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Anatomy for Funeral Service > Final Exam Study Guide > Flashcards

Final Exam Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

Relating to the line of union in an immovable articulation.

A

Sutural

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2
Q

A covering or layer

A

Tunic

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3
Q

A fossa is a …

A

Shallow depression

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4
Q

A gland is a secretory organ or structure that can manufacture ____

A

Secretions

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5
Q

A meatus is…

A

a passage or opening through a bone

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6
Q

A prominence or projection.

A

Eminence

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7
Q

A temporarily unossified area on the surface of the cranium of an infant.

A

Fontanel

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8
Q

Accessory (auxiliary) refers to a _______ structure that resembles a similar organ in structure and function.

A

Lesser

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9
Q

Albumin is…

A

A protein found in blood plasma

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10
Q

An anatomic landmark that appears as a blunt projection…

A

Protuberance

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11
Q

An organism whose right and left halves are similar images of each other…

A

Bilateral Symmetry

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12
Q

Anatomically speaking where does the heart lie with the relation to the lungs?

A

Medial

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13
Q

Anatomy is the branch of science dealing with the study of the ______ of the body.

A

Structure

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14
Q

Any small bone…

A

Ossicles

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15
Q

At right angles to another surface…

A

Perpendicular

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16
Q

At the hilus of the kidney, what is found there?

A

Renal vein, Renal artery, Ureter

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17
Q

Between which chambers of the heart is the tricuspid valve located?

A

Right Atrium and Right Ventricle

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18
Q

Bone embedded in a tendon…

A

Sesamoid bone

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19
Q

Curved protuberance a the end of a bone…

A

Condyle

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20
Q

Dilated channel for venous blood…

A

Sinus

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21
Q

Endocrine pertains to a ______ gland that secretes directly into the bloodstream.

A

Ductless

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22
Q

Entrance or exit of any anatomical surface…

A

Orifice

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23
Q

Exocrine pertains to a gland that delivers its secretion through _______.

A

A duct

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24
Q

Farther away from the point of attachment or from the trunk…

A

Distal

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25
Q

Generally, what would describe veins?

A

they are provided with valves

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26
Q

Group of organs arranged or the performance of a specific function

A

System

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27
Q

Heterocrine is a gland that has both _____ and _____ functions.

A

Endocrine/Exocrine

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28
Q

Histology is the study of…

A

Tissues

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29
Q

How are muscles attached to bone?

A

Tendons

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30
Q

How is most oxygen transported in the blood?

A

Bonded to hemoglobin in RBCs

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31
Q

How many arterial branches are associated with the ascending aorta?

A

2

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32
Q

How many bones are involved in the make-up of the human skeleton?

A

206

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33
Q

How many layers of the meninges are there?

A

Three

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34
Q

How many vertebrae are involved in the make-up the adult spinal column?

A

26

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35
Q

If all the cells and factors associated with clotting were removed from the blood, what would remain?

A

Serum

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36
Q

In anatomical study, what term describes the direction toward the foot end of the body?

A

Inferior

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37
Q

In hepatic portal circulation, blood from the digestive organs and spleen circulates through which organ before returning to what organ?

A

Liver/Heart

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38
Q

In internal respiration, how does oxygen diffuse?

A

Blood to the tissue fluid

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39
Q

In the blood, the blood cells make up ___% of total blood volume?

A

15%

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40
Q

In which chamber of the heart does systemic circulation begins?

A

Left Ventricle

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41
Q

Includes the arteries, capillaries, veins, and lymphatics.

A

Vascular System

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42
Q

Into which vessel does the internal jugular vein empty?

A

Brachiocephalic

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43
Q

Joint in which the bones are connected by fibrocartilage.

A

Symphasis

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44
Q

Membranous sac or receptacle for secretion or excretion.

A

Bladder

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45
Q

Membranous structure in a hollow organ or passage which closes and opens to permit flow of fluid in one direction.

A

Valve

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46
Q

Myology is the study of…

A

Muscles

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47
Q

Nearest to the point of attachment of a limb to the trunk of the body.

