Exam 1: Lab 3 Plasma Glucose and Protein concentration

Question 1

organic molecules in the body include

Answer 1

small molecules and larger more complex molecules made up of many smaller ones

Question 2

in the digestive system food molecules are

Answer 2

hydrolyzed to the smaller organic molecules

Question 3

the small organic molecules in digestive system

Answer 3

are absorbed into the blood and transported to all the body cells

Question 4

the cells take in the small molecules and either

Answer 4

break them down for energy or put them together to synthesize the larger organic molecules

Question 5

most of the large organic molecules

Answer 5

remain in the cell, but some are secreted into the plasma

Question 6

blood plasma contains

Answer 6

small organic molecules and some of the larger organic molecules

Question 7

in healthy person

Answer 7

various negative feedback systems maintain the concentrations of these molecules within a narrow range

Question 8

spectrophotemetry

Answer 8

a technique that allows the determination of a solute concentration in a solution

Question 9

the basis of spectrophotemetry is

Answer 9

Beer’s law

Question 10

beer’s law

Answer 10

states that the concentration of a solute in solution is directly proportional to the amount of light absorbed by that solution

Question 11

the specrophotometer is the equipment that

Answer 11

measures the light absorbance of a solution

Question 12

the concentration of a solute in a solution such as plasma can be determined by

Answer 12

comparing its absorbance to that of several standard solutions

Question 13

standard solutions have

Answer 13

known concentrations and light absorbance can be be measured by the spectrophotometer

Question 14

when the light absorbance and concentrations of several standard solutions are graphed, the result is called

Answer 14

standard curve

Question 15

when carbohydrates are consumed and digested, what is the primary product

Answer 15

glucose

Question 16

this glucose is

Answer 16

absorbed into the blood and blood glucose concentratioin rises

Question 17

glucose concetration rising causes

Answer 17

causes the pancrease to secrete the hormone insulin

Question 18

insulin triggers

Answer 18

the transport of glucose into the blood cells, thereby decreasing blood glucose concentration

Question 19

what happens to the extra glucose

Answer 19

skeletal muscle cells and liver cells take in extra glucose and store it as glycogen

Question 20

when blood glucose concentration falls below normal

Answer 20

the pancreas secretes the hormone glucagon

Question 21

the pancreas secreting hormone glucagon stimulates

Answer 21

the breakdown of glycogen into glucose and the the release of glucose into the blood. glucose concentration is increased

Question 22

diabetes mellitus can be caused by

Answer 22

indequate insulin secretion.

Question 23

Diabetes millitus results in

Answer 23

a high blood glucose concentration

Question 24

an over secretion of insulin causes a

Answer 24

low blood glucose concentration

Question 25

normal range of blood glucose concentration is

Answer 25

70 - 110 mg/dl

Question 26

plasma protein are found in

Answer 26

blood plasma

Question 27

most plasma protein are synthesized by

Answer 27

by the liver cells and secreted into the plasma

Question 28

the proteins are grouped into 3 categories

Answer 28

- albumins - globulins - fibrinogen

Question 29

albumins

Answer 29

transport other chemical substance in the blood

Question 30

globulins

Answer 30

transport other chemicals in the blood, participate in the blood clotting process, and act as antibodies in the body's defense against infection.

Question 31

the antibodies are produced by

Answer 31

white blood cells

Question 32

fibrinogen

Answer 32

functions in the blood clotting process

Question 33

all of the plasma proteins are important in

Answer 33

maintaining the osmolarity of blood

Question 34

the high protein concentration in plasma

Answer 34

attract and holds water in the plasma

Question 35

a change in plasma concentration can

Answer 35

can not only affect the individual protein functions, but also the fluid balance in the body

Question 36

a low plasma protein concentration can be caused by

Answer 36

liver disease (decreased plasma protein synthesis) or kidney disease (loss of plasma proteins into urine)

Question 37

the result of this low plasma protein concentration is

Answer 37

decreased blood osmolarity and an increase in water moving into the tissue fluid

Question 38

a high plasma protein concentration can be caused by

Answer 38

dehydration (loss of water) or various infections (increased production of some glubolins

Question 39

the result of this high plasma protein concentration is

Answer 39

in increase blood osmolarity and movement of more water into the plasma

Question 40

normal total plasma protein concentration

Answer 40

6.0 -8.4g/dl

Question 41

the technique of spectrophotometry can be used to find

Answer 41

the concentration of proteins that have diffused out of cells with damaged cell membranes. - requires specific reagent that will interact only with the specific protein