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Medical Terminology 1 > Digestive Pathology > Flashcards

Digestive Pathology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Lack of appetite.

A

anorexia

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2
Q

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen.

A

ascites

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3
Q

Rumbling or gurgling noises produced by the movement of gas, fluid, or both in the gastrointestinal tract.

A

borborygmi (singular borborygmus)

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4
Q

Difficulty in passing stools (feces).

A

constipation

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5
Q

Persistent constipation without an identifiable cause.

A

chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC)

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6
Q

Frequent passage of loose, watery stools.

A

diarrhea

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7
Q

Difficulty in swallowing.

A

dysphagia

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8
Q

Gas expelled from the stomach through the mouth.

A

eructation

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9
Q

Gas expelled through the anus.

A

flatus

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10
Q

Passage of bright, red blood from the rectum.

A

hematochezia

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11
Q

Yellow-orange coloration of the skin and whites of the eyes caused by high levels of bilirubin in the blood (hyperbilirubinemia).

A

jaundice (icterus)

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12
Q

Black, tarry stools; feces containing digested blood.

A

melena

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13
Q

Unpleasant sensation in the stomach with a tendency to vomit.

A

nausea

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14
Q

Fat in the feces.

A

steatorrhea

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15
Q

Inflammation of the mouth with small, painful ulcers.

A

aphthous stomatitus

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16
Q

Tooth decay.

A

dental caries

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17
Q

Inflammation of the mouth caused by infection with the herpes virus.

A

herpetic stomatitus

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18
Q

White plaques or patches on the mucosa of the mouth.

A

oral leukoplakia

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19
Q

Inflammation and degeneration of gums, teeth, and surrounding bone.

A

periodontal disease

20
Q

Failure of the lower esophagus sphincter muscle to relax.

A

achalasia

21
Q

Malignant tumor of the esophagus.

A

esophageal cancer

22
Q

Swollen varicose veins at the lower end of the esophagus.

A

esophageal varices

23
Q

Increased pressure in veins near and around the liver.

A

portal hypertension

24
Q

Malignant tumor of the stomach.

A

gastric cancer

25
Q

Solids and fluids return to the mouth from the stomach.

A

gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

26
Q

Protrusion of an organ or part through the tissues and muscles normally containing it.

A

hernia

27
Q

Open sore in the lining of the stomach or duodenum.

A

peptic ulcer

28
Q

Abnormal tube-like passageway near the anus.

A

anal fistula

29
Q

Polyps (benign growths) protrude from the mucous membrane of the colon.

A

colonic polyps

30
Q

Adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum, or both.

A

colorectal cancer

31
Q

Chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract.

A

Crohn disease (Crohn’s)

32
Q

Abnormal outpouchings (diverticula) in the intestinal wall of the colon.

A

diverticulosis

33
Q

Painful inflammation of the intestines commonly caused by bacterial infection.

A

dysentery

34
Q

Swollen, twisted varicose veins in the rectal region.

A

hemorrhoids

35
Q

Loss of peristalsis with resulting obstruction of the intestines.

A

ileus

36
Q

Inflammation of the colon and small intestine (ex: Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis).

A

inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

37
Q

Telescoping of intestines.

A

intussusception

38
Q

Group of GI symptoms (abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, constipation) without structural abnormalities in the intestines.

A

irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

39
Q

Chronic inflammation of the colon with presence of ulcers.

A

ulcerative colitis

40
Q

Twisting of the intestine on itself.

A

volvulus

41
Q

Gallstones in the gallbladder.

A

cholelithiasis

42
Q

Chronic degenerative disease of the liver.

A

cirrhosis

43
Q

Liver cancer.

A

hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)

44
Q

Malignant tumor of the pancreas.

A

pancreatic cancer

45
Q

Inflammation of the pancreas.

A

pancreatitis

46
Q

Inflammation of the liver caused by a virus.

A

vital hepatitis

Medical Terminology 1 (23 decks)

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