Female Reproductive Pathology

Question 1

Malignant cells within the cervix.

Answer 1

cervical cancer (carcinoma of the cervix)

Question 2

Benign growths on the vulva, cervix, vagina, or anus.

Answer 2

genital warts

Question 3

Precancerous changes that may be caused by a persistent HPV infection.

Answer 3

cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)

Question 4

An early, localized, precancerous form of cervical cancer.

Answer 4

carcinoma in situ (CIS)

Question 5

The entire uterus with lights, supportive tissues, and the top one third of the vagina are removed.

Answer 5

radical hysterectomy

Question 6

Inflammation of the cervix.

Answer 6

cervicitis

Question 7

Malignant tumor of the urine lining (adenocarcinoma).

Answer 7

endometrial cancer (carcinoma of the endometrium)

Question 8

Endometrial tissue located outside the uterus.

Answer 8

endometriosis

Question 9

Benign tumors in the uterus composed of fibrous tissue and muscle

Answer 9

fibroids (also called leiomyomata or leiomyomas)

Question 10

Malignant tumor of the ovary (adenocarcinoma). Either serous (clear fluid) or mucinous (thick, pasty fluid).

Answer 10

ovarian cancer

Question 11

Fluid-filled sacs within the ovary.

Answer 11

ovarian cysts

Question 12

Inflammation and infection of organs in the pelvis and abdomen; salpingitis, oophoritis, endometritis, endocervicitis. Caused by STIs or a leaky appendix.

Answer 12

pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

Question 13

Malignant tumor of the breast (arising from milk glands and ducts).

Answer 13

breast cancer

Question 14

Most common type of breast cancer, in which the tumor had spread to surrounding breast tissue.

Answer 14

invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC)

Question 15

Noninvasive breast cancer that starts in milk ducts and does not spread beyond its original location.

Answer 15

ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)

Question 16

Numerous small sacs of fluid surrounded by dense strands of fibrous tissue in the breast.

Answer 16

fibrocystic breast disease

Question 17

Premature separation of the normally implanted placenta.

Answer 17

abruptio placentae

Question 18

Malignant tumor of the placenta.

Answer 18

choriocarcinoma

Question 19

Implantation of the fertilized egg outside the uterus.

Answer 19

ectopic pregnancy

Question 20

Presence of more than one embryo developing in the uterus during pregnancy.

Answer 20

multiple gestations

Question 21

Implantation of the placenta over the cervical opening or in the lower region of the uterus.

Answer 21

placenta previa

Question 22

Abnormal condition associated with pregnancy, marked by high blood pressure, proteinuria, edema, and headache.

Answer 22

preeclampsia

Question 23

Chromosomal abnormality (trisomy 21) results in mental retardation, retarded growth, and a flat face with a short nose, low-set ears, and slanted eyes.

Answer 23

Down syndrome

Question 24

Destruction of red blood cells in the newborn caused by a blood group incompatibility between the mother and the fetus.

Answer 24

hemolytic disease in the newborn (HDN)

Question 25

Acute lung disease commonly seen in the premature newborn. Caused by a deficiency in surfactant, a protein necessary for proper lung function.

Answer 25

infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS)

Question 26

Accumulation of fluid in the spaces of the brain.

Answer 26

hydrocephalus

Question 27

Abnormal inhalation of meconium produced by a fetus or newborn.

Answer 27

meconium aspiration syndrome

Question 28

Narrowing of the opening of the stomach to the duodenum.

Answer 28

pyloric stenosis