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ANAT 3001 > Female Reproductive System > Flashcards

Female Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the main reproductive structures in females?

A

uterus, ovaries

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2
Q

What structures produce the female gametes (oocytes)?

A

ovaris

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3
Q

Once expelled from the surface of an ovary, an oocyte is swept up by the _________ _____ and transported to the ________.

A

uterine tube ; uterus

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4
Q

The posterior uterus and associated structures are collectively called the…

A

adnexa

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5
Q

What gives the ovaries a whitish color?

A

covering of tunica albuginea, much like with the testes

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6
Q

Where is the uterus?

A

it sits in the floor of the female pelvis, between the urinary bladder and the rectum

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7
Q

The dome-like top of the uterus is called the…

A

fundus

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8
Q

Inferiorly, the uterus tapers into the…

A

cervix

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9
Q

What structure extends inferiorly from the cervix?

A

vagina

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10
Q

What is in the center of the cervix?

A

cervical canal

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11
Q

The cuff around the cervix, where the vagina connects, is called the…

A

fornix

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12
Q

The wall of the uterus has thick ______ muscle that contracts with menstruation and childbirth.

A

smooth

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13
Q

The inner lining of the uterus is called the…

A

endometrium (which is highly vascular and glandular tissue)

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14
Q

There are three pairs of structures attached to the superior-lateral aspect of the uterus collectively called the adnexa. What are they?

A

round ligaments, ovarian ligaments, uterine (fallopian) tubes

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15
Q

Round Ligaments

A
  • travel anteriorly, through the inguinal canal on each side
  • exit the canal and attach to the skin
  • thought to provide positional support to the uterus
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16
Q

Ovaries

A
  • attached to the uterus through the ovarian ligaments
  • primary sex organs in female
  • produce female gametes (oocytes)
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17
Q

Uterine (Fallopian) Tubes

A
  • transport oocytes from the ovaries to the uterine cavity
  • have finger-like projections, called fimbriae, that undulate and create currents to draw the oocyte into the tube at ovulation
  • muscular contractions and ciliated columnar epithelia (part of the mucosa) move the oocyte towards the uterine cavity
18
Q

If you can see the ovaries, are you looking at the anterior or posterior uterus?

A

posterior

- in the anterior view, the ovaries are blocked by the broad ligament

19
Q

The ovaries get their blood supply from the…

A

ovarian arteries

20
Q

The ovarian arteries branch from the…

A

abdominal aorta, just inferior to the renal arteries

21
Q

The right ovarian vein drains into the…

A

inferior vena cava

22
Q

The left ovarian vein drains into the…

A

left renal vein

23
Q

The uterus gets its blood suppl from the…

A

uterine arteries

24
Q

The uterine arteries are branches of the…

A

internal iliac artery

25
Q

The ovarian artery and vein are covered by peritoneum, forming a fold called the…

A

suspensory ligament

26
Q

The ovarian artery and vein travel over (anterior to) the…

A

common iliac vessels

27
Q

The broad ligament is formed by the _________ that drapes over the uterus and adnexa.

A

peritoneum

28
Q

The broad ligament is comprised of two layers of peritoneum and is divided into three parts, which are…

A

mesometrium, mesovarium, and mesosalpinx

29
Q

This is part of the broad ligament attached to the sides of the uterus.

A

mesometrium

30
Q

This part of the broad ligament is attached to the ovary and ovarian ligament.

A

mesovarium

31
Q

This part of the broad ligament is attached to the uterine tube.

A

mesosaplinx

32
Q

The broad ligament provides some support to the…

A

uterus and adnexa

33
Q

When the peritoneum drapes over the organs in the pelvis, it forms a pouch between the bladder and the uterus. What is this called?

A

vesicouterine puch

34
Q

When the peritoneum drapes over the organs in the pelvis, it forms a pouch between the rectum and the uterus. What is this called?

A

rectouterine pouch

35
Q

When a female reaches puberty, the hypothalamus releases..

A

gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

36
Q

GnRH stimulate the (anterior) pituitary gland to release..

A

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and lutenizing hormone (LH)

37
Q

Which hormones initiate the changes in the ovaries during oogenesis?

A

FSH and LH

38
Q

Oogenesis

A

the formation and development of the oocytes

39
Q

Oogonia

A

Mitotic cells which produce the oocytes found in the ovaries before birth

40
Q

Primary Oocytes

A

cell that starts meiosis I and is suspended halfway through. These cells are found in the ovaries of newborn females and do not change until puberty.

41
Q

Secondary Oocytes

A

cell that starts meiosis II, is arrested, and leaves the ovary during ovulation. Does not finish meiosis II unless it becomes fertilized.

ANAT 3001 (11 decks)

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