Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy 141 > Final anatomy > Flashcards

Final anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

what gland secretes a hormone controlling metabolic rate

A

thyroid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

master gland” that secretes at least nine hormones

A

pituitary gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

an organ that secretes hormones controlling blood sugar levels.

A

pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

an immune organ that also secretes hormones.

A

thymus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

endocrine glands statements

A

The hormones they secrete regulate processes such as growth and metabolism.
They secrete messenger molecules called hormones.
They are a group of ductless glands.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

the bony structure where the pituitary gland is located.

A

sella turcica of the sphenoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Blood levels of which substance are regulated by secretion from parathyroid glands

A

calcium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

which hormones does the pancreas secrete

A

insulin and glucagon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what that indicates a gland that regulates circadian rhythms.

A

pineal gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the hypophysis

A

pituitary gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The adrenal medulla secretes

A

epinephrine and norepinephrine.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

T/F The endocrine cells of the pancreas are present in islets, whereas the exocrine cells are in acini.

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Individuals with type 2 diabetes

A

may often control their disease by diet and exercise.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

At which level of the respiratory tree is there no cartilage, where smooth muscle takes on an important role in regulating the amount of airflow through the tubule?

A

bronchioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the histological significance of the mucosa of the oropharynx that is comprised of stratified squamous epithelium?

A

The area is subject to abrasion from food, so protection and regeneration are important.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The epiglottis is a cartilaginous flap that prevents food or liquid from being aspirated into the__________ .

A

lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

he uvula lifts superiorly during swallowing to close off the__________ .

A

nasopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the function of alveolar macrophages found within and between alveoli?

A

removal of microscopic inhaled particles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The superior boundary of the nasal cavity is formed by which structure(s)?

A

sphenoid and ethmoid bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the anatomical relationship of the true vocal folds to the false vocal folds?

A

The true vocal folds are inferior to the false vocal folds.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the components of the respiratory membrane?

A

alveolar and capillary walls and their fused basal laminae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what assist in filtering, heating, and humidifying inspired air

A

nasal conchae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

a muscular tube that serves as a common passageway for food and air.

A

laryngopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

a flexible tube that has C-shaped cartilaginous rings that keep it from collapsing.

A

trachea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Anatomical region of the nasal cavity containing nose hairs.

A

vestibule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

The smallest airway of the bronchial tree that is primarily responsible for creating bronchoconstriction.

A

bronchiole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Alveolar cells that allow rapid diffusion of respiratory gases.

A

Type I

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

The serous membrane lining of the wall of the thoracic cavity

A

parietal pleura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Fluid that reduces surface tension of the alveolar walls.

A

surfactant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

The medial opening between the vocal folds through which air passes.

A

rima glottidis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Specific location within the lungs where gas exchange occurs

A

respiratory membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

The superior and middle nasal conchae are bony projections from the

A

ethmoid bone.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Which cells produce surfactant?

A

type II cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

The left lung has what

A

cardiac notch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

The passageway between the nasopharynx and the middle ear is

A

pharyngotympanic tube.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Of the three different layers of tissue in the wall of the trachea, the outermost layer is the

A

adventitia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Most foreign substances in inspired air fail to reach the lungs because of the

A

ciliated epithelium and mucus that line the respiratory passages.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

When the diaphragm contracts, the size of the thoracic cavity ________, the pressure inside the thoracic cavity ________, and air flows ________ the lungs.

A

increases; drops; into

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

The part of the brain that generates the basic respiratory rhythm is the

A

medulla oblongata.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

T/F Changes in the size of the thoracic cavity bring about inspiration and expiration.

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

T/F When the diaphragm contracts, it raises the floor of the thoracic cavity upward.

A

false

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Name the strong transparent covering that encases the kidney.

A

fibrous capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

T/F The fibrous capsule is a layer of adipose tissue that surrounds the kidney.

A

false, its Dense connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Which region of the kidney is the most superficial?

A

renal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Where does filtration of the blood occur within the kidneys?

