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MNT > Final Exam - Exam 3 > Flashcards

Final Exam - Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the names of the two preferred formulas for calculating a burn patients energy needs?

A
  1. Curreri
  2. harris benedict x 1.5
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2
Q

what are four common side effects to taking statin medication?

A
  1. peripheral neuropathy
  2. muscle cramps
  3. cognitive decline
  4. CoQ10 deficiency
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3
Q

What are four current dietary recommendations for cardiovascular disease?

A

Overall DASH diet recommendations
- increase multigrains
- increase fiber
- increase fruits and veggies
- saturated fats less than 7%
- sodium under 1500 mg

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4
Q

What formula is recommended for kcalcs and protein for critically ill covid patients?

A
  • 15-20 kcals/kg bodyweight
  • 1.2-2.0 g/kg bodyweight protein
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5
Q

A HgbA1C of 5.7% would be considered diagnostic for what?

A

Pre-diabetes

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6
Q

A fasting plasma glucose of 128 mg/dL would be considered diagnostic for what?

A

Diabetes

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7
Q

T/F diabetic ketoacidosis is more common in Type 2 diabetic patients than Type 1 diabetic patients

A

False, more common in Type 1

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8
Q

T/F patients must advance the diet slowly (clear liquids, full liquids, then solid food) after general surgery

A

False

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9
Q

Which vitamins and minerals are usually supplemented in burn patients?

A
  • Vit C
  • Vit A
  • Vit K
  • magnesium
  • phosphorus
  • iron
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10
Q

T/F it is necessary for most patients with heart disease to limit cholesterol consumption

A

False

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11
Q

What food groups and amounts are included in a 2000 kcal DASH diet?

A
  1. 7-8 whole grains per day
  2. 4-5 fruits per day
  3. 4-5 vegetables per day
  4. 2-3 fats/oils per day
  5. 1-2 lean meats, limit
  6. 4-5 legumes/nuts per week
  7. 5 sweets per week
  8. 2-3 dairy per day
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11
Q

For critically ill patients, what is the recommended range for glucose?

A

150-180

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12
Q

What is the favored energy source for burn patients?

A

Carbohydrates

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13
Q

Is increased oxygen a symptoms of ebb or flow phase?

A

Flow

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14
Q

Is decreased body temperature a symptoms of ebb or flow phase?

A

ebb

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15
Q

Are increases in glucose production, FFA release, insulin and catecholamines a symptoms of ebb or flow phase?

A

Flow

16
Q

Is decreased energy expenditure a symptoms of ebb or flow phase?

A

Ebb

17
Q

What are the four mechanisms of how metformin works to control glucose levels?

A
  1. decreased glucose absorption
  2. decreased hepatic glucose
  3. increased insulin sensitivity
  4. increased glucose uptake in peripheral organs
18
Q

The HgbA1c goal for patients with diabetes should be to aim for less than what percentage?

A

Less than 7%

19
Q

What lifestyle interventions have proven to be effective at delaying the progression of Prediabetes to diabetes?

A
  • 5-10% weightloss
  • exercise 150 minutes per week
  • ongoing counseling support
20
Q

If a patient with Type 2 DM receives a nutrition prescription for a 2000 kcal diet, what nutrition prescription should be used?

A

an inidvidualized meal plan

21
Q

What is the secific MNT for gestational Diabetes? include EAL recommendations and those currently used in practice by RDNs

A
  • 175 g CHO/day
  • initiate within 1 week of diagnosis
  • minimum of 3 visits
  • no sweets
  • no fruits, orange juice, or dairy for breakfast
22
Q

Explain how the new insulin pumps work, how are they different than the old ones?

A
  • new insulin pumps are personalized to the person, have a big learning curve, and can take up to 6 months to get started
  • utilize fast acting insulin released througout the day or monitors and releases based on blood glucose level
23
Q

How many grams of carbs are in the following snack?
- 17 grapes
- breakfast taco with small tortilla, 2 eggs, salsa
- 8 oz glass of milk

A

45 g CHO total

24
Q

Name two 5-deiodinase inhibitors

A
  • not enough protein
  • not enough selenium
25
Q

T/F All patients with hashimotots need an iodine supplement to promote adequate thyroid production

A

False

26
Q

Name two goitrogenic foods

A

Cabbage, bamboo shoots

27
Q

What type of T2DM medication is typically given prior to transitioning to insulin and has shown to aid in weight loss?

A

GLP-1 receptor agonists

28
Q

A blood pressure of 133/79 would be considered which stage?

A

stage 1

29
Q

Which diuretic used for HTN depletes potassium?

A

Lasix

30
Q

What MNT would you recommend for a patient with PCOS?

A
  • high fiber
  • avoid refined carbs
  • assess benefits of high/low CHO
  • vitamin D
  • chromium
31
Q

What micronutrient deficiencies can occur when someone takes metformin for an extended period of time?

A

Vitamin B12 deficiency

MNT (20 decks)

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