Final Exam - Other Questions

Question 1

The four most important adaptations of reptiles for a terrestrial lifestyle:

Answer 1

1. Amniotic Egg
2. Dry Skin
3. Air-breathing lung
4. Strong limbs

Question 2

The most important aquatic/marine reptiles in the Mesozoic Era:

Answer 2

1. Turtles
2. Crocodiles
3. Icthyosaurs
4. Plesiosaurs
5. Mosasaurs

Question 3

The most important flying reptiles in the Mesozoic Era:

Answer 3

1. Pterosaurs

2. Birds

Question 4

List parts of amniotic egg, draw, and label

Answer 4

shell, chorion, allantois, amnion, yolk in yolk sac (see L22)

Question 5

When did the evolutionary line leading to mammals split from the line leading to reptiles?

Answer 5

In the late paleozoic, possibly as early as Mississippian, but certainly by permian

Question 6

Lobe-Finned Fish (Eusthenopteron) vs. Labyrinthodont amphibian (Ichthyostega) - Top view of Skulls:

Answer 6

Lobe finned fish have narrower bones in the front of the jaw and elongate bones along the side of the skull (toward the rear) to protect the gills, whereas the Labyrinthodont has broader bones in front and smaller bones in the side (gill) region

Question 7

Lobe-Finned Fish (Eusthenopteron) vs. Labyrinthodont amphibian (Ichthyostega) - Side view of Skulls:

Answer 7

Lobe finned fish have short snout in the front and the large, broad bones in the rear of the skull to protect the gills, whereas the labyrinthodont has a more elongate snout, the larger teeth the more massive jaw bones

Question 8

What has narrower bones in front of the jaw, LFF or LAB?

Answer 8

LFF, LAB are broader in front

Question 9

What has larger bones on the side near the gills, LFF or LAB?

Answer 9

LFF to protect, LAB are smaller

Question 10

What has a short snout, a long snout, out of LFF and LAB?

Answer 10

LFF has a short snout in the front, LAB has a more elongate snout

Question 11

What has larger teeth, LFF or LAB?

Answer 11

LAB

Question 12

What has a larger jaw bone, LFF or LAB?

Answer 12

LAB

Question 13

Compare the visibility of the Homologous limb bones of the lobe-finned fish and the labyrinthodonts:

Answer 13

the LFF homologous limb bones can be seen in both the lobe-fin fish and the amphibian

Question 14

Compare the backbones of the lobe-finned fish and the labyrinthodonts

Answer 14

Vertebrae of LFF are loosely articulated in the lobe-fin fish, but the vertebrae in the amphibian are more rigidly locked together

Question 15

Class Agnatha vs. Class Placodermi

Answer 15

Agnatha are jawless fish, Placodermi are primitive jawed fish

Question 16

Order Saurischia vs. Order Ornithischia

Answer 16

Order Saurischia = lizard - hipped dinosaurs; Order Ornithischia = bird - hipped dinosaurs

Question 17

Homeotherm vs. Poikilotherm

Answer 17

Homeotherm = an animal that maintains a constant body temperature (generally endothermic); Poikilotherm = an animal whose body temperature fluctuates significantly (generally ectothermic)

Question 18

Lobe fins vs Ray fins

Answer 18

Lobe fins have a more primative arm structure with humerous, ulna, and radius, but the ray finned does not.