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KSUCPM IMAGING > FINAL TQ > Flashcards

FINAL TQ Flashcards

1
Q
  1. What causes silver-halide crystals to remain crystalline and inactive?
A

No exposure to radiation

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2
Q
  1. When determining the amount of time to submerge film in a fixing bath, remember, the total fix time = …
A

2x clearing time

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3
Q
  1. “tree branches” on film is caused by…
A

Static electricity

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4
Q
  1. T/F: radiographs can’t be weight-bearing
A

False, most radiographs are weight-bearing

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5
Q
  1. a latent image is made when ____% of PSP retains energy
A

50%

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6
Q
  1. How many tones of gray are available in film imaging?
A

30-35

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7
Q
  1. How many tones of gray are available in computed radiography?
A

10,000

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8
Q
  1. T/F: You are not allowed to process in the same room while you are shooting x-rays?
A

True!…if the x-ray and processor are in the same room, the exposure will interfere with laser scanning

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9
Q
  1. Digital radiography _____ patient dose because it increases the kVp and decreases the mAs
A

reduces

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10
Q
  1. Does film have a higher or lower spatial resolution (line pairs per millimeter) than digital imaging?
A

Higher

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11
Q
  1. What is the spatial frequency of film?
A

8.0 lp/mm

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12
Q
  1. A film image degrades about ___% in 8 hours.
A

25%

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13
Q
  1. What is the ability to image 2 separate objects as being distinct?
A

Resolution

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14
Q
  1. What is the ability to distinguish anatomic

structures of similar subject contrast?

A

Contrast resolution

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15
Q
  1. What is the ability to image small objects that have high subject contrast?
A

Spatial resolution

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16
Q
  1. The _____ the speed of the film, the _____ the contrast
A

Faster, higher

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17
Q
  1. Every ____ increase in optical film density

doubles the exposure

A

0.3 (log2.0=0.3)

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18
Q
  1. The shoulder region of the characteristic film

curve tells us….

A

At a particular amount of time, the amount of radiation makes no difference.

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19
Q
  1. In regards to anatomic part thickness, if we increase the contrast (reduce the amount of gray tones), then we ______ magnitude of difference
A

Increase (there is a greater difference between the thick and thin anatomical parts on film)

20
Q
  1. If we lower the radiation quality (kVp), we create _______ contrast
A

Higher

21
Q
  1. T/F: Changing mAs affects the subject contrast
A

False

22
Q
  1. When evaluating pediatric patients, exposure time

must be _______, due to thinner parts

A

Faster

23
Q
  1. Source image distance is _____ for stationary units
A

Fixed

24
Q
  1. To control optical density, you change ______.
A

mAs

25
Q
  1. To control contrast, you change ______.
A

kVp

26
Q
  1. To control distortion, you change _______.
A

Patient position

27
Q
  1. when you have a high subject contrast, such as a chest, the safest way to create a lower image contrast
    is to use _____kVp and _______mAs
A

High kVp, low mAs

28
Q
  1. In order to produce a visible change in optical density, mAs must be changed by at least _____%
A

30%

29
Q
  1. In order to produce a visible change in optical density, kVp must be changed by at least _____%
A

4%

30
Q
  1. For the most part, the principle action of radiation on humans is ________.
A

Indirect (due to radiolysis of water)

31
Q
  1. Radiosensitivity increases as….
A

(all of the above)

  • age of tissue decreases
  • metabolic activity increases
  • cell proliferation rate increases
  • tissue growth rate increases
32
Q
  1. According to the Law of Bergonie and Tribondeau, stem cells are radiosensitive. The 1st type of stem cells
    to be affected are…
A

Hematologic System cells (first system to affected is the blood, and you go into
hematologic depression)

33
Q
  1. …(continued from 32) the second type of cells to be affected are…
A

GI gut lining cells

34
Q
  1. …(continued from 32) the last type of cells to be affected are…
A

CNS cells

35
Q
  1. What part of the body is the least radiosensitive?
A

The foot!!!

36
Q
  1. Because skin is nonlinear, what is its threshold dose?
A

200 rads

37
Q
  1. What type of chromosomal aberrations are

considered to be the most significant in terms of latent human damage?

A

Multi-hit aberrations

38
Q
  1. T/F: Gonadal dysfunction requires a high minimum dose.
A

False

gonadal damage can happen with only a 10rad exposure, a very low minimum dose

39
Q
  1. The absolute risk is…
A

The number of cases of a given effect per rad per year

40
Q
  1. The excess risk is…
A

The number of observed cases minus the expected cases

41
Q
  1. the relative risk is…
A

The number of observed cases divided by the number

of expected cases

42
Q
  1. The acute threshold of Cataract formation is….
A

2 Gy

43
Q
  1. Females are ___ times more susceptible to thyroid

carcinoma

A

3 times

44
Q
  1. Doubling dose is…
A

The amount of radiation needed to double the mutation

rate.

45
Q
  1. In order to reduce exposure, we ____ time, _____

distance, and _____ shielding.

A

Minimize time, maximize distance, employ shielding

46
Q
  1. T/F: Grids do not improve patient or doctor safety
A

True

47
Q
  1. What determines barrier thickness?
A

The highest energy level employed by the x-ray unit (changes from machine to machine)

KSUCPM IMAGING (42 decks)

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