Fetal/newborn Flashcards
What prenatal exposure causes broad, low nasal bridge, epicanthal folds, wide spaced eyes, cardio abnormalities, distal digital hypoplasia?
Phenytoin exposure
What prenatal exposure can cause neural tube defects, as well as cardia, limb, and renal abnormalities with characteristics facies?
Prenatal exposure with valproic acid
Fetal warfarin syndrome
Nasal hypoplasia and depressed nasal bridge0P
Litium exposure in utero
Ebstein anomaly
Risk is only 1-5%
Also can cause congenital goiter, nephrogenic DI
Cannot breastfeed
When should you give antenatal steroids?
Between 24-34 weeks gestation who are at risk of delivering within 7 days
APGAR score
Appearance Pulse Reflex irritability Activity (flexion) Respiratory effort
Normal ABG in newborns
pO2 60-90
PCO2 35-45
Effect of cocaine
CNS stimulant
Vasoconstrictve Effie’s which contribute to placental insufficiency, infection, and/or abruption
Preterm birth, low BW, SGA
Long term can cause attention and behavioral self regulation deficits
Physiologic nadir for full term vs premies
Hgb as low as 11.4 for FT
As low at 8 at 8 weeks for premies
Infraorbital creases can be associated with which syndrome (2)
Beck with Wiedemann syndrome
Fetal valproate syndrome
X-ray: fluid in fissure, congestion, and perihilar streaking
TTN aka retained fetal lung fluids
X-ray: ground glass appearance or air bronchograms
RDS or GBS pneumonia
Risk factors for hyperbili
Major risk factors:
- high risk at D.C.
- jaundice within first 24 hours
- Late preterm 34-36wks
- sibling needing PTX
- cephalohematoma
Minor risk factor:
- Having intermediate risk at dc
- male sex
- sibling with jaundice
When do you start pharm treatment for NAS?
Finnegans scores 8 or higher
Auditory brain stem response
Assesses brains responses to auditory stimulus
Tests auditory nerve, cochlea, brain stem
Detects sensorineural hearing loss, but cant distinguish from conductive
