Chapters 5,6,7,8 Study Guide

Question 1

Alimentary Canal

Answer 1

muscular tube extending through the entire body, from the mouth to the anal canal and is approximately 29-30 feet long

Question 2

Anterior Nares

Answer 2

Oval shaped holes at the base of the nose that provide an entryway into the nose (nostrils)

Question 3

Anus

Answer 3

the external opening of the anal canal where waste products leave the body

Question 4

Ascending Colon

Answer 4

located on the right side of the abdomen, from the cecum up towards the liver

Question 5

What is the average capacity of the human bladder

Answer 5

700-800 Milliliters

Question 6

Bile

Answer 6

comes from the liver and is a digestive juice which is transported to the duodenum through the bile ducts. it emulsifies fat globules or breaks them down into smaller particles so other digestives enzymes can work effectively

Question 7

Buccal Cavity

Answer 7

the mouth consists of the vestibule, the hard palate, the soft palate, and tongue

Question 8

Chemical Digestion

Answer 8

enzymes splitting large molecules into smaller ones capable of being absorbed through the walls of the digestive tract and into the blood or lymph vessels

Question 9

What are the chief organs of the Urinary System

Answer 9

The kidneys

Question 10

At what age do children lose their deciduous teeth?

Answer 10

around age 6 and near age 12 have permanent teeth

Question 11

Descending Colon

Answer 11

down the left side of the abdomen

Question 12

Digestion

Answer 12

breaking down ingested food into simpler products suitable for absorption, then metabolized by the body

Question 13

Accessory organs of the Digestive System

Answer 13

1. Teeth
2. Tongue
3. Salivary Glands
4. Liver
5. Gallbladder
   6.Pancreas

Question 14

Esophagus

Answer 14

a muscular tube approx. 10 inches long which serves as a passageway for food between the pharynx and stomach. It’s only function is delivery. The esophagus passes through one of the main openings of the diaphragm in order to reach the stomach which is called the esophageal orifice

Question 15

Eustachian Tubes

Answer 15

located in the nasopharynx there are 2 openings into the auditory tubes these are passageways which connect the middle ear to the throat and allow for the equalization of pressure between the middle ear and the outside of the body

Question 16

External Respiration

Answer 16

respiration happens in 2 distinct locations. one in the capillary beds of the lungs where the exchange of metabolic gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) occur

Question 17

How long is the female menstrual cycle?

Answer 17

The average length is 28 days

Question 18

How long is the female urethra?

Answer 18

1 1/2 inches long

Question 19

How long is the male urethra?

Answer 19

Averages about 8 inches in length

Question 20

Insulin

Answer 20

The endocrine section of the pancreas is insulin. Insulin is given off directly into the bloodstream and is important in metabolizing carbohydrates by the cells of the body

Question 21

Internal Respiration

Answer 21

oxygen taken in by the red blood cells and carbon dioxide is given off respiration that takes place when red cells gives up oxygen to individual body cells and take on carbon dioxide

Question 22

Kidney Pelvis

Answer 22

the upper expanded part of the ureter and serves as a collecting basin for urine which is funneled out of the kidney

Question 23

What is the largest gland in the body?

Answer 23

The liver

Question 24

Laryngopharynx

Answer 24

the inferior segment named because it communicates with the larynx or voice box of the respiratory system

Question 25

Mechanical Digestion

Answer 25

the physical pulverization of food by chewing to break into smaller bits, then swallowing it and having the smooth muscles in the walls of the digestive tract churn the food up so that it will be satisfactory mixed with with the chemical enzymes present in the tract

Question 26

Parotid Glands

Answer 26

The parotid glands are two salivary glands that sit just in front of the ears. There is one on each side of the face. Salivary glands make saliva to help with chewing and digesting food. There are many salivary glands in the lips, cheeks, mouth and throat.
para = in the vicinity of + oto = ear
located in the posterior lower jaw area, just in front of the lower part of the ear

Question 27

What is the purpose of a mature follicle?

Answer 27

also known as a Graafian follicle. this starts as an ovum from the ovaries and eventually matures once mature it breaks through the wall of the ovary in the ovulation process and will migrate to the fallopian tube to be fertelized by sperm

Question 28

Serosa

Answer 28

the outer layer of serous membrane. In the abdominal area this membrane is also known as visceral peritoneum. One particular section of peritoneum which anchors the intestines to the posterior abdominal wall, and transmits vessels and nerves, is known as mesentery

Question 29

Sigmoid Colon

Answer 29

from the lower left part of the abdomen over to the midline of the body where it terminates by joining the rectum

Question 30

Teeth

Answer 30

specialized organ for biting, chewing , and tearing food and are located in the alveolar processes of the maxilla and mandible

Question 31

Testes

Answer 31

paired oval shaped glands contained within the scrotum and is significant in the production and development of spermatozoa the location of the testes is ideal because sperm is partially dependent on a temp range of 1-3 centigrade cooler than that of the pelvic cavity

Question 32

Tongue

Answer 32

highly mobile, muscular organ which occupies the floor of the oral cavity. Important in voice production, aids in the process of mastication (chewing)

Question 33

Trachea

Answer 33

aka the windpipe and is located immediately below the larynx partially in the cervical region and partially in the thoracic cavity about 4 1/2 inches long the trachea is formed of a stack of c shaped cartilage rings lined with mucous membrane

Question 34

Transverse Colon

Answer 34

across the upper abdomen from the area of the liver over toward the spleen in the upper left abdomen

Question 35

What percentage of urine is water?

Answer 35

95% water and 5% waste product

Question 36

What hormone is produced by the testes?

Answer 36

Testosterone

Question 37

What hormones do the ovaries produce?

Answer 37

Estrogen and Progesterone

Question 37

What makes up the urinary system?

Answer 37

The urinary system consists of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. The kidneys form the urine and account for the other functions attributed to the urinary system. The ureters carry the urine away from kidneys to the urinary bladder, which is a temporary reservoir for the urine.

Question 38

What produces spermatozoa?

Answer 38

The testes

Question 39

Where does a fetus develop?

Answer 39

The uterus

Question 40

Where is the liver?

Answer 40

The liver is located in the upper right-hand portion of the abdominal cavity, beneath the diaphragm, and on top of the stomach, right kidney, and intestines.

Question 41

Zygote

Answer 41

A fertilized ovum