A

Proximal

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48
Q

Normal or abnormal bending away; an arc.

A

Curvature

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49
Q

Of the following arteries, which would be considered to be a singular artery?
A. Common iliac
B. Internal carotid
C. Brachiocephalic
D. Ovarian

A

Brachiocephalic

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50
Q

Of the following terms, what is the one that identifies as an important body cavity?
A. Cervical
B. Abdominal
C. Popliteal
D. Ventricular

A

Abdominal

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51
Q

On which of the following bones is the cribriform plate found?

A

Ethmoid

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52
Q

Openings of the nose…

A

Nares

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53
Q

Oral is pertaining to the ____

A

Mouth

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54
Q

Partition that divides the nasal cavities…

A

Nasal septum

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55
Q

Passageway in the temporal bone through which the internal carotid artery passes.

A

Carotid Canal

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56
Q

Pertaining to a sac-like structure.

A

Cystic

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57
Q

Pertaining to bile.

A

Biliary

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58
Q

Pertaining to or composed of vessels…

A

Vascular

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59
Q

Pertaining to or forming the wall of a cavity.

A

Parietal

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60
Q

Pertaining to or situated near the surface of the body or body part.

A

Superficial

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61
Q

Pertaining to the cheek bone…

A

Zygomatic

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62
Q

Pertaining to the front of the chest.

A

Pectoral

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63
Q

Pertaining to the middle; toward the median plane of the body…

A

Medial

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64
Q

Posterior or towards the back…

A

Dorsal

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65
Q

Reduction of harmful properties of a poisonous substance…

A

Detoxification

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66
Q

Referring to the organ system that carries out gas exchange…

A

Respiratory System

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67
Q

Refers to the front side of the body or structure.

A

Anterior (Ventral)

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68
Q

Relating to the cheek or the mouth…

A

Buccal

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69
Q

Resistance to flow of a liquid…

A

Viscosity

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70
Q

Ridges in the walls if the nasal cavity…

A

Cochae

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71
Q

Salivary pertains to the formation of ___

A

Saliva

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72
Q

Smooth muscle around the exit of the stomach into the duodenum.

A

Pyloric Sphincter

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73
Q

Study of the heart….

A

Cardiology

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74
Q

Suprarenal (adrenal) means located on the superior border of the ______.

A

Kidney

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75
Q

Sweating cools the body by what process?

A

Evaporation

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76
Q

The appendicular skeleton is made up of the pectoral girdle, ________, and ________ __________.

A

Upper and lower extremities

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77
Q

The axial skeleton is the central structure to which the ____ is attached…

A

Appendicular skeleton

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78
Q

The pubic symphysis is the slightly movable junction of the ____ portion of the os coxae…

A

Anterior

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79
Q

The colon is the part of the large intestine that begins with the ____ and ends with the ____

A

Ascending colon and Sigmoid colon

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80
Q

The connection between two or more bones. Another word for a joint.

A

Articulation

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81
Q

The digestive system tube that goes from the mouth to the anus.

A

Alimentary Canal

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82
Q

The external auditory meatus is the _________ opening of the ear or auditory canal.

A

Lateral/Inner

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83
Q

The function of the lymph nodes is to destroy pathogens in what area?

A

Lymph coming from the extremities

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84
Q

The Islets of Langerhans…

A

Cluster of cells in the pancreas that produce insulin

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85
Q

The lymph nodes that destroy pathogens in lymph returning from the arms are called…

A

Axillary

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86
Q

The malleus, incus, and stapes are within which of the following bones and what are they concerned with?
A. Maxilla/Hearing
B. Mandible/Hearing
C. Occipital bone/Hearing
D. Temporal bone/Hearing

A

Temporal bone/Hearing

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87
Q

The mandibular fossa is a depression in the _______ bone into which the condyle of the mandible fits.

A

Temporal

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88
Q

The organs that participate in the secretion, storage, and delivery of bile to the duodenum.

A

Biliary Tract

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89
Q

The pH or potential of hydrogen is a number signifying the ___ or ___ of a solution…

A

Acidity or Alkalinity

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90
Q

The pubic symphysis is the slightly movable junction of the ______ portion of the os coxae.