A

renal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

name the correct direction of urine flow from formation to exiting the kidney.

A

Cortex, medulla, renal pelvis, ureter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Where does the kidney filter the blood?

A

renal corpuscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

What is the function of the renal pelvis?

A

Collects newly formed urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Which section of the renal tubule is most active in secretion and resorption? What type of epithelium is located in this region?

A

proximal convoluted tubule; simple cuboidal epithelium with long microvilli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

The microvilli along the luminal surface of the proximal convoluted tubule __________.

A

increase the total surface area of proximal convoluted tubules and maximize their capacity for resorbing water, ions, and solute from the filtrate

51
Q

Where does blood flow immediately after it leaves the glomerulus in the renal corpuscle?

A

efferent arteriole

52
Q

Eventually, throughout the uriniferous tubules, about__________ % of fluid is resorbed into the blood

A

99

53
Q

Renal corpuscles __________.

A

consist of a glomerulus and a glomerular capsule

54
Q

What happens in tubular resorption?

A

Most nutrients, water, and essential ions are returned to the blood renal capillaries.

55
Q

The medial concave cleft in which vessels, ureters, and nerves enter/leave the kidney.

A

hilum

56
Q

85% of nephrons are described by this term that relates to their location in the kidney.

A

cortical

57
Q

The descriptive term for the location of the kidneys relative to the abdominal cavity.

A

retroperitoneal

58
Q

Ladderlike looping blood vessels within the medulla.

A

vasa recta

59
Q 
Which of the following is not normally found in urine? 
urea 
creatinine 
uric acid 
glucose
A

glucose

60
Q

The function of the collecting duct is to

A

determine the final volume and concentration of urine.

61
Q

Part complete

An important difference between the peritubular capillaries and the vasa recta in the kidney is that

A

the vasa recta are in the medulla, whereas the peritubular capillaries are in the cortex

62
Q

Cortical nephrons are different from juxtamedullary nephrons in that

A

their nephron loop is shorter, with a shorter thin segment.

63
Q

The oblique entry of the ureters into the bladder __________.

A

prevents backflow of urine into the ureters from the urinary bladder

64
Q

The region in the urinary bladder, defined by the openings of the ureters and the urethra, is called the__________ .

A

trigone

65
Q

Contraction of the bladder’s__________ muscle squeezes urine from the bladder during urination

A

detrusor

66
Q

Contraction of this muscle forces urine from the bladder.

A

detrusor

67
Q

The contraction and relaxation of adjacent segments of the alimentary canal moves material through the tract. what is that called

A

peristalsis

68
Q

what is largest exocrine gland in the body

A

liver

69
Q

what has a modified longitudinal muscularis externa laye

A

large intestine/colon

70
Q

what receives digestive enzymes from the pancreas and bile from the gallbladder

A

duodenum

71
Q

what contains mucus and serous secretory cells

A

submandibular gland

72
Q

Layer of the GI tract responsible for peristalsis and segmentation.

A

muscularis mucosae

73
Q

Bulblike union of the main pancreatic duct and bile duct

A

hepatopancreatic ampulla

74
Q

Three strips of longitudinal muscles of the muscularis of the colon causing it to pucker into sacs.

A

teniae coli

75
Q

Which layer of the digestive tract is responsible for the peristaltic waves that propel materials from one portion to another?

A

muscularis externa

76
Q

Which of the following choices correctly pairs a type of cell in the stomach with its secretion?

A

chief cell; pepsinogen

77
Q

characteristic of the large intestine?

A

It absorbs much of the water and salts remaining in the wastes.
It contains an abundant bacterial flora.
It includes the ascending, transverse, and descending colon.

78
Q

Part complete

The digestive organ primarily responsible for the absorption of water is the

A

large intestine.

79
Q

whats contained in saliva

A

bicarbonate buffer, bacterial enzymes, enzymes that initiate the digestion of carbohydrates

80
Q

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) is primarily located within the

A

lamina propria

81
Q

What is the function of the hepatopancreatic sphincter?

