Final Exam: Confinement Flies Flashcards
2 types of confinement flies
stable and house
stable fly breeding sites
moist decaying organic mater w/ rotting vegetation - not plain manure; bedding mixed with urine/manure; fermenting feed, silage, rotting hay
development of stable flies
directly related to temp - pupal stage under breeding matter; emerge in spring as adults
stable fly feeding sites
lower legs, ear tips in dogs
type of feed in male and female stable flies
blood feeders - 2-5 min to engorge; easily disturbed; several bites for 1 feeding; 3 complete feedings/egg batch; painful bites
stable fly attractants
visual stimulus - select conspicuous target
CO2 - imprecise upwind flight
human skin odor - precisely directed flight
when to stable flies feed and where do they rest
feed on sunny days; rest in shade on fence posts, buildings, most of time off animal
pain index of stable fly
206 (very high)
stable fly treatment guidelines
only treat when pop is high enough
50/beef cow = reduced weight gain by 25%
50/ dairy cow = 40-60% decrease in milk production
cultural management
sanitation; waste management; quick drying, drainage, mounded manure on hard pad
stable fly insecticides
space spray- contact and kill adults when out and active
residual - on animal and resting sites; should be fairly long lasting
control measures - attractants
reflected light attractant; traps have sticky substance that flies get stuck too; corrugated plastic (white best)
house fly impact
nuisance; pathogens - viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, nematodes on mouthparts , feet, vomit, feces
house fly development
little manure needed for development
mature larvae can move > 50’ to dry place to pupate
where do house flies develop?
favorites: horse manure>human feces > cow manure
house fly food
adults can survive on water and carbs but females need protein to develop eggs
have similar mouthparts to the face fly
what about house flies make them great disease carriers?
they have a lot of bristles all over and on feet so it can pick up a lot of things and carry it on its body
house fly behavior - where do they rest
ceilings, beams, wires in buildings
house fly management
removal of attractive materials may reduce fly numbers by 50%
house fly traps
scudder grid - count flies resting on known surface area
spot cards- measures activity over a few weeks rather than a few minutes
sticky ribbons