A

Anterior

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91
Q

The receptors for vision are located in which part of the eye?

A

Retina

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92
Q

The undersurface of an organ or a structure below another surface…

A

Inferior

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93
Q

The vermiform appendix is a worm shaped tube connected to the ____

A

Cecum

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94
Q

The vertebral artery is located as leaving which of the following arteries to supply blood to the Circle of Willis?
A. Subclavian
B. Internal carotid
C. External carotid
D. Axillary

A

Subclavian

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95
Q

To raise the vessels necessary to embalm one of the lower extremities, one will usually raise the femoral artery and femoral vein in what region?

A

Femoral triangle

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96
Q

To what organ is the cystic artery known to supply blood?

A

Gall bladder

97
Q

Toward the central part of a structure, below the surface…

A

Deep

98
Q

Union of two vessels going into the same body part…

A

Anastomoses

99
Q

Urinary pertains to the secretion or storage of ____

A

Urine

100
Q

Wall dividing two cavities…

A

Septum

101
Q

Well defined parts of an organ separated by boundaries…

A

Lobes

102
Q

What anatomical structure is found between the subclavian and axillary arteries?

A

1st Rib

103
Q

What are serous fluids?

A

A fluid that prevents friction and is found between pleural membranes

104
Q

What are the blood cells responsible for clotting?

A

Thrombocytes

105
Q

What are the blood vessels that carry blood in the general direction of the heart?

A

Veins

106
Q

What are the branches of the trachea?

A

Primary bronchi, one to each lung

107
Q

What are the cells in the hemopoietic tissues that undergo mitosis to produce all the types of blood cells?

A

Stem Cells

108
Q

What are the chambers of the heart that receive blood from veins?

A

Right and Left Atria

109
Q

What are the elements of a carbohydrate?

A

Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen

110
Q

What are the layers of the eyeball, in order from the outermost?

A

Sclera, Choroid, Retina

111
Q

What are the neurons that carry impulses from the CNS to effectors?

A

Motor neurons

112
Q

What are the three major structural parts of a cell?

A

Plasma Membrane, Nucleus, Cytoplasm

113
Q

What are the two organ systems that are most responsible for protecting the body against pathogens?

A

Integumentary and Lymphatic

114
Q

What are the visual receptors that detect color in the eye?

A

Cones

115
Q

What are the WBCs that recognize foreign antigens and produce antibodies?

A

Lymphocytes

116
Q

What are two hormones that help maintain normal blood pressure by maintaining normal blood volume?

A

ADH and Aldosterone

117
Q

What artery is the continuation of the popliteal and extends to the top of the foot where it becomes the dorsalis pedis artery?

A

Anterior tibial

118
Q

What branch of the abdominal aorta creates a supply of blood to the stomach?

A

Celiac Trunk

119
Q

What does the term phrenic refer to?

A

Diaphragm

120
Q

What does the term visceral refer to?

A

Organs

121
Q

What is a group of organs acting together to perform a single function?

A

System

122
Q

What is a term that would describe glands that might secrete a hormone into the blood and put enzymes into the digestive tract?

A

Exocrine

123
Q

What is another name for Pouparts ligament?

A

Inguinal

124
Q

What is another name for red blood cells?

A

Erythrocytes

125
Q

What is another name for the right atrio-ventricular valve?

A

Tricuspid

126
Q

What is commonly found in veins below the level of the heart?

A

Valves

127
Q

What is found to create the medial border of the femoral triangle?

A

Adductor Longus

128
Q

What is the amber colored watery liquid that occupies the intercellular spaces of the tissues?

A

Tissue fluid

129
Q

What is the artery formed by the union of the right and left vertebral artery?

A

Basilar

130
Q

What is the artery that begins as a continuation of the external iliac artery and terminates by becoming the popliteal artery?

A

Femoral Artery

131
Q

What is the branch of the abdominal aorta that provides blood supply to the kidney?

A

Renal

132
Q

What is the branch of the external carotid artery that ends by providing blood supply to the chin, lips and nose?

