Chapter 3 - Amino Acids Flashcards
What are hormones?
-Chemical messengers secreted into blood stream by one cell that affect the metabolism of another cell
A protein is a ________ composed of a _________ of a-AA
Biopolymer,linear chain
A peptide is a _________, of up to __AA
short protein,20
what does leucine/Leu look like?
- A letter Y with a CH2 and a CH leading up
what does an isoleucine/Ile look like?
looks like a checkmark with only CH leading up
What does a valine/Val look like?
- Also a letter Y but smaller than leucine with only CH leading up
What does Proline/Pro look like ?
- looks like a Thor hammer and its a cyclic a-imino acid.
What does Alanine/Ala look like ?
-standard structure with CH3 leading up only
What does Glycine/Gly look like?
-standard structure with H leading up only
Which side chains are Aliphatic, non-polar, hydrophobic?
-Leucine/leu
-Isoluecine/Ile
-Valine/val
-Proline/pro
-Alanine/Ala
-Glycine/gly
What structure do the Aromatic Amino Acids have and what do they absorb?
-They all have ring structure and they all absorb ultra violet light.
What does Phenylalanine/Phe look like?
- standard structure with CH2 leading up and has a ring structure at the top
What does tryptophan/Trp look like?
-standard structure with CH2 leading up and has two ring structure going up
What does Tyrosine/Tyr look like?
-standard structure with CH2 leading up and ring structure in the middle and OH on top
Which Amino acids contain sulphur?
-Methionine/Met-Hydrophobic
-Cystine
what does Methionine/Met look like?
- Standard structure with CH2 leading up followed by H2C and S and CH3 at the top
What does Cysteine/Cys look like?
-standard structure with CH2 leading up with SH at the top
What Amino Acids contain Hydroxyl and are polar?
-Threonine/Thr
-Serine/Ser
What does Threonine/Thr look like?
-standard structure with a cross as the side chain with Carbon leading up and CH3 at the top
What does Serine/Ser look like?
-standard structure with CH2 leading up and OH right above it
What are Amide-containing side chains?
-Glutamine/Gln
-Asparagine/Asn
** These do not ionize**
What does Glutamine/Gln look like?
-Standard structure with Y shaped structure for the side chain, Has two CH2 leading up then a Carbon single bonded with NH2 and a double bond to oxygen
What does Asparagine/Asn look like?
-standard structure with a Y shaped structure with CH2 leading up then Carbon single bonded to NH2 and double bond to an oxygen
What does Asparagine/Asn look like?
-standard structure with a Y shaped structure with CH2 leading up then Carbon single bonded to NH2 and double bond to an oxygen
What are the Acidic Amino Acids?
-Glutamic Acid/Glu
-Aspartic Acid/Asp
What does Glutamic Acid/Glu look like?
-Standard structure then a Y shaped ,with two CH2 leading up then a carbon double bond to an oxygen and a single bond to a negative oxygen
What does Aspartic Acid/Asp look like?
-Standard structure with one CH2 leading up then carbon double bonded to oxygen and single bonded to a negtive oxygen
What are the Basic Amino Acids?
-Lysine/Lys
-Arginine/Arg
-Histidine/His
What does Lysine/Lys look like?
-Standard structure with a straight line side chain, 4 CH2 leading up then a positive NH3
What does Arginine/Arg look like?
-Standard structure with 3 CH2 leading up followed by a NH then a carbon double bonded to a positive NH2 and single bonded to a NH2
What does Histidine/His look like?
-Standard structure with CH2 leading up and it has a imidazole ring with N and HN
how many amino acids can humans make ?
11
stopped at slide 20
