Final Exam: Lab 10 Cardiovascular

Question 1

What causes heart sounds

Answer 1

• closing of av valves and semilunar valves

Question 2

how and when are these sounds produced

Answer 2

• first: Av valve (bicuspids) closing

- 2nd sound: closing of semi-lunar valve

Question 3

What is blood pressure? what are the units of measurement for pressure?

Answer 3

• pressure of the blood against arterial wall

- mm/Hg

Question 4

What is systolic pressure? diastolic pressure?

Answer 4

• SBP: ventricle constricts

- DBP: ventricles relax

Question 5

What is a sphygmomanometer and what is it used for?

Answer 5

• pressure cuffs used to take BP

Question 6

Where is the brachial artery and what are its two major branches?

Answer 6

• bicep; arm

- radial and ulna

Question 7

how will uou find the brachial artery?

Answer 7

palpate for it

Question 8

what is a pulse

Answer 8

• pressure produced when aorta stretchees

Question 9

how is pulse pressure calculated

Answer 9

• systolic pressure - diastolic pressure

Question 10

how is mean arterial pressure calculated

Answer 10

• diastolic pressure + (pulse pressure/3)

Question 11

What is ECG

Answer 11

recording of electrical activity of the heart

Question 12

what is a lead

Answer 12

electrode

Question 13

What does each wave of cardiac cycle represent

Answer 13

P = atrial depolarization
QRS = Ventricular depolarization
T = ventricular repolarization

Question 14

PR interval

Answer 14

extends from middle of the P wave to the beginning of the QRS complex.
- x .04

Question 15

Rate of depolarization

Answer 15

• measure a section of EKG 150 mm in length = 6 seconds
• count QRS complexes in this 150 mm segment .
• multiply number of QRS complexes by 10 to get number of depolarization per minute

Question 16

normal heart produces an electrical pattern called

Answer 16

normal sinus rhythm

Question 17

normal sinus rhythm 3 major component

Answer 17

1. regular rhytm
2. the sinoatrial node is the pacemaker for the heart
3. a rate of 60-100 depolarization per minute

Question 18

regular rhythm is present if

Answer 18

the distance between successive QRS complexes are constant, 3 or less mm.
- if distance vary, rhythm is irregular (an arrhythmia)

Question 19

to determine whether SA node is acting pacemaker

Answer 19

locate complete cardiac cycles. a complete cardiac cycle is one that has a P wave, followed by QRS complex, followed by a T wave