FINAL 01 - Muscular System Reporting

Question 1

It is a part of myofilament that forms short or thin filaments

Answer 1

Actin

Question 2

What are the different parts of the actin?

Answer 2

G-actin, Tropomyosin, Troponin

Question 3

It is a part of myofilament that do not slide during contraction and are free at both ends

Answer 3

Myosin

Question 4

The region in the center of the sarcomere where only thick filaments are present, with no overlapping thin filaments

Answer 4

H-zone

Question 5

4 microscopic structure of the skeletal muscle

Answer 5

Muscle fibers, Myofibrils, Sarcomeres, Myofilaments

Question 6

There is a higher concentration of potassium (K+) ions inside the cell compared to the outside of the cell (T/F)

Answer 6

T

Question 7

The resting membrane potential of a cell has a charge of -150 mV (T/F)

Answer 7

F

Question 8

The resting membrane potential changes in response to stimuli that activate gated-ion channels (T/F)

Answer 8

T

Question 9

Repolarization refers to the initial increase of the membrane potential to the value of the threshold potential (T/F)

Answer 9

F

Question 10

The peak of the action potential where the membrane potential is positive is referred to as the overshoot (T/F)

Answer 10

T

Question 11

What is contractility in muscle tissue?
a) Ability to stretch and lengthen
b) Ability to return to its original shape after being stretched
c) Ability to shorten forcibly when contracting
d) Ability to receive and respond to stimuli

Answer 11

C

Question 12

Which example illustrates the concept of excitability in muscle function?
a) Stretching exercises like yoga
b) Reflex action when touching a hot surface
c) Performing a bicep curl
d) Using a rubber band

Answer 12

B

Question 13

Extensibility in muscle tissue refers to its ability to:
a) Return to its original shape after being stretched
b) Respond to electrical stimulation
c) Lengthen and stretch beyond its normal resting length
d) Generate movement and pressure

Answer 13

C

Question 14

What is elasticity’s role in muscle function?
a) Maintaining flexibility and range of motion
b) Allowing muscles to return to their original shape after stretching
c) Enabling muscles to respond to nervous system signals
d) Facilitating force generation during contraction

Answer 14

B

Question 15

Which activity demonstrates the concept of elasticity in muscle tissue?
a) Stretching before exercise
b) Performing a knee-jerk reflex
c) Plyometric exercises like jump squats
d) Passive lengthening of muscles after contraction

Answer 15

C

Question 16

3 phases of twitching

Answer 16

Latent period, Period of contraction, Period of relaxation

Question 17

3 causes of twitching

Answer 17

Lack of sleep, Exercise, Lack of nutrients

Question 18

A state of sustained contraction of a muscle during which the muscle does not relax to its initial length or tension

Answer 18

Tetanus

Question 19

The occurrence of additional twitch contractions before the previous twitch has completely relaxed

Answer 19

Summation

Question 20

What is the primary source for ATP synthesis in slow-twitch muscles?

Answer 20

Aerobic respiration

Question 21

What role does myoglobin play in slow-twitch muscle fibers?

Answer 21

It acts as an oxygen reservoir

Question 22

What is the primary energy source for fast-twitch muscle fibers?

Answer 22

Glycolysis

Question 23

Which type of muscle fiber is characterized by fast contraction speed and high susceptibility to fatigue?

Answer 23

Type IIB fibers

Question 24

Which type of muscle fiber is best adapted for activities requiring sustained contractions over a longer duration, such as long-distance running?

Answer 24

Type I fibers

Question 25

How many ATP molecules can aerobic respiration produce?

Answer 25

36

Question 26

What is the energy source of anaerobic respiration?

Answer 26

Glucose

Question 27

Has less efficiency, but it is much faster especially when insufficiency is available

Answer 27

Anaerobic respiration

Question 28

What is the duration of energy supply for anaerobic respiration?