A

Facial

133
Q

What is the branch of the external carotid that serves to provide blood supply the scalp immediately behind that ear?

A

Posterior Auricular

134
Q

What is the branch of the internal carotid artery providing the blood supply to the eyes?

A

Ophthalmic

135
Q

What is the clumping of bacteria by attached antibodies called?

A

Agglultination

136
Q

What is the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the environment?

A

External respiration

137
Q

What is the fluid contained within the spaces surrounding the brain?

A

Cerebrospinal fluid

138
Q

What is the function of cilia?

A

To sweep materials across a surface

139
Q

What is the hereditary material of cells?

A

DNA

140
Q

What is the imaginary, vertical plane that cuts through a cadaver, from side to side, at right angles to the mid-sagittal plane?

A

Coronal Plane

141
Q

What is the innermost layer of the heart?

A

Endocardium

142
Q

What is the largest salivary gland found in the body?

A

Parotid

143
Q

What is the largest section of the brain?

A

Cerebrum

144
Q

What is the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity?

A

Peritoneum

145
Q

What is the mineral in hemoglobin that bonds to the oxygen?

A

Iron

146
Q

What is the name of the fetal blood vessel that carries blood from the placenta to the fetus?

A

Umbilical vein

147
Q

What is the normal pH of living blood?

A

7.4

148
Q

What is the part of the mandible and maxilla where the teeth are located?

A

Alveolar Process

149
Q

What is the part of the stomach that creates the upper dome?

A

Fundus

150
Q

What is the portion of the blood that is about 95% water?

A

Plasma

151
Q

What is the process, by which a blood cell surrounds, engulfs and destroys foreign substances in the blood?

A

Phagocytosis

152
Q

What is the purpose of the coronary vessels?

A

Supply the heart with oxygenated blood

153
Q

What is the space between two neurons where a neurotransmitter carries the impulse?

A

Synapse

154
Q

What is the term to describe the orifice located between the esophagus and the stomach?

A

Cardiac Orifice

155
Q

What is the term used to describe a hole in a bone?

A

Foramen

156
Q

What is the term used to describe the outer layer of the pericardial membranes?

A

Fibrous Pericardium

157
Q

What is the valve located in the orifice between the stomach and small intestine?

A

Pyloric

158
Q

What is the vein which begins as a continuation of the axillary vein and terminated by uniting with the internal jugular vein to become the brachiocephalic vein?

A

Subclavian vein

159
Q

What is the vessel on the medial side of the forearm that is formed by the bifurcation of the brachial artery?

A

Ulnar artery

160
Q

What is the vessel which originates on the lateral side of the foot and terminated by draining in to the popliteal vein?

A

Lesser Saphenous vein

161
Q

What organ is the internal carotid artery is most closely associated with providing blood supply?

A

Brain

162
Q

What part of the brain regulates body temperature and the autonomic nervous system?

A

Hypothalamus

163
Q

What part of the brain that coordinates voluntary movement?

A

Cerebellum

164
Q

What part of the brain that coordinates voluntary movement?

A

Cerebellum

165
Q

What regulates the size of the pupil?

A

Iris

166
Q

What term is used to describe a cavity in some bones?

A

Antrum

167
Q

What term is used to describe the fluid that is contained within the spaces surrounding the brain?

A

Cerebrospinal fluid

168
Q

What term is used to describe the study of the function of the body?

A

Physiology

169
Q

What term is used to mean the same thing as white blood cells?

A

Leukocytes

170
Q

What two systems use the pharynx?

A

Digestive and respiratory

171
Q

What type of body joints are said to be freely movable?

A

Diarthrosis

172
Q

What type of gland would the pancreas be classified as?

A

Exocrine?

173
Q

What type of gland would the pancreas be classified as?

A

Heterocrine

174
Q

What vessel is found to originate as the 3rd branch of the aortic arch?

A

Left Subclavian

175
Q

What vessel originates as one of the branches of the brachiocephalic artery and terminates by becoming the axillary artery?

