Final Exam - Exam 3 Flashcards
What are the names of the two preferred formulas for calculating a burn patients energy needs?
- Curreri
- harris benedict x 1.5
what are four common side effects to taking statin medication?
- peripheral neuropathy
- muscle cramps
- cognitive decline
- CoQ10 deficiency
What are four current dietary recommendations for cardiovascular disease?
Overall DASH diet recommendations
- increase multigrains
- increase fiber
- increase fruits and veggies
- saturated fats less than 7%
- sodium under 1500 mg
What formula is recommended for kcalcs and protein for critically ill covid patients?
- 15-20 kcals/kg bodyweight
- 1.2-2.0 g/kg bodyweight protein
A HgbA1C of 5.7% would be considered diagnostic for what?
Pre-diabetes
A fasting plasma glucose of 128 mg/dL would be considered diagnostic for what?
Diabetes
T/F diabetic ketoacidosis is more common in Type 2 diabetic patients than Type 1 diabetic patients
False, more common in Type 1
T/F patients must advance the diet slowly (clear liquids, full liquids, then solid food) after general surgery
False
Which vitamins and minerals are usually supplemented in burn patients?
- Vit C
- Vit A
- Vit K
- magnesium
- phosphorus
- iron
T/F it is necessary for most patients with heart disease to limit cholesterol consumption
False
What food groups and amounts are included in a 2000 kcal DASH diet?
- 7-8 whole grains per day
- 4-5 fruits per day
- 4-5 vegetables per day
- 2-3 fats/oils per day
- 1-2 lean meats, limit
- 4-5 legumes/nuts per week
- 5 sweets per week
- 2-3 dairy per day
For critically ill patients, what is the recommended range for glucose?
150-180
What is the favored energy source for burn patients?
Carbohydrates
Is increased oxygen a symptoms of ebb or flow phase?
Flow
Is decreased body temperature a symptoms of ebb or flow phase?
ebb
Are increases in glucose production, FFA release, insulin and catecholamines a symptoms of ebb or flow phase?
Flow
Is decreased energy expenditure a symptoms of ebb or flow phase?
Ebb
What are the four mechanisms of how metformin works to control glucose levels?
- decreased glucose absorption
- decreased hepatic glucose
- increased insulin sensitivity
- increased glucose uptake in peripheral organs
The HgbA1c goal for patients with diabetes should be to aim for less than what percentage?
Less than 7%
What lifestyle interventions have proven to be effective at delaying the progression of Prediabetes to diabetes?
- 5-10% weightloss
- exercise 150 minutes per week
- ongoing counseling support
If a patient with Type 2 DM receives a nutrition prescription for a 2000 kcal diet, what nutrition prescription should be used?
an inidvidualized meal plan
What is the secific MNT for gestational Diabetes? include EAL recommendations and those currently used in practice by RDNs
- 175 g CHO/day
- initiate within 1 week of diagnosis
- minimum of 3 visits
- no sweets
- no fruits, orange juice, or dairy for breakfast
Explain how the new insulin pumps work, how are they different than the old ones?
- new insulin pumps are personalized to the person, have a big learning curve, and can take up to 6 months to get started
- utilize fast acting insulin released througout the day or monitors and releases based on blood glucose level
How many grams of carbs are in the following snack?
- 17 grapes
- breakfast taco with small tortilla, 2 eggs, salsa
- 8 oz glass of milk
45 g CHO total
Name two 5-deiodinase inhibitors
- not enough protein
- not enough selenium
T/F All patients with hashimotots need an iodine supplement to promote adequate thyroid production
False
Name two goitrogenic foods
Cabbage, bamboo shoots
What type of T2DM medication is typically given prior to transitioning to insulin and has shown to aid in weight loss?
GLP-1 receptor agonists
A blood pressure of 133/79 would be considered which stage?
stage 1
Which diuretic used for HTN depletes potassium?
Lasix
What MNT would you recommend for a patient with PCOS?
- high fiber
- avoid refined carbs
- assess benefits of high/low CHO
- vitamin D
- chromium
What micronutrient deficiencies can occur when someone takes metformin for an extended period of time?
Vitamin B12 deficiency
