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Pharm > Final Exam Misc. > Flashcards

Final Exam Misc. Flashcards

1
Q

secondary adverse reaction

A

additional to the desired effect

-eg. antihistamines make you drowsy

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2
Q

cytotoxic effect

A
  • attack and lysis of the cell that has the drug -on it

- causes drug-induced hemolytic anemia

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3
Q

serum sickness

A

caused by body reacting to antibodies combining with the drug
-lyme disease

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4
Q

delayed reaction

A

time-lapse between taking the drug and adverse reactions

-eg. poison ivy

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5
Q

labs for antifungals

A

ALT and AST… liver labs

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6
Q

causes and s/s of disulfiram-like reactions

A
  • disulfiram = Antabuse
  • taking metronidazole with alcohol
  • s/s: n/v, flushing, tachy, shortness of breath… problem with CO until proven otherwise
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7
Q

problem with any antineoplastic agent that starts with a “d”, like “doxyrubicin”

A

bad effects on the heart

  • check for hypertrophy
  • causes mouth sores
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8
Q

SIADH

A
  • syndrome of inappropriate ADH
  • too much ADH causes extreme fluid retention
  • patient will need a diuretic
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9
Q

how to draw up insulin

A
  1. put air in the intermediate
  2. put air in the rapid
  3. draw up the rapid
  4. draw up the intermediate
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10
Q

most dangerous side effect of SSRIs

A

fever- hypertensive crisis

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11
Q

where are alpha 1 receptors located

A

eyes, salivary glands, GI/ GU sphincters, arterioles

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12
Q

where are alpha 2 receptors located?

A

smooth muscle, NMJ synapse

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13
Q

where are beta 1 receptors located?

A

heart, brain, kidneys

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14
Q

where are beta 2 receptors located?

A

smooth muscle, bronchioles, liver, uterus

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15
Q

side effects of all beta blockers

A

problems with heart and lungs

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16
Q

treating angina

A

MONA- morphine, oxygen, nitroglycerin, aspirin

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17
Q

drugs that treat problems with afterload

A

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors

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18
Q

antidote to warfarin

A

vitamin K

19
Q

labs for warfarin

A

PT and INR

20
Q

antidote to enoxaprin

A

protamine sulfate

21
Q

labs for enoxaprin and heparin

A

PTT

22
Q

definition of infertility

A

diagnosed after at least one year of regular unprotected intercourse

23
Q

assessments for clomiphene

A
  • has it been long enough to consider the pt infertile?

- is there ovarian function? (test by checking estradiol levels in the urine)

24
Q

clomiphene is known for…

A
  • having a baby that is anencephalic
  • gastroschisis- bowel is outside the body cavity when they are born
  • having a litter
25
Q

where do osmotic diuretics work

A

before the glomerulus

26
Q

where do carbonic anhydrase inhibitors work?

A

descending loop of Henle

27
Q

where do loop diuretics work?

A

in the ascending loop of Henle

28
Q

where do potassium-sparing diuretics work?

A

in the DCT

29
Q

where do thiazide diuretics work?

A

in the DCT

30
Q

s/s of UTI… bladder vs kidney infection

A
  • bladder: urinary frequency and urgency, burning on urination
  • kidney: chills, fever, flank pain and tenderness (associated with pyelonephritis)
31
Q
  • what chemotherapeutic agent causes hemorrhagic cystitis?

- what protects against it?

A
  • cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)

- Mesna

32
Q

location of M1 receptors

A

ENS and CNS

33
Q

location of M2 receptors

A

heart

34
Q

location of M3 receptors

A

eyes, exocrine glands, lungs, GI/GU

35
Q

Anticholinergic 4 aunties

A

antipsychotics, antihistamines, antidepressants, antiparkinsons

36
Q

rebound acidity

A

chronic use of antacids will tell the stomach to produce more acid, then you take more meds, which makes the stomach think its needs to produce even more, etc..

37
Q

teaching for pts on oral contraceptives

A
  • no protection against STDs
  • 1 pill missed: take 2 the next morning
  • 2 pills missed: take 2 for the next 2 mornings
  • 3 pills missed: all hope is lost and you have to start a new pack 7 days after the last pill was taken
38
Q

rapid acting insulin

A

aspart (Novolog)

lispro (Humalog)

39
Q

short acting insulin

A

regular (Humulin R)

40
Q

intermediate acting insulin

A

NPH (Humulin N)

41
Q

long acting insulin

A

glargine (Lantus)

42
Q

assessments for levothyroxin

A
  • s/e: insomnia, weight loss, heat intolerance

- therapeutic effects: decline in TSH levels

43
Q

diabetes insipidus

A
  • polyuria (pee a lot of dilute urine) and polydipsia (very thirsty)
  • DO NOT experience polyphasia (starving) like with DM
  • can be a problem with pituitary gland
  • opposite of SIADH

Pharm (20 decks)

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