define myelitis

A

Inflammation of spinal cord

44
Q

A neurological disorder that affects your ability to wake and sleep.

A

Narcolepsy

45
Q

People with narcolepsy have excessive, uncontrollable —. They may also suddenly fall asleep at any time, during any type of activity.

A

daytime sleepiness

46
Q

Severe, shooting pain that occurs due to a damaged or irritated nerve. It can affect any part of the body

A

Neuralgia

47
Q

Among the many causes of neuritis include ?

A

Various viruses and local irritation of a nerve by adjacent tissues.

48
Q

Neuroblastome is a type of (1) that forms in (2) called (3).

A
  1. cancer
  2. nerve cells
  3. neuroblasts
49
Q

Neuroblasts normally turn into (1). But in neuroblastoma, they form a (2).

A
  1. working nerve cells
  2. tumor
50
Q

It is a benign growth of nerve tissue frequently found between the third and fourth toes.

A

Neuroma

51
Q

Neuroma is also called ?

A

“Pinched nerve”/ nerve tumor.

52
Q

Where is neuroma usually found?

A

third and fourth toes.

53
Q

A spinal cord injury that paralyses the lower limbs.

A

Paraplegia

54
Q

What causes paraplegia?

A

It is a result of severe damage to the spinal cord and the nervous system

55
Q

Prickling, burning, tingling, numb, itching, or “skin crawling” feeling; Caused by a pressure on a nerve. When that pressure is gone the feeling goes away. But in some cases, it doesn’t go away.

A

Paresthesia

56
Q

Parkinson’s disease is a brain disorder that leads to ?

A

shaking, stiffness, and difficulty with walking, balance, and coordination.

57
Q

Shaking during parkinson’s disease can be called —

A

Tremor

58
Q

Forms of generalized seizures causing a temporary loss of consciousness; brief, usually <15 seconds, and they have symptoms that may be barely noticeable

A

Petit mal

59
Q

Other term for Petit mal

A

Absence seizures

60
Q

Highly infectious viral disease, which mainly affects young children.

A

Poliomyelitis/ Polio

61
Q

The virus is transmitted by person-to-person spread mainly through the fecal-oral route or, less frequently, by a common vehicle (e.g., contaminated water or food) and multiplies in the intestine, from where it can invade the nervous system and can cause paralysis.

A

Poliomyelitis/ Polio

62
Q

Paralysis caused by illness or injury that results in the partial or total loss of use of all four limbs and torso

A

Quadriplegia

63
Q

A common type of pain affecting the sciatic nerve

A

Sciatica

64
Q

Where are sciatic nerves located?

A

Lower back down to the foot

65
Q

Sudden, temporary, bursts of electrical activity in the brain that change or disrupt the way messages are sent between brain cells.

A

Seizures

66
Q

Two types of seizures

A

Grand mal vs Petite mal

67
Q

Reactivation of a viral infection in the nerves to the skin that causes pain, burning, or a tingling sensation, along with an itch and blisters in the skin supplied by the
affected nerve.

A

Shingles

68
Q

Shingles is caused by which virus ?

A

varicella zoster virus

69
Q

“Sleepwalking”

A

Somnambulism

70
Q

A behavior disorder that originates during deep sleep and results in walking or performing other complex behaviors while asleep

A

Somnambulism

71
Q

Who is affected by somnambulism?

A

Children or sleep-deprived adults

72
Q

Can be a serious mental state where people don’t respond to normal conversation.

A

Stupor

73
Q

Stupor is when one don’t respond to (1). Instead, they respond only to (2), such as to pain or rubbing on their chest, which is known as a (3)

A
  1. normal conversation
  2. physical stimulation
  3. sternal rub
74
Q

Stupor can alse be referred to as?

A

Deep state od unconsciousness

75
Q

“passing out”

A

Syncope

76
Q

Syncope is usually related to insufficient blood flow to the (1). It’s also called (2) a temporary (3)

A
  1. brain
  2. fainting
  3. loss of consciousness
77
Q

A temporary period of symptoms similar to those of a stroke.

A

Transient ischemic attack (TIA)

78
Q

A TIA usually lasts (1) and doesn’t cause (2).

A
  1. a few minutes
  2. permanent damage
79
Q

An involuntary, rhythmic muscle contraction leading to shaking movements in one or more parts of the body

A

Tremor

80
Q

What causes tremor?

A

Caused by a problem in the deep parts of the brain that control movement.

0857 RAD TECH 121 (30 decks)

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