FINAL EXAM Lecture 2 Chemical principles and thermodynamics Flashcards
Define metabolism
Organized network of reactions occurring in cells
Define Catabolism
Reactions that degrade nutrient molecules yielding energy
Define Anabolism
Reactions in which cell components are assembled from small molecules and energy.
List 5 different types of Biochemical transformation
- Group transfer
- Internal rearrangement
- Cleavage
- Condensation
- Oxidation-Reduction
Out of covalent and hydrogen bonds, which bond is stronger
Covalent bond
Define Electronegativity
A measure of the ability of an atom in a molecule to attract electrons itself
What is the 1st law of thermodynamics ?
The energy of the universe is constant.
What is free energy ?
The sum of entropy and enthalpy
What is Enthalpy?
The heat energy of material at constant pressure
What is entropy?
The measure of the disorder of a system, it is the tendency of energy to spread out over time
What is the 2nd law of Thermodynamics ?
-The entropy of the universe increases.2
What is the Law of mass action?
It is when a closed system will proceed in a reaction until equilibrium and if either side of the reactant or product is a higher value, the reaction is driven the opposite way.
What does it mean if Keq is greater than 1?
There will be more product than reactant at equilibrium
What happens when Delta G is negative?
The reactants proceed spontaneously to form products releasing free energy.