Answer 28

3 minutes

Question 29

3 energy sources of aerobic respiration

Answer 29

Glucose, Amino acids, Fatty acids

Question 30

Fatigue that commonly happens in athletes

Answer 30

Muscle fatigue

Question 31

This type of fatigue occurs in the neuromuscular junction

Answer 31

Synaptic fatigue

Question 32

Which of the impacts are not part of psychological fatigue

Answer 32

Affected muscle movements

Question 33

Minghao has been working on a dance routine for days without any breaks. he has been feeling sleepy, constantly tired and is unable to concentrate on certain tasks. what type of fatigue is stated in this scenario?

Answer 33

Muscle fatigue

Question 34

Which type of muscle contraction involves a constant tension in the muscle while the length of the muscle changes?

Answer 34

Isotonic contraction

Question 35

Which type of isotonic contraction involves the muscle shortening as tension is great enough to overcome the opposing resistance?

Answer 35

Concentric contraction

Question 36

What type of contraction is responsible for maintaining posture and supporting objects in a fixed position without visible movement at the joints?

Answer 36

Isometric contraction

Question 37

Which type of isotonic contraction involves the muscle increasing in length while tension is maintained?

Answer 37

Eccentric contraction

Question 38

What type of contraction involves muscle tension without length changes?

Answer 38

Isometric contraction

Question 39

An astronaut returning from a long-duration space mission experiences muscle loss. What is the term for this condition?

Answer 39

Atrophy

Question 40

During a marathon, a runner suddenly experiences intense pain and stiffness in their calf muscles, hindering their progress. What's the term for this painful, involuntary muscle contraction, often occurring during strenuous physical activity?

Answer 40

Cramps

Question 41

Despite having undergone various medical tests, a patient continues to suffer from widespread muscle pain, fatigue, and tender points. What's the term for this medically unexplained chronic pain syndrome?

Answer 41

Fibromyalgia

Question 42

A patient with chronic liver disease develops stiff and immobile skeletal muscles due to excessive collagen deposition. What's the term for this pathological process of excessive fibrous connective tissue formation in skeletal muscles?

Answer 42

Fibrosis

Question 43

A child is diagnosed with a genetic muscle disorder characterized by progressive muscle weakness and degeneration. What is this condition called?

Answer 43

Muscular dystrophy

Question 44

Class of drugs that are referred to as steroids and are anti-inflammatory

Answer 44

Corticosteroids

Question 45

A corticosteroid that reduces inflammation in the body and also suppresses your immune system

Answer 45

Rayos

Question 46

A drug that is used to reduce fever and treat pain or inflammation caused by many conditions

Answer 46

Ibuprofen

Question 47

Class of drugs that can raise your risk of having a heart attack or stroke, especially in higher doses

Answer 47

NSAIDs

Question 48

Class of drugs used to treat muscle strain and charley horse

Answer 48

NSAIDs

Question 49

The end of the motor neuron that divides into a cluster of synaptic end bulbs

Answer 49

Axon terminal

Question 50

Neural part of the NMJ

Answer 50

Synaptic end bulbs

Question 51

Suspended in the cytosol within each synaptic end bulb are hundreds of membrane-enclosed sacs

Answer 51

Synaptic vesicles

Question 52

The neurotransmitter released at the NMJ

Answer 52

Acetylcholine

Question 53

The muscular part of the NMJ

Answer 53

Motor end plate

Question 54

Integral transmembrane proteins to which acetylcholine specifically binds

Answer 54

Acetylcholine receptors

Question 55

Deep grooves in the motor end plate that provide a large surface area for acetylcholine

Answer 55

Junctional folds

Question 56

3 parts of the NMJ

Answer 56

Presynaptic motor nerve terminal, Synaptic cleft, Postsynaptic muscle fiber

Question 57

Are terminal end branches to one to two hundred nerve terminals

Answer 57

Presynaptic motor nerve terminal

Question 58

The space between the nerve terminal and the plasma membrane of muscle

Answer 58

Synaptic cleft

Question 59

The postsynaptic part of the motor endplate that is positioned on the receiving end of the synaptic cleft

Answer 59

Postsynaptic muscle fiber