Finals | Muscular System Flashcards
A loss of muscle tone, meaning that we are essentially paralyzed during this phase
Atonia
A movement disorder in which a person’s muscles contract uncontrollably.
Dystonia
Dystonia is a (1) disorder in which a person’s muscles contract uncontrollably. The contraction causes the affected body part to (2), resulting in (3) or (4)
- movement
- twist involuntarily
- repetitive movements
- abnormal postures
This is when muscles waste away; When a disease or injury makes it difficult or impossible for you to move an arm or leg, the lack of mobility
Muscle Atrophy
Muscle Atrophy is usually caused by —
a lack of physical activity
Example of muscle atrophy
Parkinson’s disease; there is no increase/ decrease in muscle even when flexed
A group of diseases that cause progressive weakness and loss of muscle mass
Muscular Dystrophy
Abnormal genes (mutations) interfere with the production of proteins needed to form healthy muscle.
Muscular Dystrophy
Describes muscle aches and pain, which can involve ligaments, tendons and fascia, the soft tissues that connect muscles, bones and organs
Myalgia
A chronic autoimmune, neuromuscular disease that causes weakness in the skeletal muscles that worsens after periods of activity and improves after periods of rest.
Myasthenia Gravis
It refers to sudden, involuntary jerking of a muscle or group of muscles.
Myoclonus
Is Myoclonus a symptom or a disease?
A symptom and not a diagnosis of a disease.
Causes involuntary muscle twitches during sleep or when a person falls asleep.
Sleep myoclonus
Separation of a muscle
Myodiastasis
Myodiastasis usually affects who?
Pregnany women; the muscles of their stomach stretch to give way to the baby
A sarcoma or cancer of the muscle tissue
Myosarcoma
Myosarcoma is categorized as one of the four major types of –
Cancer
Myosarcoma is a (1) derived from (2).
- malignant tumor
- myogenic cells
What are the most common symptoms of MYOSITIS?
Weakness, swelling, and pain
Myositis vs Polymyosistis
Myosisits: Inflammation of a specific muscle
Polymyositis: Inflammation of a group of muscles
Loss of muscle function in part of your body.
Paralysis
When does Paralysis happen? Or how does it occur?
It happens when something goes wrong with the way messages pass between your brain and muscles
One of the inflammatory myopathies, a group of muscle diseases that involves inflammation of the muscles or associated tissues, such as the blood vessels that supply the muscles.
Polymyositis
An inflammation or irritation of a tendon
Tendinitis/ Tendonitis
An unintentional and uncontrollable rhythmic movement of one part or one limb of your body; can occur in any part of the body and at any time
Tremor
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES (Muscular System)
ELECTROMYOGRAPHY
MUSCLE BIOPSY
Measures muscle response or electrical activity in response to nerve stimulation
ELECTROMYOGRAPHY
Removal of a small part of muscle for examination
MUSCLE BIOPSY
therapeutic PROCEDURES (Muscular system)
FASCIOTOMY
MYORRHAPY
MYOTOMY
TENDOLYSIS
TENDOPLASTY
Where is fasciotomy used for?
Used to decompress acute compartment syndrome
What is acute compartment syndrome?
Increase of pressure inside the muscle because of trauma/ accident
Suture of muscle because of a torn muscle
Myorrhaphy
Example of Myotomy and its indication
POEM (Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy); Done to patients with achalasia
Surgical Procedure where a muscle is cut
Myotomy
Occurs when esophageal muscle can’t propel food and water into stomach (LES is closed)
Achalasia
Surgery to remove adhesions (hardened scar tissues)
Tendolysis
Plastic surgery performed in a tendon
Tendoplasty
