Exam 2: Lab 5 Cutaneous Receptors and Chemoreceptors (taste)

Question 1

What is transduction

Answer 1

process of sensory receptors taking in information and changing it to a form the nervous system understand
- electrical signal

Question 2

what is perception

Answer 2

Brain’s interpretation of the transduced information

Question 3

Does each receptor respond to all stimuli? Explain.

Answer 3

No. Each receptors has its own stimulus it responds to

Question 4

Which types of receptors are found in the skin? (what are they sensitive to?

Answer 4

• cutanous receptors
  
  • sensitive to: temp (pain (nociception),
  • touch,
  • pressure
  • thermoreceptors

Question 5

How is the intensity of a stimulus coded in nerve impulses? How is this information interpreted in the brain?

Answer 5

• frequency of action potential

- higher frequency = more intense

Question 6

When you put your hand in cold water, how do you know that it is cold?

Answer 6

• cold receptors send action potential to the brain

- cold receptors got activated and thats what responds to cold

Question 7

How do you know it is your hand that is cold?

Answer 7

• homunculus - map of brain (which body part corresponds to which part of brain.)
• when the cold receptor send action potentials to the brain, they arrive at that location that corresponds to the hand. It’s that particular part of the brain that receives the information

Question 8

what is sensory adaptation

Answer 8

• whether they are:
  phasic receptors
  tonic receptors

Question 9

phasic receptors

Answer 9

fire a high frequency of action potentials initially and then decrease frequency of action potentials over time even with a constant stimulus

Question 10

tonic receptors

Answer 10

fire a constant frequency of action potentials for as long as the stimulus is presents

Question 11

which one is responsible for sensory adaptation? phasic or tonic receptors?

Answer 11

the phasic receptors because phasic will fire initially as intense and over time it will be perceived as less and less intense

Question 12

which sense receptors adapt rapidly?

Answer 12

phasic receptors

• smell receptors
• thermoreceptors
• touch receptors

Question 13

which sense receptors do not adapt?

Answer 13

pain receptors

Question 14

what types of cells are taste receptors receptors?

Answer 14

• taste receptors
• gustatory taste cells
• modified epithelial cells (regenerates, not sensory neurons)

Question 15

taste modality

Answer 15

• sweet
• sour
• bitter
• salty
• umami/savory
• (spicy - mediated pain receptors, capscin)

Question 16

does molecules send ap?

such as glucose, sucrose, equal, amylose, fructose, kcl or nacl?

Answer 16

• no. molecules doesnt send AP

- they stimulate particular modality receptor and the receptors send the AP.

Question 17

What is two point threshold

Answer 17

Minimum distance that 2 distinct point can be felt

• density of sensory neurons
• highest density