A

Right subclavian Artery

176
Q

What vessel provides the origin for the ovarian and testicular arteries?

A

Abdominal aorta

177
Q

When blood exits the left ventricle of the heart, what/where does the blood enter?

A

Aorta

178
Q

Where are the auditory ossicles located?

A

Temporal Bone

179
Q

Where are the parietal pleura found?

A

Lining of the chest cavity

180
Q

Where are the receptors for hearing and equilibrium located?

A

Inner Ear

181
Q

Where do capillaries carry blood from?

A

Arterioles to Venules

182
Q

Where does the external jugular vein terminate?

A

Subclavian Vein

183
Q

Where is red bone marrow found in the body?

A

Spongy bone in flat and irregular bones

184
Q

What type of elementary tissue is blood?

A

Connective

185
Q

Where is the exchange of gases found in internal respiration?

A

Systemic capillaries and body tissues

186
Q

Where is the parietal pleura found?

A

Lining the chest cavity

187
Q

Where will most of the blood volume of the body at any given time be found?

A

Capillaries

188
Q

Where would the masseter muscle be located?

A

Cheek

189
Q

Which blood cells are responsible for coagulation of blood?

A

Platelets

190
Q

Which bone contains auditory muscles?

A

Temporal

191
Q

Which cranial nerve decreases heart rate when stimulated?

A

Vagus

192
Q

Which is the first part of the ear to vibrate with sound waves?

A

Eardrum

193
Q

Which lymph vessel returns lymph to the left subclavian vein?

A

Thoracic Duct

194
Q

Which membrane is NOT paired with its proper location?
A. Parietal pleura–lines the thoracic cavity
B. Peritoneum–lines abdominal organs
C. Meninges–lines the cranial cavity
D. Visceral pleura–covers the lungs

A

Meninges – Lines the cranial cavity

195
Q

Which mineral is needed for chemical clotting of blood?

A

Calcium

196
Q

Which of the following arteries are found in the palm of the hand?
A. Greater arches
B. Lesser arches
C. Plantar
D. Volar

A

Volar

197
Q

Which of the following arteries are paired visceral branches of the abdominal aorta?

A

Suprarenal

198
Q

Which of the following descriptions is accurate for the right lung?
A. is smaller than the left
B. is larger than the left
C. has two lobes
D. has one lobe

A

Is larger than the left

199
Q

Which of the following glands is an example of an exocrine gland?
A. Thyroid
B. Pituitary
C. Adrenal
D. Salivary

A

Salivary

200
Q

Which of the following hormones lowers blood glucose levels y enabling cells to take in glucose?
A. Cortisol
B. Glucagon
C. Growth Hormone
D. Insulin

A

Insulin

201
Q

Which of the following is a paired visceral branch of the abdominal aorta?

A. Esophageal
B. Pericardial
C. Suprarenal
D. Superior mesenteric

A

C. Suprarenal

202
Q

Which of the following is the artery that branches to supply blood flow to the descending colon and sigmoid colon?

A

Inferior Mesenteric

203
Q

Which of the following is the correct description of the location of a layer of meninges?
A. Middle – Pia mater
B. Middle – Dura mater
C. Inner – Pia mater
D. Outer – Pia mater

A

Inner – Pia mater

204
Q

Which of the following is true of an endocrine duct?
A. There are four ducts
B. There is no duct
C. There is no blood supply
D. There is no secretion

A

There is no duct

205
Q

Which of the following products is the waste from cell respiration?
A. ATP
B. carbon dioxide
C. water
D. heat

A

Carbon Dioxide

206
Q

Which of the following senses is the olfactory nerve associated?

