FINAL 04 - Dementia, BPSD, Parkinson's Disease

Question 1

Is a general term characterized by progressive cognitive decline, memory loss, and changes in behavior

Answer 1

Dementia

Question 2

Most common cause of dementia that affects memory, thinking, and behavior

Answer 2

Alzheimer’s disease

Question 3

Occurs because of microscopic bleeding and blood vessel blockage in the brain

Answer 3

Vascular dementia

Question 4

4 symptoms and signs of dementia

Answer 4

Short term memory, Difficulty with task, Language problems, Disorientation

Question 5

Refers to the symptoms of disturbed perception that frequently occur in patients with dementia

Answer 5

Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD)

Question 6

Is characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, leading to motor symptoms like tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia

Answer 6

Parkinson’s disease

Question 7

Is a burst of uncontrolled electrical activity between brain cells that causes temporary abnormalities in muscle tone or movements

Answer 7

Seizure

Question 8

Are also called partial seizures since they begin in one area of the brain

Answer 8

Focal seizures

Question 9

A type of focal seizure that may alter emotions

Answer 9

Simple focal seizure

Question 10

A type of seizure that involves a change or loss of consciousness or awareness that feels like being in a dream

Answer 10

Complex focal seizure

Question 11

Are surges of abnormal nerve discharges throughout the cortex of the brain more or less at the same time

Answer 11

Generalized seizure

Question 12

6 types of generalized seizure

Answer 12

Absence, Tonic, Atonic, Clonic, Myoclonic, Tonic-clonic

Question 13

Formerly known as petit mal seizures; often occur in children

Answer 13

Absence seizures

Question 14

Are seizures that cause stiffening of the muscles

Answer 14

Tonic seizures

Question 15

Also known as drop seizures; cause a loss of muscle control

Answer 15

Atonic seizures

Question 16

Are seizures associated with repeated jerking muscle movements

Answer 16

Clonic seizures

Question 17

Are seizures that usually appear as sudden brief jerks or twitches of the arms and legs

Answer 17

Myoclonic seizures

Question 18

Previously known as grand mal seizures; are the most dramatic type of epileptic seizure

Answer 18

Tonic-clonic seizure

Question 19

Are rapid, repeated, involuntary contractions of a group of muscles that either result in a movement or sound

Answer 19

Tics

Question 20

4 causes of tics

Answer 20

Psychogenic, Neurogenic, Substance abuse, Physiological

Question 21

2 types of tics

Answer 21

Simple, Complex

Question 22

Are tics that involve a single muscle group

Answer 22

Simple tics

Question 23

2 types of simple tics

Answer 23

Simple motor tics, Simple vocal tics

Question 24

It includes head shaking, eye blinking, sniffing, neck jerking, shoulder shrugging, and grimacing

Answer 24

Simple motor tics

Question 25

It includes coughing, throat clearing, and barking

Answer 25

Simple vocal tics

Question 26

Are tics that usually involve more than one muscle group

Answer 26

Complex tics

Question 27

2 types of complex tics

Answer 27

Complex motor tics, Complex vocal tics

Question 28

It includes self-hitting or self-biting, jumping and twirling while walking

Answer 28

Complex motor tics

Question 29

It includes repeating words or phrases, echoing what someone else said, and speaking obscenities

Answer 29

Complex vocal tics

Question 30

Is an autoimmune inflammatory disease of the CNS white matter characterized by a relapsing or progressive course

Answer 30

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 31

Is a chronic, progressive, hereditary disease of the nervous system that results in progressive involuntary choreiform movement and dementia

Answer 31

Huntington's disease

Question 32

Means any diagnostic or therapeutic drug that has the property of assisting in the diagnosis of abnormal conditions or symptoms

Answer 32

Agent

Question 33

Includes the brain, spinal cord, and a complex network of nerves

Answer 33

Nervous system

Question 34

Are medicines that affect the CNS

Answer 34

CNS agents

Question 35

Are medications used in the management and treatment of pain

Answer 35

Analgesic

Question 36

Are drugs that help normalize the way nerve impulses travel along the nerve cells which helps prevent ot treat seizures

Answer 36

Anticonvulsant

Question 37

Are medicines that ease nausea and vomiting

Answer 37

Antiemetic/Antivertigo

Question 38

Are medicines that aim to replace dopamine either by drugs that release dopamine or those that mimic the action of dopamine

Answer 38

Antiparkinsons

Question 39

Are medicines that work on the CNS to relieve anxiety, aid sleep, or have a calming effect

Answer 39

Anxiolytics

Question 40

Are a diverse group of medicines that have the ability to relax or reduce tension in the muscle

Answer 40

Muscle relaxants

Question 41

Are those used to perceive things that are not physical touch, such as sound, sight, smell, and taste

Answer 41

Special senses

Question 42

Involves difficulty processing and responding to these types of sensory information and can cause difficulties functioning in daily life

Answer 42

Special senses disorder

Question 43

It is a hormone that is prescribed for the treatment of auditory processing disorder (APD) in children and teens

Answer 43

Intranasal insulin

Question 44

Is a mineral compound of sodium valproate, which reduces neuron activity and prevents seizures

Answer 44

Depakote

Question 45

It is a drug that can help reduce sensitivity to external stimuli, minimize irritation or agitation, and improve coordination and balance

Answer 45

Intranasal sodium nitrate

Question 46

This drug is administered through the nasal cavity and may help reduce sensitivity to smells

Answer 46

Intranasal clonidine

Question 47

This drug is administered through the nasal cavity and can help reduce sensitivity to taste and improve digestion

Answer 47

Intranasal lidocaine

Question 48

Are proteins derived from human or animal plasma and is intended to activate the immune system and provide protection against certain illnesses or diseases

Answer 48

Intravenous immunoglobulins

Question 49

Recurring seizures

Answer 49

Epilepsy

Question 50

Duration of most seizures

Answer 50

30 seconds-2 minutes

Question 51

"Brakes"

Answer 51

Inhibitory circuits

Question 52

"Accelerator"

Answer 52

Excitatory circuits

Question 53

4 side effects of intranasal insulin

Answer 53

Nausea, Headache, Dizziness, Fatigue

Question 54

4 side effects of anticonvulsants

Answer 54

Dizziness, Diarrhea, Headache, Stomach upset

Question 55

4 side effects of intranasal sodium nitrate

Answer 55

Nose burns, Skin irritation, Dizziness, Diarrhea

Question 56

4 side effects of intranasal clonidine

Answer 56

Dry mouth, Constipation, Dizziness, Fatigue

Question 57

3 side effects of intranasal lidocaine

Answer 57

Irritation of the nasal sphincter, Nasal bleeding, Headache