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Anthropology 1 (Physical) > Final Exam Material > Flashcards

Final Exam Material Flashcards

1
Q

Sahelanthropus Tchadensis nickname

A

Toumai

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2
Q

Orroin Tugensis nickname

A

Millenium Man

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3
Q

Ardipithecus Ramidus nickname

A

Ardi

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4
Q

Australopithecus Anamesis nickname

A

Anam

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5
Q

Australopithecus Afarensis nickname

A

Lucy

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6
Q

Paranthropus Robustus nickname

A

Zinj

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7
Q

Paranthropus Boisei nickname

A

Nutcracker man

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8
Q

Paranthropus Aethiopicus nickname

A

Omo 18

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9
Q

Sahelanthropus Tchadensis existence year (EY) and discovery date

A

6.8mya, 2001

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10
Q

Orroin Tugenesis EY and DD

A

5.8mya, 2000

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11
Q

Ardipithecus Ramidus EY and DD

A

5.8-4.4mya, 1992

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12
Q

Australopithecus Anamesis EY DD

A

4.2-3.9mya, 1994, 1995, 1965

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13
Q

Australopithecus Afarensis EY DD

A

3.9-3.0mya , 1973 (knee), 1974 (AL288-1), 1975- first family, 1975-Laetoli, 20000 infant

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14
Q

Paranthropus Robustus EY DD

A

2.0-1.2mya, 1938

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15
Q

Paranthropus Boisei EY DD

A

2.3-1.2 mya, 1959

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16
Q

Paranthropus Aethiopicus EY DD

A

2.5-2.7mya, 1967

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17
Q

Australopithecus Africanus EY DD

A

2.7-2.0mya, 1924

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18
Q

Sahelanthropus Tchadensis region

A

Toros-menalla Chad in Sahel region

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19
Q

Orroin Tugenesis region

A

Lukeino Formation- Tugen Hills Kenya

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20
Q

Ardipithecus Ramidus region

A

Aramis middle awash region of Ethiopia

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21
Q

Australopithecus Anamesis region

A

Knapoi and Allia Bay bordering Lake Turkana in Kenya

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22
Q

Australopithecus Afarensis region

A

Hadar and Dikika of Ethiopia; Laetoli in Tanzania

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23
Q

Paranthropus Robustus region

A

South Africa Kromdraai

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24
Q

Paranthropus Aethiopicus region

A

Ethiopia

25
Q

Paranthropus Boisei region

A

Olduvai Gorge Tanzania

26
Q

Australopithecus Africanus region

A

Taung, Sterkfotein, Makapangsgat

27
Q

Michel Brunet of College de France

A

Sahelanthropus Tchandensis discoverer

28
Q

Martin Pickford and Brigitte Senut

A

Orroin Tugenesis discoverer

29
Q

Ardipithecus Ramidus discoverer

A

Tim White

30
Q

Australopithecus Anamesis discoverer

A

Meave Leakey

31
Q

Australopithecus Afranesis discoverer

A

Don Johnson, Maurice Taieb, Mary Leakey

32
Q

Paranthropus Robustus discoverer

A

Bloom

33
Q

Paranthropus Boisei discoverer

A

Mary Leakey

34
Q

Paranthropus Aethiopicus discoverer

A

Camille Arambourg and Yves Coppens

35
Q

Raymond Dart later, Robert Broom

A

Australopithecus Africanus

36
Q

Sahelanthropus Tchadensis significant features

A

Foramen Magnum-on the base of the cranium has a particular position at the base of the skull, suggesting bipedalism
Endocranial volume- 360cc (ape size brain)
Supraorbital torus- huge
Sagittal Crest-bone crest on skull, temporalis muscles attach to it-gives creature ability to eat plant roots and difficult materials
Weak subnasal prognathism-flat face

37
Q

Orroin Tugenesis significant features

A

Femur is overbuilt and curved inward- has much weight bearing properties-suggests bipediality

38
Q

Ardipithecus Ramidus significant features

A

) thin enamel suggests easy accessibility to resources, lived in largest patches of rainforest

39
Q

Australopithecus Anamesis significant features

A

Intermediate dentition b/n chimpanzees and humans. Similar to Lucy teeth. Straight rows of molars. Bipedal
possible predecessor to Lucy

40
Q

Australopithecus Afarensis
“Lucy”
significant features

A

Lucy brain volume: 380cc (female) 3ft tall males 4ft 9”
500cc male brain
420=average brain size
Polygenous mating system
Weird shaped skull- has a bell shaped cranium→ diminishes through time
Teeth- intermediate mandible. (v shaped) 2:1:2:3 y5
Semi sectorial first pre-molar with diastema gap
Footprints at laetoli

41
Q

Paranthropus Robustus significant features

A

Gorilla like headshape, teeth resembling a gorilla, 310-530cc brain.

42
Q

Paranthropus Boisei significant features

A

Large body, 500-550cc brain

Shoter foramen magnum, sexual dimorphism, skull designed for heavy chewing.

43
Q

Paranthropus Aethiopicus- significant features

A

Primitive traits, prognathic face, thought to be descendent of afarensis small brain (410cc)

44
Q

Nearly complete cranium 2 jaw fragments, 3 isolated teeth….

A

remains of Toumai/tchadensis

45
Q

Partial left femur, partial humerus, hand phalanx, 2 jaw fragments, 8 isolated teeth

A

remains of Milllenium man

46
Q

Jaw fragments, isolated teeth, hand and foot bones, humerus fragments, ulna remains of 50 individuals.

A

remains of Ardi

47
Q

remains of Anam

A

22 specimens, including cranial and jaw fragments, pieces of humerus, tibia, and radius

48
Q

remains of Lucy and similar species

A

several hundred fossils of this species and 65 individual members, knee joint, infant

49
Q

Zinj remains

A

Skull (initially)

Later 130 individuals in a cave at Swartkrans

50
Q

Paranthropus Boisei /nutcracker man remains

A

Cranium

51
Q

“Omo 18” remains

A

Toothless partial mandible, lower jaw and teeth fragments some cranium

52
Q

Australopithecus Africanus remains

A

Fossil Materials: 1 adult cranium (STS5), 1 child’s cranium (Taung Child) 4 partial skeletons; dozens of jaws, hundreds of teeth

53
Q

Zinji’s Number

A

OH5

54
Q

Toumai’s number

A

TM266

55
Q

Orrogin Tugenesis number

A

BAR 1000’00

56
Q

Lucy’s number

A

AL 288-1

57
Q

black skull number

A

KNW WT17000

58
Q

Australopithecus Africansis numbers

A

STS 14, 71, 52, 5

Anthropology 1 (Physical) (13 decks)

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