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Anatomy > Female Reproductive System > Flashcards

Female Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

Reproductive structures in either sex, male or female, typically include the following basic structures:

A

Gonads (testis, ovaries), accessory glands and organs, external genitalia.

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2
Q

Each _____ produces oocytes and hormones

A

ovary

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3
Q

Each _______ produces milk

A

mammary gland

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4
Q

Each _________ delivers an oocyte or embryo to the uterus; they are the normal sites of fertilization

A

uterine tube

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5
Q

The _________ is the site of fetal development

A

uterus

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6
Q

The ______ is the sire of sperm deposition, the birth canal during delivery and is a passageway for fluids during menstruation

A

vagina

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7
Q

___________ lubricate the entrance to the vagina and the external genitalia

A

accessory glands

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8
Q

The _____ contains erectile tissue and produces pleasurable sensations during sexual activity

A

clitoris

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9
Q

The _____ contain glands that lubricate the entrance to the vagina

A

labia

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10
Q

_______ extends between the uterine tube and the ovary stabilizing the position of the ovary.

A

mesovarium

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11
Q

________ extends from the uterus to the medial surface of the ovary

A

ovarian ligament

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12
Q

_______ extends from the lateral surface of the ovary to the pelvic wall. The major blood vessels of the ovary are carried in this ligament.

A

suspensory ligament

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13
Q

________ is a mesentery that encloses the ovaries, uterine tubes and uterus attaching to the sides and floor of the pelvic cavity

A

broad ligament

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14
Q

At birth, the ovaries have about _______ primordial follicles. By puberty, only about _______ remain

A

2 million

400,000

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15
Q

During ______ cycles beginning at puberty, the cycle begins with a group of primordial follicles becoming activated.

A

ovarian

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16
Q

During ovarian cycles beginning at puberty, the cycle begins with a group of primordial follicles becoming activated. The follicle gradually changes to the point where a single secondary follicle becomes a ____________ from which an oocyte is ovulated.

A

vesicular (Graafian) follicle

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17
Q

The empty Graafian follicle collapses and forms the ________, which secretes hormones that prepare the uterus for pregnancy

A

corpus luteum

18
Q

If fertilization does not occur, the _________ disintegrates and this marks the end of the ovarian cycle. A new ovarian cycle begins with the activation of another group of primordial follicles.

A

corpus luteum

19
Q

______- outer serosa surface of the uterus; continuous with the peritoneal lining of the pelvic cavity

A

Perimetrium

20
Q

What is myometrium

A

smooth muscle

21
Q

What is endometrium

A

inner glandular lining; tissue composition changes during the course of the monthly uterine cycle

22
Q

The uterine cycle begins with the onset of ______, in which the functional zone of the endometrium degenerates and is shed

A

menses

23
Q

In the ___________, reorganization of the uterine glands occurs. By the time ovulation occurs, the functional zone is thick and glands are producing a glycogen-rich mucus that can be metabolized by an embryo in early stages

A

proliferative phase

24
Q

In the ___________, glands enlarge and arteries supplying the uterine wall elongate and spiral. This phase lasts as long as the corpus luteum is intact; when it stops producing hormones, the next uterine cycle begins with the onset of menses

A

secretory phase

25
Q

What days are menstruation days

A

1-6

26
Q

What days are the pre-ovulation phase

A

7-12

27
Q

What days are fertile days, ovulation

A

12-15

28
Q

What days are the pre-menstrual phase

A

16-28

29
Q

Hypothalamus releases ____________ to the anterior lobe of pituitary gland

A

gonadotropin-releasing hormone

30
Q

Anterior pituitary releases _______________ and _____________

A 
follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
31
Q

What effects does follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) have on ovaries

A
  • follicle development

- production of estrogen

32
Q

Luteinizing hormone (LH) has the following effects on the ovary:

A
  • Ovulation

- Production of progesterone

33
Q

The ovaries release_______ and _________

A
  • Estrogens

- Progesterone

34
Q

The ________ is an elastic, muscular tube extending between the cervix and the vestibule.

A

vagina

35
Q

The vagina’s 3 functions are

A
  • Serves as a passageway for elimination of menstrual fluids
  • Receives the male penis during sexual intercourse and holds sperm prior to passage into the uterus
  • Forms the inferior portion of the birth canal through which the fetus passes during delivery
36
Q

_____ contains erectile tissue; produces pleasurable sensations during sexual activity

A

clitoris

37
Q

What 3 muscles make up the musculature of the urogenital triangle

A

1) Ischiocavernosus
2) Bulbospongiosus
3) Superficial transverse perineal

38
Q

What is the vestibular bulb

A

erectile tissue similar to corpus spongiosum in the male

39
Q

What is the vestibular gland

A

sercretes mucus similar to the bulbourethral glands in the male

40
Q

Maternal _________ provide nourishment to infants over the initial period of adjustment to life outside the womb

A

mammary glands

41
Q

__________ or milk production, is under the control of circulating hormones produced by the reproductive system

A

Lactation

Anatomy (31 decks)

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