FINAL Flashcards
layers of heart (3) from outer to inner
EPICARIDUM - external layer - outermost (visceral) & inner layer (adipose tissue, blood vessels, lymphatics
MYOCARDIUM - middle, muscle
ENDOCARDIUM - inner, endothelium, smooth lining
what makes heart valves open and close
pressure changes
upper two chambers of heart
right and left atria
lower chambers of heart
right and left ventricles
right atrium has what structures
superior vena
inferior vena
coronary sinus
tricuspid valve
interatrial septum
fossa ovalis - remnant of foramen ovale in fetus
where are pectinate mm found
atrium
what does superior vena cava drain
head and neck
left drains rest of body
coronary sinus drains heart
where is trabeculae carneae
right ventricle heart wall
convey electricity
where is cordae tendinea and what does it do
tricuspid valve and bicuspid
control valve opening and closing
where are papillary mm’s
ventricles
type of trabeculae carneae attached to carnae
What are the pulmonary valves and trunk
right ventricle
PULMONARY takes BLOOD AWAY from heart
where does the bicuspid valve deliver blood to
left ventricle
blood passes through into coronary arteries first
then descending aorta to rest of body
blood flows from ____ pressure to _____ pressure
high –> low
valves open and close in response to PRESSURE CHANGE
what are the atrioventricular valves
TRICUSPID (right atrium –> right ventricle)
BICUSPID (MITRAL) (left atrium –> left ventricle)
what are the semilunar valves
AORTIC (right ventricle)
PULMONARY (left ventricle)
what is pulmonary circulation
blood leaving RIGHT VENTRICLE flowing through pulmonary valve into pulmonary trunk into lungs
blood picks up O2 and drops of CO2 into lungs
blood leaves lungs and re enters left ventricle of heart to be pumped out through aortic into systemic circulation
what is systemic circulation
blood from left ventricle (AFTER ITS GONE THROUGH PULMONAR CIRCULATION & IS OXYGENATED)
through aorta, aortic arch, descending aorta to the body
coronary cirulation
LAC
LEFT CORORNARY ARTERY
anterior interventricular branch (supplies oxygenated blood to both ventricle)
circumflex branch (supplies oxygenated blood to walls of atriums)
coronary circulation
RPM
RIGHT CORONARY ARTERY
POSTERIOR INTERVENTRICULAR BRANCH (oxygenated blood to walls of two ventricles)
MARGINAL BRANCH (oxygenated blood to right ventricle)
LAC RPM
LEFT CORONARY ARTERY BRANCHES
ANTERIOR INTERVENTRICULAR
CIRCUMFLEX
RIGHT CORONARY ARTERY BRANCHES
POSTERIOR INTERVENTRICULAR
MARGINAL BRANCH
conducting zone (NO GAS EXCHANGE) (8)
nose
nasal cavity
pharynx
larynx
trachea
bronchi
bronchioles
terminal bronchioles
respiratory zone - GAS EXCHANGE OCCURS (4)
respiratory bronchioles
alveolar ducts
alveolar sacs
alveoli
4 layers of trachea
mucosa
submucosa
hyaline cartilage
adventitia