A

Smell

207
Q

Which of the following state mets describes what occurs when a muscles contracts?
A. Shortens and pushes or pulls the bone
B. Shortens and pulls the bone
C. Lengthens and pulls a bone
D. Shortens and pulls then pushes a bone

A

Shortens and pushes or pulls a bone

208
Q

Which of the following statements describes the endocardium that lines the chambers of the heart?
A. it prevents friction when the heart beats
B. it prevents backflow of blood into the lungs
C. it helps pump blood out of the heart
D. is smooth to prevent abnormal clotting in the heart

A

D. is smooth to prevent abnormal clotting in the heart

209
Q

Which of the following systems of the body includes the brains?
A. Central nervous system
B. Peripheral nervous system
C. Muscular system
D. Circulatory system

A

Central nervous system

210
Q

Which of the following terms describes the vessel into which the left ventricle pumps blood?
A. pulmonary vein
B. superior vena cava
C. pulmonary artery
D. aorta

A

Aorta

211
Q

Which of the following terms refers to the oxygen carrying protein of RBCs

A

Hemoglobin

212
Q

Which of the following vessels entering the heart that provides for the drainage from the abdomen and the lower extremities?
A. Abdominal aorta
B. Common iliac
C. Superior vena cava
D. Inferior vena cava

A

Inferior vena cava

213
Q

Which of the following vessels receives blood from the celiac axis artery?
1. Liver 2. Stomach 3. Spleen 4. Cecum

A

1, 2, and 3

214
Q

Which of these is a bone of the face?
A. Vomer
B. Ethmoid
C. Frontal
D. Temporal

A

Vomer

215
Q

Which of these is a bone of the upper jaw?
A. vomer
B. lacrimal
C. zygoma
D. maxilla

A

Maxilla

216
Q

Which of these joints is not a freely moveable joint?
A. Symphysis
B. Pivot
C. Saddle
D. Hinge

A

Symphysis

217
Q

Which part of the brain initiates voluntary movement in the body?

A

Frontal Lobe

218
Q

Which spinal nerve group is matched with its correct number of pairs?

A

Lumbar - 5

219
Q

Which statement is true of cells?
A. Cells are the smallest living subunits or structure and function
B. The human body contains few types of cells
C. Cells are not made of inorganic chemicals
D. A group of cells with similar structure and function is called an organ

A

Cells are the smallest living subunits of structure and function

220
Q

Which term best describes the direction toward the head of the body?

A

Superior

221
Q

Which term describes the middle region of the abdomen?

A

Umbilical

222
Q

Which vein begins as a continuation of the axillary vein and terminates by uniting with the internal jugular to become the brachiocephalic vein?

A

Subclavian Vein

223
Q

Which veins of the body return embalming drainage to the right atrium?

A

Superior and Inferior vena cava

224
Q

Who is credited with the discovery of the circulation of blood?

A

William Harvey

225
Q

With which bone would the ramus be associated?

A

Mandible

226
Q

With which muscles is the galea aponeurotica associated?

A

Occiptofrontalis

227
Q

Within or on the inside of the body…

A

Internal

228
Q

used to describe muscles that bend body parts?

A

Flexors

229
Q

Which of the following joints is an example of a ball and socket?
A. femur and tibia
B. scapula and ulna
C. tibia and fibula
D. femur and hip bone

A

Femur and hip bone

230
Q

What is the imaginary, vertical plane that cuts through a cadaver, from side to side, at right angles to the mid-sagittal plane?

A

Coronal Plane

231
Q

What are the minute tendinous chords that attach the atria-ventricular valves of the heart to the papillary muscles?

A

Chordae Tendineae

232
Q

What is the process whereby oxygen is exchanged for carbon dioxide at the level of a body cell?

A

Internal Respiration

233
Q

What is the blood vessel entering the heart, which provides for the drainage from the head and upper extremities?

A

Superior Vena Cava

234
Q

What is the branch of the arch of the aorta which provides the blood supply to the right upper extremity?

A

Innominate

235
Q

Situated at or pertaining to a center point.

A

Central

236
Q

When there is a rupture in the vascular system, what blood cells would be responsible for clotting?

A

Thrombocytes

237
Q

What is a term that would describe glands that might secrete a hormone into the blood and put enzymes into the digestive tract?

A

Heterocrine

238
Q

What is the space between two neurons where a neurotransmitter carries the impulse?

A

Synapse

239
Q

Which of the following arteries is involved in the make-up of the Circle of Willis?

A

Anatomy for Funeral Service (16 decks)

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