A

It controls the entry of bile and pancreatic juices into the alimentary canal

82
Q

what does the stomach do to food

A

churns food into a paste by mechanical means

83
Q

Which of the following applies to the small intestine?

A

Breakdown products of fats enter its lacteals.

84
Q

statements of the duodenum

A

It receives chyme from the stomach.
It is the site of action of liver and pancreas secretions.
It is shorter than either the ileum or jejunum.

85
Q

The parietal cells in the stomach produce

A

intrinsic factor and HCl.

86
Q

The terminal portion of the small intestine is the

A

ileum.

87
Q

The correct sequence of layers in the wall of the alimentary canal, from internal to external, is

A

mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, serosa.

88
Q

T/F The vermiform appendix is suspended from the cecum.

A

true

89
Q

T/F
Part complete
Villi are cytoplasmic projections on the surface of intestinal absorptive cells.

A

false

90
Q

T/F Chief cells of the gastric glands secrete pepsinogen.

A

true

91
Q

T/F The small intestines contain bacteria that synthesize some essential vitamins

A

true

92
Q

The pancreas is both a(n) __________ gland and a(n) __________ gland.

A

exocrine / endocrine

93
Q

What is the function of the seminiferous tubules?

A

They are the site of sperm manufacture.

94
Q

Tubular organ that is transected during a vasectomy.

A

ductus deferens

95
Q

Type of cell in the testes that produces testosterone.

A

interstitial

96
Q

Sperm become motile in the

A

epididymis.

97
Q

Which of the following is the primary sex organ in the male?

A

the testis

98
Q

The seminal vesicles

A

are glands that secrete most of the volume of the semen.

99
Q

Which of the following organs does not contribute secretion(s) during the male sexual response?

A

corpus cavernosum

100
Q

Erection is caused by

A

erectile bodies filling with blood.

101
Q

t/f The spermatic cord is another name for the ductus deferens.

A

false

102
Q

t/f Spermatogonia are located near the lumen of seminiferous tubules.

A

false

103
Q

t/f The ejaculatory ducts are formed by the union of the ductus deferens and urethra.

A

false

104
Q

t/f Seminiferous tubules are the site of sperm storage.

A

false

105
Q

For each oogonium that undergoes meiosis, how many eggs result?

A

1

106
Q

The phases of the uterine cycle occur in the following order.

A

menstrual phase (days 1–5); proliferative phase (days 6–14); secretory phase (days 15–28)

107
Q

ova are produced in a process called__________ .

A

oogenesis

108
Q

The__________ of the uterine tube is the usual site of fertilization.

A

ampulla

109
Q

The wall of the uterus is composed of three basic layers: an outer perimetrium, a middle__________ , and an inner endometrium.

A

myometrium

110
Q

The__________ is homologous to the penis, having both a glans and a body.

A

clitoris

111
Q

Breast enlargement at puberty is due to __________.

A

accumulation of fat in the breasts

112
Q

The fluid-filled cavity in a mature ovarian follicle is known as

A

antrum.

113
Q

The opening of the oviduct is surrounded by these structures.

A

fimbriae

114
Q

Fertilization of the ovum normally occurs in this region of the oviduct.

A

ampulla

115
Q

The female homologue of the male scrotum is the

A

labia majora

116
Q

The zona pellucida is what…

A

is a protective shell around the oocyte that sperm must penetrate for fertilization to occur.

117
Q

The milk-producing cells in the breast are

A

simple cuboidal epithelial cells in alveoli.

118
Q

Part complete

The most common site of ectopic pregnancy is the

A

uterine tube

119
Q

The vaginal fornix

A

surrounds the tip of the cervix.

120
Q

t/f Oogenesis takes years to complete.

A

true

121
Q

Lobules and alveoli of the breast develop during puberty.

A

false

122
Q

This layer of the uterus contracts during parturition to expel the baby.

A

myometrium

123
Q

The usual site of embryo implantation is the

A

uterus

124
Q

What does the presence of the SRY protein indicate?

A

The embryo will develop into a male.

Anatomy 141 (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions