Derm

Question 1

urticaria pigmentosa

Answer 1

Has Darier sign: rubbing the pigmented lesions results in rapid appearance of an erythematous wheal and flare due to local histamine release.

Question 2

first line therapy for mild acne

Answer 2

retinoids and benzoyl peroxide

Question 3

inflammatory acne treatment

Answer 3

topical antibiotics (often clinda)
if very severe, can give oral doxycycline or minocycline

Question 4

Auspitz sign

Answer 4

remove lesion and it bleeds, associated with Psorias

Question 5

Psorias treatment

Answer 5

topical: calcipotriene (Vit D3 analog) used for mild to moderate dx; steriods (mod to high potency)

Question 6

Tinea capitus

Answer 6

forms kerion; Trichophyton produces spores within hair shaft
has “black dots” which are hair follicles falling off
treat with oral griseofulvin (8-12 wks)
or oral ketoconazole (but high risk of hepatotoxicity)

Question 7

Sturge Weber syndrome

Answer 7

triad of facial (V1) port wine stain, ipsilateral leptomeninheal angiomatosis, and choroidal vascula malformation of eye
seizures and ID common

Question 8

Port Wine Stain

Answer 8

capillary malformation

10% of patients with lesions in V1 have Sturge Weber

Question 9

ichthyosis vulgaris

Answer 9

“fish skin” thin scales with pasted on appearance

Question 10

Wright stain with Eos from lesions

Answer 10

E tox

Question 11

Staph scalded skin syndrome

Answer 11

mediated by 2 exotoxins
skin biopsy reveals splitting beneath and within stratum granulosum of epidermis
Nikolsky’s skin “sloughing” of skin

Question 12

Acrodermatitis enteropathica

Answer 12

due to autosomal recessive error in Zinc metabolism
has diarrhea, poor weight gain, dermatitis, hair loss
associated with increased susceptibility to infection
usually presents after weaned off Zinc

Question 13

Tinea versicolor

Answer 13

Usually due to Malassezia furfur

worsens in the sun, more often in hot, humid areas

Question 14

ecthyma (looks similar to bullous impetigo, then involves the dermis)

Answer 14

caused by strep pyogenes

Question 15

alopecia areata

Answer 15

smooth, oval patches, complete hair loss

Question 16

nail changes with smooth hair loss

Answer 16

alopecia areata

Question 17

tuberous sclerosis

Answer 17

more than 3 ash leaf spots
facial angiofibroma
cortical tubers
cardiac rhabdomyoma (spon resolve)
shagreen patch
sebaceous gland hyperplasia

Question 18

seizure type associated with tuberous sclerosis

Answer 18

infantile spasm

Question 19

Pityriasis rosea

Answer 19

herald patch, christmas tree pattern on back

can be associated with syphillis