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Pharm > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Main conducting airway into the lungs

A

trachea

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2
Q

Action that happens through the conducting airways of the upper respiratory tract

A

Ventilation- movement of air in and out of the mody

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3
Q

Action that happens at the alveoli

A

Gas exchange or respiration

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4
Q

Respiration is controlled by

A

CNS

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5
Q

Stimulates diaphragm to contract and cause inspiration

A

Vagus nerve

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6
Q

Cough and cold meds should not be used for whom?

A

Children under 2 years

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7
Q

Contraindications of antitussives

A

People who NEED to cough (eg. viral infection or post op patients), anything that suppresses the CNS, head injuries

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8
Q

Nursing implications for antitussives

A

airway clearance, respiratory depression (bc it suppresses the CNS), altered sensory perception, risk for falls

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9
Q

Contraindications of decongestants (topical and oral)

A

rhinitis medicamentosa, things that are exacerbated my sympathetic stimulation, glaucoma, non-intact mucus membranes (for topical)

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10
Q

Contraindications for decongestant topical steroids

A

infection

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11
Q

Nursing implications for decongestant topical steroids

A

Teach proper administration; teach to take in the morning bc it will keep you awake; immune system depression

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12
Q

Contraindications of antihistamines

A

cardiac arrhythmias, low BP, tachycardia, urinary retension

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13
Q

Anticholinergic Response

A

1) Eyes dilate 2) flushed, vasodilation 3) hyperthermia 4) dry skin 5) crazy, sleepy, hallucinating 6) urinary retention 7) tachycardia

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14
Q

Contraindications of expectorants

A

persistent, undiagnosed cough (more than 2 weeks); synergistic effects with analgesics and anything that will suppress the CNS, esp Tylenol, Aspirin, and alcohol

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15
Q

Antidote to Tylenol overdose

A

Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)

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16
Q

Contraindications of mucolytics

A

bronchospasms

17
Q

Difference between an expectorant and a mucolytic

A

Expectorant helps you cough it out, mucolytics break it up SO THAT you can cough it out

18
Q

Contraindications of sympathomimetic bronchodilators

A

conditions aggravated by sympathetic nervous system stimulation; African Americans have high death rate when on Salmeterol

19
Q

Contraindications of anticholinergic bronchodilators

A

Things aggravated by loss of Ach (myethenia gravis); allergy to soy or peanuts; BPH; glaucoma

20
Q

Therapeutic range of Xanthene drugs

A

10-20 mcg/mL

21
Q

Contraindications of xanthenes

A

things that have SNS stimulation

22
Q

Contraindications of inhaled steroid drugs

A

Not for acute symptoms (takes a long time to work), infection (bc it suppresses the immune system)

23
Q

Nursing indications for inhaled steroid drugs

A

Takes hours to days to become effective, rinse mouth out after use to avoid thrush, must be weened off to allow adrenal glands to reactivate

24
Q

Side effects of leukotriene receptor antagonists

A

causes SNC depression and myalgia; blocking WBC production so we’re depressing immunity- risk for infection

25
Q

Contraindications of mast cell stabilizers

A

not for acute symptoms; interferes with some types of contact lenses

26
Q

clinical representation of inflammation

A 
calor (heat)
tumor (swelling)
rubor (redness)
dolor (pain)
loss of function
27
Q

Contraindications of Salycyclates

A

bleeding disorders, chicken pox and influenza in children, someone who needs to clot, someone about to have surgery

28
Q

Major side effects of salycylates

A

bleeding, decreased cardiac output, hard on the stomach

29
Q

Special indication for indomethacin

A

closes PDAs in newborns

30
Q

Contraindications of propionic acids

A

people with ulcers or GI bleeding

31
Q

Major side effects of propionic acids

A

stomach pain and bleeding; ulcers with advil

32
Q

Contraindications of acetaminophen

A

allergy, chronic alcoholism, liver problems

33
Q

Major side effects of acetaminophen

A

highly liver toxic, suppresses bone marrow in taken long time; if bone marrow is suppressed then it wont make blood cells which won’t oxygenate the brain

34
Q

Contraindications of gold compounds

A

allergy to gold

35
Q

Major side effects of gold compounds

A

severe upper GI distress, lots of allergic reactions, bone marrow suppression

36
Q

Nursing Dx for gold compounds

A

Risk for tissue damage r/t hypersensitivity

37
Q

Contraindications to DMARDS

A

allergy to hampsters

38
Q

Major side effects of DMARDS

A

severe bone depression, increased risk for infection and increased risk for cancer development

39
Q

Side effects of immune modulator drugs

A

Makes the pt feel like they have the flu and gives risk for pulmonary edema

Pharm (20 decks)

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