Fermentation and misc catabolism

Question 1

Mitochondria matrix

Answer 1

Location of pyruvate oxidation and citric acid cycle

Fluid inside inner membrane

Question 2

Mitochondria Inner membrane

Answer 2

Diffusion barrier to ions and small molecules

Cristae – foldings (increase surface area for oxidative phosphorylation)

Question 3

Fermentation

Answer 3

Occurs in presence or absence of oxygen

Occurs in cytoplasm of prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Question 4

Fermentation Final e- acceptor

Answer 4

pyruvate or derivative Organic compound

Question 5

Oxidative phosphorylation cannot operate

during fermentation

Answer 5

Lack electron transport chain components and/or terminal e- acceptor

Question 6

Catabolism of organic molecules Polysaccharides

Answer 6

Hydrolytic enzymes (exoenzymes)
Amylase   Cellulase
Disaccharides     
Monosaccharides

Question 7

Disaccharides catabolism

Answer 7

Hydrolytic enzymes

Question 8

Monosaccharides catabolism

Answer 8

To Glycolysis (or alternatives)

Question 9

What are the hydrolytic enzymes of polysaccharide catabolism

Answer 9

Amylase Cellulase

Question 10

Protein Catabolism outside cell

Answer 10

proteases and peptidases

Deamination, decarboxylation, dehydrogenation catalyzed by enzymes

Question 11

where do the amino acids from proteins go

Answer 11

Glycolysis
Pyruvate
Acetyl-CoA
Krebs cycle

Question 12

when proteins break down in test tube what is color

Answer 12

Organic acid changes indicator color in broth

orange then turns purple with deamination

Question 13

Deamination –

Answer 13

loss of NH2 group; amin in word means nitrogen

Question 14

decarboxylation –

Answer 14

loss of CO2; see carb in word

Question 15

dehydrogenation

Answer 15

– loss of H2 see hydro in word

Question 16

Lipid catabolism

Answer 16

glycerol

fatty acids

Question 17

lipids broken down by

Answer 17

lipase

Question 18

Where does lipid catabolism take palce

Answer 18

Cytoplasm (prokaryotes)
Peroxisomes (eukaryotes)
& Mitochondria (mammals)

Question 19

What does break down of lipids produce

Answer 19

Acetyl-CoA (Krebs)

NADH & FADH2 (ETC)

Question 20

Glycerol is phosphorylated and oxidized to

Answer 20

dihydroxyacetone phosphate

Question 21

Fatty acids oxidized by

Answer 21

b-oxidation

Question 22

b-oxidation

Answer 22

Fatty acid activated by coenzyme A (CoA);

Oxidation results in release of acetyl-CoA (2C)

Question 23

Polysaccharides catabolism

Answer 23

to glycolysis

Question 24

Protein catabolism

Answer 24

To pyruvatethen to Glycolysis

To Acetyl-CoA then TCA/Krebs

Question 25

Lipid catabolism

Answer 25

Glycerol To Glycolysis

Fatty acids To Acetyl-CoA then TCA/krebs